metasploit-framework/lib/packetfu/packet.rb

335 lines
12 KiB
Ruby

module PacketFu
# Packet is the parent class of EthPacket, IPPacket, UDPPacket, TCPPacket, and all
# other packets.
class Packet
attr_reader :flavor # Packet Headers are responsible for their own specific flavor methods.
# Parse() creates the correct packet type based on the data, and returns the apporpiate
# Packet subclass.
#
# There is an assumption here that all incoming packets are either EthPacket
# or InvalidPacket types.
#
# New packet types should get an entry here.
def self.parse(packet,args={})
if packet.size >= 14 # Min size for Ethernet. No check for max size, yet.
case packet[12,2] # Check the Eth protocol field.
when "\x08\x00" # It's IP.
case (packet[14,1][0] >> 4) # Check the IP version field.
when 4; # It's IPv4.
case packet[23,1] # Check the IP protocol field.
when "\x06"; p = TCPPacket.new # Returns a TCPPacket.
when "\x11"; p = UDPPacket.new # Returns a UDPPacket.
when "\x01"; p = ICMPPacket.new # Returns an ICMPPacket.
else; p = IPPacket.new # Returns an IPPacket since we can't tell the transport layer.
end
else; p = EthPacket.new # Returns an EthPacket since we don't know any other IP version.
end
when "\x08\x06" # It's arp
if packet.size >= 28 # Min size for complete arp
p = ARPPacket.new
else; p = EthPacket.new # Returns an EthPacket since we can't deal with tiny arps.
end
when "\x86\xdd" # It's IPv6
if packet.size >= 54 # Min size for a complete IPv6 packet.
p = IPv6Packet.new
else; p = EthPacket.new # Returns an EthPacket since we can't deal with tiny Ipv6.
end
else; p = EthPacket.new # Returns an EthPacket since we can't tell the network layer.
end
else
p = InvalidPacket.new # Not the right size for Ethernet (jumbo frames are okay)
end
p.read(packet,args)
return p
end
#
# These methods are overridden for specific types of packets
# This allows easy identification of the packet type
#
def ip?; false; end
def tcp?; false; end
def udp?; false; end
def icmp?; false; end
def arp?; false; end
def ipv6?; false; end
def ethernet?; false; end
def invalid?; false; end
#method_missing() delegates protocol-specific field actions to the apporpraite
#class variable (which contains the associated packet type)
#This register-of-protocols style switch will work for the
#forseeable future (there aren't /that/ many packet types), and it's a handy
#way to know at a glance what packet types are supported.
def method_missing(sym, *args)
case sym.to_s
when /^invalid_/
@invalid_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^eth_/
@eth_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^arp_/
@arp_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^ip_/
@ip_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^icmp_/
@icmp_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^udp_/
@udp_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^tcp_/
@tcp_header.send(sym,*args)
when /^ipv6_/
@ipv6_header.send(sym,*args)
else
raise NoMethodError, "Unknown method `#{sym}' for this packet object."
end
end
# Get the binary string of the entire packet.
def to_s
@headers[0].to_s
end
# In the event of no proper decoding, at least send it to the inner-most header.
def read(io)
@headers[0].read(io)
end
# In the event of no proper decoding, at least send it to the inner-most header.
def write(io)
@headers[0].write(io)
end
# Get the outermost payload (body) of the packet; this is why all packet headers
# should have a body type.
def payload
@headers.last.body
end
# Set the outermost payload (body) of the packet.
def payload=(args)
@headers.last.body=(args)
end
# Put the entire packet into a libpcap file.
def to_f(filename=nil)
PacketFu::Write.a2f(:file=> filename || PacketFu::Config.new.config[:pcapfile],
:arr=>[@headers[0].to_s])
end
# Put the entire packet on the wire by creating a temporary PacketFu::Inject object.
# TODO: Do something with auto-checksumming?
def to_w(iface=nil)
inj = PacketFu::Inject.new(:iface => (iface || PacketFu::Config.new.config[:iface]))
inj.array = [@headers[0].to_s]
inj.inject
end
# Recalculates all the calcuated fields for all headers in the packet.
# This is important since read() wipes out all the calculated fields
# such as length and checksum and what all.
# TODO: Is there a better way to ensure I get the correct checksum?
# This way is pretty easy; third time is, indeed, the charm.
def recalc(arg=:all)
3.times do # XXX: This is a silly fix, surely there's a better way.
case arg
when :ip
ip_recalc(:all)
when :udp
udp_recalc(:all)
when :tcp
tcp_recalc(:all)
when :all
ip_recalc(:all) if @ip_header
udp_recalc(:all) if @udp_header
tcp_recalc(:all) if @tcp_header
else
raise ArgumentError, "Recalculating `#{arg}' unsupported. Try :all"
end
end
@headers[0]
end
# Read() takes (and trusts) the io input and shoves it all into a well-formed Packet.
# Note that read is a destructive process, so any existing data will be lost.
#
# TODO: This giant if tree is a mess, and worse, is decieving. You need to define
# actions both here and in parse(). All read() does is make a (good) guess as to
# what @headers to expect, and reads data to them.
#
# To take strings and turn them into packets without knowing ahead of time what kind of
# packet it is, use Packet.parse instead; parse() handles the figuring-out part.
#
# A note on the :strip => true argument: If :strip is set, defined lengths of data will
# be believed, and any trailers (such as frame check sequences) will be chopped off. This
# helps to ensure well-formed packets, at the cost of losing perhaps important FCS data.
#
# If :strip is false, header lengths are /not/ believed, and all data will be piped in.
# When capturing from the wire, this is usually fine, but recalculating the length before
# saving or re-transmitting will absolutely change the data payload; FCS data will become
# part of the TCP data as far as tcp_len is concerned. Some effort has been made to preserve
# the "real" payload for the purposes of checksums, but currently, it's impossible to seperate
# new payload data from old trailers, so things like pkt.payload += "some data" will not work
# correctly.
#
# So, to summarize; if you intend to alter the data, use :strip. If you don't, don't.
def read(io,args={})
if io.size >= 14
@eth_header.read(io[0,14])
eth_proto_num = io[12,2].unpack("n")[0]
if eth_proto_num == 0x0800 # It's IP.
ip_hlen=(io[14] & 0x0f) * 4
ip_proto_num = io[23,1].unpack("C")[0]
@ip_header.read(io[14,ip_hlen])
@eth_header.body = @ip_header
if ip_proto_num == 0x06 # It's TCP.
tcp_len = io[16,2].unpack("n")[0] - 20
if args[:strip] # Drops trailers like frame check sequence (FCS). Often desired for cleaner packets.
tcp_all = io[ip_hlen+14,tcp_len] # Believe the tcp_len value; chop off anything that's not in range.
else
tcp_all = io[ip_hlen+14,0xffff] # Don't believe the tcp_len value; suck everything up.
end
tcp_hlen = ((tcp_all[12,1].unpack("C")[0]) >> 4) * 4
tcp_opts = tcp_all[20,tcp_hlen-20]
tcp_body = tcp_all[tcp_hlen,0xffff]
@tcp_header.read(tcp_all[0,20])
@tcp_header.tcp_opts=tcp_opts
@tcp_header.body=tcp_body
@ip_header.body = @tcp_header
elsif ip_proto_num == 0x11 # It's UDP.
udp_len = io[16,2].unpack("n")[0] - 20
if args[:strip] # Same deal as with TCP. We might have stuff at the end of the packet that's not part of the payload.
@udp_header.read(io[ip_hlen+14,udp_len])
else # ... Suck it all up. BTW, this will change the lengths if they are ever recalc'ed. Bummer.
@udp_header.read(io[ip_hlen+14,0xffff])
end
@ip_header.body = @udp_header
elsif ip_proto_num == 1 # It's ICMP
@icmp_header.read(io[ip_hlen+14,0xffff])
@ip_header.body = @icmp_header
else # It's an IP packet for a protocol we don't have a decoder for.
@ip_header.body = io[16,io.size-16]
end
@eth_header.body = @ip_header
elsif eth_proto_num == 0x0806 # It's ARP
@arp_header.read(io[14,0xffff]) # You'll nearly have a trailer and you'll never know what size.
