h4cker/crypto/crypto_algorithms.md

Cryptographic Algorithms

Let's go over the most common encryption and hashing algorithms, and compare them.

Based on the search results and NIST's announcements, here is the status of cryptographic standards and their quantum resistance:

Current Standards

Public Key Encryption & Key Exchange

Algorithm	Status	Post-Quantum Ready
RSA	Active but vulnerable	No
ECC/ECDSA	Active but vulnerable	No
ML-KEM (CRYSTALS-Kyber)	Approved	Yes

Digital Signatures

Algorithm	Status	Post-Quantum Ready
RSA Signatures	Active but vulnerable	No
ECDSA	Active but vulnerable	No
SLH-DSA (SPHINCS+)	Approved	Yes

Future Standards

Additional Post-Quantum Algorithms

Algorithm	Status	Type
FIPS 204 (Dilithium)	In development	Digital Signature
FIPS 205 (SPHINCS+)	In development	Digital Signature
FALCON	Selected	Digital Signature

Symmetric Algorithms

Algorithm	Status	Post-Quantum Ready	Notes
AES-256	Active	Yes*	Requires larger key sizes
SHA-2	Active	Yes*	Requires larger output sizes
SHA-3	Active	Yes*	Requires larger output sizes

*Note: Symmetric algorithms are considered quantum-resistant when using sufficiently large key/output sizes, though they may need larger parameters to maintain the same security level against quantum attacks.

The transition to post-quantum cryptography represents a major shift in cryptographic standards to protect against future quantum computer threats. You are encouraged to begin planning for migration to these new algorithms while maintaining current standards during the transition period.

Additional References

Again, I must emphasize that the field of post-quantum cryptography is evolving, and it is recommended to stay updated with the latest research and guidelines from NIST.

• NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Project: https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography
• Post Quantum Cryptography (Wikipedia): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography