betaflight-configurator/js/stm32.js

/*
    STM32 F103 serial bus seems to properly initialize with quite a huge auto-baud range
    From 921600 down to 1200, i don't recommend getting any lower then that
    Official "specs" are from 115200 to 1200
*/

var STM32_protocol = function() {
    this.hex; // ref
    this.verify_hex;

    this.receive_buffer;

    this.bytes_to_read = 0; // ref
    this.read_callback; // ref

    this.upload_time_start;
    this.upload_process_alive;

    this.status = {
        ACK:    0x79, // y
        NACK:   0x1F
    };

    this.command = {
        get:                    0x00, // Gets the version and the allowed commands supported by the current version of the bootloader
        get_ver_r_protect_s:    0x01, // Gets the bootloader version and the Read Protection status of the Flash memory
        get_ID:                 0x02, // Gets the chip ID
        read_memory:            0x11, // Reads up to 256 bytes of memory starting from an address specified by the application
        go:                     0x21, // Jumps to user application code located in the internal Flash memory or in SRAM
        write_memory:           0x31, // Writes up to 256 bytes to the RAM or Flash memory starting from an address specified by the application
        erase:                  0x43, // Erases from one to all the Flash memory pages
        extended_erase:         0x44, // Erases from one to all the Flash memory pages using two byte addressing mode (v3.0+ usart).
        write_protect:          0x63, // Enables the write protection for some sectors
        write_unprotect:        0x73, // Disables the write protection for all Flash memory sectors
        readout_protect:        0x82, // Enables the read protection
        readout_unprotect:      0x92  // Disables the read protection
    };

    // Erase (x043) and Extended Erase (0x44) are exclusive. A device may support either the Erase command or the Extended Erase command but not both.

    this.available_flash_size = 0;
    this.page_size = 0;
};

// no input parameters
STM32_protocol.prototype.connect = function(hex) {
    var self = this;
    self.hex = hex;

    var selected_port = String($('div#port-picker #port').val());
    var baud = parseInt($('div#port-picker #baud').val());

    if (selected_port != '0') {
        // popular choices - 921600, 460800, 256000, 230400, 153600, 128000, 115200, 57600, 38400, 28800, 19200
        var flashing_bitrate;

        switch (GUI.operating_system) {
            case 'Windows':
            case 'MacOS':
            case 'ChromeOS':
            case 'Linux':
            case 'UNIX':
                flashing_bitrate = 921600;
                break;

            default:
                flashing_bitrate = 115200;
        }

        if (!$('input.updating').is(':checked')) {
            serial.connect(selected_port, {bitrate: baud}, function(openInfo) {
                if (openInfo) {
                    console.log('Sending ascii "R" to reboot');

                    // we are connected, disabling connect button in the UI
                    GUI.connect_lock = true;

                    var bufferOut = new ArrayBuffer(1);
                    var bufferView = new Uint8Array(bufferOut);

                    bufferView[0] = 0x52;

                    serial.send(bufferOut, function() {
                        serial.disconnect(function(result) {
                            if (result) {
                                serial.connect(selected_port, {bitrate: flashing_bitrate, parityBit: 'even', stopBits: 'one'}, function(openInfo) {
                                    if (openInfo) {
                                        self.initialize();
                                    } else {
                                        GUI.log('<span style="color: red">Failed</span> to open serial port');
                                    }
                                });
                            } else {
                                GUI.connect_lock = false;
                            }
                        });
                    });
                } else {
                    GUI.log('<span style="color: red">Failed</span> to open serial port');
                }
            });
        } else {
            serial.connect(selected_port, {bitrate: flashing_bitrate, parityBit: 'even', stopBits: 'one'}, function(openInfo) {
                if (openInfo) {
                    // we are connected, disabling connect button in the UI
                    GUI.connect_lock = true;

                    self.initialize();
                } else {
                    GUI.log('<span style="color: red">Failed</span> to open serial port');
                }
            });
        }
    } else {
        console.log('Please select valid serial port');
        GUI.log('<span style="color: red">Please select valid serial port</span>');
    }
};

// initialize certain variables and start timers that oversee the communication
STM32_protocol.prototype.initialize = function() {
    var self = this;