@eth_header.body=@arp_header
elsif eth_proto_num == 0x86dd # It's IPv6
@ipv6_header.read(io[14,0xffff])
@eth_header.body=@ipv6_header
else # It's an Ethernet packet for a protocol we don't have a decoder for
@eth_header.body = io[14,io.size-14]
end
if (args[:fix] || args[:recalc])
# Unfortunately, we cannot simply recalc with abandon, since
# we may have unaccounted trailers that will sneak into the checksum.
# The better way to handle this is to put trailers in their own
# BinData field, but I'm not a-gonna right now. :/
ip_recalc(:ip_sum) if respond_to? :ip_header
recalc(:tcp) if respond_to? :tcp_header
recalc(:udp) if respond_to? :udp_header
end
else # You're not big enough for Ethernet.
@invalid_header.read(io)
end
@headers[0]
end
# Peek provides summary data on packet contents.
# Each packet type should provide its own peek method, and shouldn't exceed 80 characters wide (for
# easy reading in normal irb shells). If they don't, this default summary will step in.
def peek(args={})
peek_data = ["? "]
peek_data << "%-5d" % self.to_s.size
peek_data << "%68s" % self.to_s[0,34].unpack("H*")[0]
peek_data.join
end
# Hexify provides a neatly-formatted dump of binary data, familar to hex readers.
def hexify(str)
hexascii_lines = str.to_s.unpack("H*")[0].scan(/.{1,32}/)
chars = str.to_s.gsub(/[\x00-\x1f\x7f-\xff]/,'.')
chars_lines = chars.scan(/.{1,16}/)
ret = []
hexascii_lines.size.times {|i| ret << "%-48s %s" % [hexascii_lines[i].gsub(/(.{2})/,"\\1 "),chars_lines[i]]}
ret.join("\n")
end
# Returns a hex-formatted representation of the packet.
#
# ==== Arguments
#
# 0..9 : If a number is given only the layer in @header[arg] will be displayed. Note that this will include all @headers included in that header.
# :layers : If :layers is specified, the dump will return an array of headers by layer level.
# :all : An alias for arg=0.
#
# ==== Examples
#
# irb(main):003:0> pkt = TCPPacket.new
# irb(main):003:0> puts pkt.inspect_hex(:layers)
# 00 1a c5 00 00 00 00 1a c5 00 00 00 08 00 45 00 ..............E.
# 00 28 83 ce 00 00 ff 06 38 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 .(......8.......
# 00 00 a6 0f 00 00 ac 89 7b 26 00 00 00 00 50 00 ........{&....P.
# 40 00 a2 25 00 00 @..%..
# 45 00 00 28 83 ce 00 00 ff 06 38 02 00 00 00 00 E..(......8.....
# 00 00 00 00 a6 0f 00 00 ac 89 7b 26 00 00 00 00 ..........{&....
# 50 00 40 00 a2 25 00 00 P.@..%..
# a6 0f 00 00 ac 89 7b 26 00 00 00 00 50 00 40 00 ......{&....P.@.
# a2 25 00 00 .%..
# => nil
# irb(main):004:0> puts pkt.inspect_hex(:layers)[2]
# a6 0f 00 00 ac 89 7b 26 00 00 00 00 50 00 40 00 ......{&....P.@.
# a2 25 00 00 .%..
# => nil
#
def inspect_hex(arg=0)
case arg
when :layers
ret = []
@headers.size.times do |i|
ret << hexify(@headers[i])
end
ret
when (0..9)
if @headers[arg]
hexify(@headers[arg])
else
nil
end
when :all
inspect_hex(0)
end
end
# For packets, inspect is overloaded as inspect_hex(0).
# Not sure if this is a great idea yet, but it sure makes
# the irb output more sane.
def inspect
self.inspect_hex
end
# Returns the size of the packet (as a binary string)
def size
self.to_s.size
end
alias_method :length, :size
def initialize(args={})
if args[:config]
args[:config].each_pair do |k,v|
case k
when :eth_daddr; @eth_header.eth_daddr=v if @eth_header
when :eth_saddr; @eth_header.eth_saddr=v if @eth_header
when :ip_saddr; @ip_header.ip_saddr=v if @ip_header
end
end
end
end
end # class Packet
end # module PacketFu