    // reset and set some variables before we start
    self.receive_buffer = [];
    self.verify_hex = [];

    self.upload_time_start = microtime();
    self.upload_process_alive = false;

    // reset progress bar to initial state
    self.progress_bar_e = $('.progress');
    self.progress_bar_e.val(0);
    self.progress_bar_e.removeClass('valid invalid');

    serial.onReceive.addListener(function(info) {
        self.read(info);
    });

    GUI.interval_add('STM32_timeout', function() {
        if (self.upload_process_alive) { // process is running
            self.upload_process_alive = false;
        } else {
            console.log('STM32 - timed out, programming failed ...');
            GUI.log('STM32 - timed out, programming: <strong style="color: red">FAILED</strong>');

            // protocol got stuck, clear timer and disconnect
            GUI.interval_remove('STM32_timeout');

            // exit
            self.upload_procedure(99);
        }
    }, 2000);

    self.upload_procedure(1);
};

// no input parameters
// this method should be executed every 1 ms via interval timer
STM32_protocol.prototype.read = function(readInfo) {
    // routine that fills the buffer
    var data = new Uint8Array(readInfo.data);

    for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
        this.receive_buffer.push(data[i]);
    }

    // routine that fetches data from buffer if statement is true
    if (this.receive_buffer.length >= this.bytes_to_read && this.bytes_to_read != 0) {
        var data = this.receive_buffer.slice(0, this.bytes_to_read); // bytes requested
        this.receive_buffer.splice(0, this.bytes_to_read); // remove read bytes

        this.bytes_to_read = 0; // reset trigger

        this.read_callback(data);
    }
};

// we should always try to consume all "proper" available data while using retrieve
STM32_protocol.prototype.retrieve = function(n_bytes, callback) {
    if (this.receive_buffer.length >= n_bytes) {
        // data that we need are there, process immediately
        var data = this.receive_buffer.slice(0, n_bytes);
        this.receive_buffer.splice(0, n_bytes); // remove read bytes

        callback(data);
    } else {
        // still waiting for data, add callback
        this.bytes_to_read = n_bytes;
        this.read_callback = callback;
    }
};

// Array = array of bytes that will be send over serial
// bytes_to_read = received bytes necessary to trigger read_callback
// callback = function that will be executed after received bytes = bytes_to_read
STM32_protocol.prototype.send = function(Array, bytes_to_read, callback) {
    // flip flag
    this.upload_process_alive = true;

    var bufferOut = new ArrayBuffer(Array.length);
    var bufferView = new Uint8Array(bufferOut);

    // set Array values inside bufferView (alternative to for loop)
    bufferView.set(Array);

    // update references
    this.bytes_to_read = bytes_to_read;
    this.read_callback = callback;

    // empty receive buffer before next command is out
    this.receive_buffer = [];

    // send over the actual data
    serial.send(bufferOut, function(writeInfo) {});
};

// val = single byte to be verified
// data = response of n bytes from mcu (array)
// result = true/false
STM32_protocol.prototype.verify_response = function(val, data) {
    if (val != data[0]) {
        console.log('STM32 Communication failed, wrong response, expected: ' + val + ' received: ' + data[0]);
        GUI.log('STM32 Communication <span style="color: red">failed</span>, wrong response, expected: ' + val + ' received: ' + data[0]);

        // disconnect
        this.upload_procedure(99);

        return false;
    }

    return true;
};

// input = 16 bit value
// result = true/false
STM32_protocol.prototype.verify_chip_signature = function(signature) {
    switch (signature) {
        case 0x412: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 Low-density');
            break;
        case 0x410:
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 Medium-density');
            this.available_flash_size = 131072;
            this.page_size = 1024;
            break;
        case 0x414: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 High-density');
            break;
        case 0x418: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 Connectivity line');
            break;
        case 0x420:  // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 Medium-density value line');
            break;
        case 0x428: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 High-density value line');
            break;
        case 0x430: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F1 XL-density value line');
            break;
        case 0x416: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as L1 Medium-density ultralow power');
            break;
        case 0x436: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as L1 High-density ultralow power');
            break;
        case 0x427: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as L1 Medium-density plus ultralow power');
            break;
        case 0x411: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F2 STM32F2xxxx');
            break;
        case 0x440: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F0 STM32F051xx');
            break;
        case 0x444: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F0 STM32F050xx');
            break;
        case 0x413: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F4 STM32F40xxx/41xxx');
            break;
        case 0x419: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F4 STM32F427xx/437xx, STM32F429xx/439xx');
            break;
        case 0x432: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F3 STM32F37xxx, STM32F38xxx');
            break;
        case 0x422: // not tested
            console.log('Chip recognized as F3 STM32F30xxx, STM32F31xxx');
            break;
    }

    if (this.available_flash_size > 0) {
        if (this.hex.bytes_total < this.available_flash_size) {
            return true;
        } else {
            console.log('Supplied hex is bigger then flash available on the chip, HEX: ' + this.hex.bytes_total + ' bytes, limit = ' + this.available_flash_size + ' bytes');

            return false;
        }
    }

    console.log('Chip NOT recognized: ' + signature);

    return false;
};

// first_array = usually hex_to_flash array
// second_array = usually verify_hex array
// result = true/false
STM32_protocol.prototype.verify_flash = function(first_array, second_array) {
    for (var i = 0; i < first_array.length; i++) {
        if (first_array[i] != second_array[i]) {
            console.log('Verification failed on byte: ' + i + ' expected: 0x' + first_array[i].toString(16) + ' received: 0x' + second_array[i].toString(16));
            return false;
        }
    }

    console.log('Verification successful, matching: ' + first_array.length + ' bytes');

    return true;
};

// step = value depending on current state of upload_procedure
STM32_protocol.prototype.upload_procedure = function(step) {
    var self = this;

    switch (step) {
        case 1:
            // initialize serial interface on the MCU side, auto baud rate settings
            GUI.log('Contacting bootloader ...');

            var send_counter = 0;
            GUI.interval_add('stm32_initialize_mcu', function() { // 200 ms interval (just in case mcu was already initialized), we need to break the 2 bytes command requirement
                self.send([0x7F], 1, function(reply) {
                    if (reply[0] == 0x7F || reply[0] == self.status.ACK || reply[0] == self.status.NACK) {
                        GUI.interval_remove('stm32_initialize_mcu');
                        console.log('STM32 - Serial interface initialized on the MCU side');

                        // proceed to next step
                        self.upload_procedure(2);
                    } else {
                        GUI.interval_remove('stm32_initialize_mcu');
                        GUI.log('Communication with bootloader <span style="color: red">failed</span>');

                        // disconnect
                        self.upload_procedure(99);
                    }
                });

                if (send_counter++ > 3) {
                    // stop retrying, its too late to get any response from MCU
                    GUI.interval_remove('stm32_initialize_mcu');
                }
            }, 200, true);
            break;
        case 2:
            // get version of the bootloader and supported commands
            self.send([self.command.get, 0xFF], 2, function(data) { // 0x00 ^ 0xFF
                if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, data)) {
                    self.retrieve(data[1] + 1 + 1, function(data) { // data[1] = number of bytes that will follow [– 1 except current and ACKs]
                        console.log('STM32 - Bootloader version: ' + (parseInt(data[0].toString(16)) / 10).toFixed(1)); // convert dec to hex, hex to dec and add floating point

                        // proceed to next step
                        self.upload_procedure(3);
                    });
                }
            });
            break;
        case 3:
            // get ID (device signature)
            self.send([self.command.get_ID, 0xFD], 2, function(data) { // 0x01 ^ 0xFF
                if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, data)) {
                    self.retrieve(data[1] + 1 + 1, function(data) { // data[1] = number of bytes that will follow [– 1 (N = 1 for STM32), except for current byte and ACKs]
                        var signature = (data[0] << 8) | data[1];
                        console.log('STM32 - Signature: 0x' + signature.toString(16)); // signature in hex representation

                        if (self.verify_chip_signature(signature)) {
                            // proceed to next step
                            self.upload_procedure(4);
                        } else {
                            // disconnect
                            self.upload_procedure(99);
                        }
                    });
                }
            });
            break;
        case 4:
            // erase memory
            GUI.log('Erasing ...');

            if (!$('input.erase_chip').is(':checked')) {
                // EXPERIMENTAL
                console.log('Executing local erase (only needed pages)');

                self.send([self.command.erase, 0xBC], 1, function(reply) { // 0x43 ^ 0xFF
                    if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                        // the bootloader receives one byte that contains N, the number of pages to be erased – 1
                        var max_address = self.hex.data[self.hex.data.length - 1].address + self.hex.data[self.hex.data.length - 1].bytes - 0x8000000;
                        var erase_pages_n = Math.ceil(max_address / self.page_size);

                        var buff = [];
                        buff.push(erase_pages_n - 1);
                        var checksum = buff[0];
                        for (var i = 0; i < erase_pages_n; i++) {
                            buff.push(i);
                            checksum ^= i;
                        }
                        buff.push(checksum);

                        self.send(buff, 1, function(reply) {
                            if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                console.log('Erasing: done');
                                // proceed to next step
                                self.upload_procedure(5);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });
            } else {
                console.log('Executing global chip erase');

                self.send([self.command.erase, 0xBC], 1, function(reply) { // 0x43 ^ 0xFF
                    if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                        self.send([0xFF, 0x00], 1, function(reply) {
                            if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                console.log('Erasing: done');
                                // proceed to next step
                                self.upload_procedure(5);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
            break;
        case 5:
            // upload
            console.log('Writing data ...');
            GUI.log('Flashing ...');

            var blocks = self.hex.data.length - 1;
            var flashing_block = 0;
            var address = self.hex.data[flashing_block].address;

            var bytes_flashed = 0;
            var bytes_flashed_total = 0; // used for progress bar

            function write() {
                if (bytes_flashed < self.hex.data[flashing_block].bytes) {
                    var bytes_to_write = ((bytes_flashed + 256) <= self.hex.data[flashing_block].bytes) ? 256 : (self.hex.data[flashing_block].bytes - bytes_flashed);

                    // console.log('STM32 - Writing to: 0x' + address.toString(16) + ', ' + bytes_to_write + ' bytes');

                    self.send([self.command.write_memory, 0xCE], 1, function(reply) { // 0x31 ^ 0xFF
                        if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                            // address needs to be transmitted as 32 bit integer, we need to bit shift each byte out and then calculate address checksum
                            var address_arr = [(address >> 24), (address >> 16), (address >> 8), address];
                            var address_checksum = address_arr[0] ^ address_arr[1] ^ address_arr[2] ^ address_arr[3];

                            self.send([address_arr[0], address_arr[1], address_arr[2], address_arr[3], address_checksum], 1, function(reply) { // write start address + checksum
                                if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                    var array_out = new Array(bytes_to_write + 2); // 2 byte overhead [N, ...., checksum]
                                    array_out[0] = bytes_to_write - 1; // number of bytes to be written (to write 128 bytes, N must be 127, to write 256 bytes, N must be 255)

                                    var checksum = array_out[0];
                                    for (var i = 0; i < bytes_to_write; i++) {
                                        array_out[i + 1] = self.hex.data[flashing_block].data[bytes_flashed]; // + 1 because of the first byte offset
                                        checksum ^= self.hex.data[flashing_block].data[bytes_flashed];

                                        bytes_flashed++;
                                    }
                                    array_out[array_out.length - 1] = checksum; // checksum (last byte in the array_out array)

                                    address += bytes_to_write;
                                    bytes_flashed_total += bytes_to_write;

                                    self.send(array_out, 1, function(reply) {
                                        if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                            // update progress bar
                                            self.progress_bar_e.val(bytes_flashed_total / (self.hex.bytes_total * 2) * 100);

                                            // flash another page
                                            write();
                                        }
                                    });
                                }
                            });
                        }
                    });
                } else {
                    // move to another block
                    if (flashing_block < blocks) {
                        flashing_block++;

                        address = self.hex.data[flashing_block].address;
                        bytes_flashed = 0;

                        write();
                    } else {
                        // all blocks flashed
                        console.log('Writing: done');

                        // proceed to next step
                        self.upload_procedure(6);
                    }
                }
            }

            // start writing
            write();
            break;
        case 6:
            // verify
            console.log('Verifying data ...');
            GUI.log('Verifying ...');

            var blocks = self.hex.data.length - 1;
            var reading_block = 0;
            var address = self.hex.data[reading_block].address;

            var bytes_verified = 0;
            var bytes_verified_total = 0; // used for progress bar

            // initialize arrays
            for (var i = 0; i <= blocks; i++) {
                self.verify_hex.push([]);
            }

            function reading() {
                if (bytes_verified < self.hex.data[reading_block].bytes) {
                    var bytes_to_read = ((bytes_verified + 256) <= self.hex.data[reading_block].bytes) ? 256 : (self.hex.data[reading_block].bytes - bytes_verified);

                    // console.log('STM32 - Reading from: 0x' + address.toString(16) + ', ' + bytes_to_read + ' bytes');

                    self.send([self.command.read_memory, 0xEE], 1, function(reply) { // 0x11 ^ 0xFF
                        if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                            var address_arr = [(address >> 24), (address >> 16), (address >> 8), address];
                            var address_checksum = address_arr[0] ^ address_arr[1] ^ address_arr[2] ^ address_arr[3];

                            self.send([address_arr[0], address_arr[1], address_arr[2], address_arr[3], address_checksum], 1, function(reply) { // read start address + checksum
                                if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                    var bytes_to_read_n = bytes_to_read - 1;

                                    self.send([bytes_to_read_n, (~bytes_to_read_n) & 0xFF], 1, function(reply) { // bytes to be read + checksum XOR(complement of bytes_to_read_n)
                                        if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                                            self.retrieve(bytes_to_read, function(data) {
                                                for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
                                                    self.verify_hex[reading_block].push(data[i]);
                                                }

                                                address += bytes_to_read;
                                                bytes_verified += bytes_to_read;
                                                bytes_verified_total += bytes_to_read;

                                                // update progress bar
                                                self.progress_bar_e.val((self.hex.bytes_total + bytes_verified_total) / (self.hex.bytes_total * 2) * 100);

                                                // verify another page
                                                reading();
                                            });
                                        }
                                    });
                                }
                            });
                        }
                    });
                } else {
                    // move to another block
                    if (reading_block < blocks) {
                        reading_block++;

                        address = self.hex.data[reading_block].address;
                        bytes_verified = 0;

                        reading();
                    } else {
                        // all blocks read, verify

                        var verify = true;
                        for (var i = 0; i <= blocks; i++) {
                            verify = self.verify_flash(self.hex.data[i].data, self.verify_hex[i]);

                            if (!verify) break;
                        }

                        if (verify) {
                            console.log('Programming: SUCCESSFUL');
                            GUI.log('Programming: <strong style="color: green">SUCCESSFUL</strong>');

                            // update progress bar
                            self.progress_bar_e.addClass('valid');

                            // proceed to next step
                            self.upload_procedure(7);
                        } else {
                            console.log('Programming: FAILED');
                            GUI.log('Programming: <strong style="color: red">FAILED</strong>');

                            // update progress bar
                            self.progress_bar_e.addClass('invalid');

                            // disconnect
                            self.upload_procedure(99);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // start reading
            reading();
            break;
        case 7:
            // go
            // memory address = 4 bytes, 1st high byte, 4th low byte, 5th byte = checksum XOR(byte 1, byte 2, byte 3, byte 4)
            console.log('Sending GO command: 0x8000000');

            self.send([self.command.go, 0xDE], 1, function(reply) { // 0x21 ^ 0xFF
                if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                    var gt_address = 0x8000000;
                    var address = [(gt_address >> 24), (gt_address >> 16), (gt_address >> 8), gt_address];
                    var address_checksum = address[0] ^ address[1] ^ address[2] ^ address[3];

                    self.send([address[0], address[1], address[2], address[3], address_checksum], 1, function(reply) {
                        if (self.verify_response(self.status.ACK, reply)) {
                            // disconnect
                            self.upload_procedure(99);
                        }
                    });
                }
            });
            break;
        case 99:
            // disconnect
            GUI.interval_remove('STM32_timeout'); // stop STM32 timeout timer (everything is finished now)

            console.log('Script finished after: ' + (microtime() - self.upload_time_start).toFixed(4) + ' seconds');

            // close connection
            serial.disconnect(function(result) {
                if (result) { // All went as expected
                } else { // Something went wrong
                }

                PortUsage.reset();

                // unlocking connect button
                GUI.connect_lock = false;
            });
            break;
    }
};

// initialize object
var STM32 = new STM32_protocol();