Empire/lib/common/encryption.py

349 lines
16 KiB
Python

"""
Empire encryption functions.
Includes:
pad() - performs PKCS#7 padding
depad() - Performs PKCS#7 depadding
rsa_xml_to_key() - parses a PowerShell RSA xml import and builds a M2Crypto object
rsa_encrypt() - encrypts data using the M2Crypto crypto object
aes_encrypt() - encrypts data using a pyCrypto AES object
aes_encrypt_then_hmac() - encrypts and SHA256 HMACs data using a pyCrypto AES object
aes_decrypt() - decrypts data using a pyCrypto AES object
verify_hmac() - verifies a SHA256 HMAC for a data blob
aes_decrypt_and_verify() - AES decrypts data if the HMAC is validated
generate_aes_key() - generates a ranodm AES key using pyCrypto's Random functionality
rc4() - encrypt/decrypt a data blob using an RC4 key
DiffieHellman() - Mark Loiseau's DiffieHellman implementation, see ./data/licenses/ for license info
"""
import base64
import hashlib
import hmac
import string
import M2Crypto
from xml.dom.minidom import parseString
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto import Random
from Crypto.Random import random
from binascii import hexlify
def to_bufferable(binary):
return binary
def _get_byte(c):
return ord(c)
# Python 3 compatibility stuffz
try:
xrange
except Exception:
xrange = range
def to_bufferable(binary):
if isinstance(binary, bytes):
return binary
return bytes(ord(b) for b in binary)
def _get_byte(c):
return c
# If a secure random number generator is unavailable, exit with an error.
try:
import ssl
random_function = ssl.RAND_bytes
random_provider = "Python SSL"
except (AttributeError, ImportError):
import OpenSSL
random_function = OpenSSL.rand.bytes
random_provider = "OpenSSL"
def pad(data):
"""
Performs PKCS#7 padding for 128 bit block size.
"""
pad = 16 - (len(data) % 16)
return data + to_bufferable(chr(pad) * pad)
# return str(s) + chr(16 - len(str(s)) % 16) * (16 - len(str(s)) % 16)
def depad(data):
"""
Performs PKCS#7 depadding for 128 bit block size.
"""
if len(data) % 16 != 0:
raise ValueError("invalid length")
pad = _get_byte(data[-1])
return data[:-pad]
# return s[:-(ord(s[-1]))]
def rsa_xml_to_key(xml):
"""
Parse powershell RSA.ToXmlString() public key string and
return a M2Crypto key object.
Used during PowerShell RSA-EKE key exchange in agents.py.
Reference- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10367072/m2crypto-import-keys-from-non-standard-file
"""
try:
# parse the xml DOM and extract the exponent/modulus
dom = parseString(xml)
e = base64.b64decode(dom.getElementsByTagName('Exponent')[0].childNodes[0].data)
n = base64.b64decode(dom.getElementsByTagName('Modulus')[0].childNodes[0].data)
# build the new key
key = M2Crypto.RSA.new_pub_key((
M2Crypto.m2.bn_to_mpi(M2Crypto.m2.hex_to_bn(hexlify(e))),
M2Crypto.m2.bn_to_mpi(M2Crypto.m2.hex_to_bn(hexlify(n))),
))
return key
# if there's an XML parsing error, return None
except:
return None
def rsa_encrypt(key, data):
"""
Take a M2Crypto key object and use it to encrypt the passed data.
"""
return key.public_encrypt(data, M2Crypto.RSA.pkcs1_padding)
def aes_encrypt(key, data):
"""
Generate a random IV and new AES cipher object with the given
key, and return IV + encryptedData.
"""
IV = Random.new().read(16)
cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, IV)
return IV + cipher.encrypt(pad(data))
def aes_encrypt_then_hmac(key, data):
"""
Encrypt the data then calculate HMAC over the ciphertext.
"""
data = aes_encrypt(key, data)
mac = hmac.new(str(key), data, hashlib.sha256).digest()
return data + mac[0:10]
def aes_decrypt(key, data):
"""
Generate an AES cipher object, pull out the IV from the data
and return the unencrypted data.
"""
if len(data) > 16:
IV = data[0:16]
cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CBC, IV)
return depad(cipher.decrypt(data[16:]))
def verify_hmac(key, data):
"""
Verify the HMAC supplied in the data with the given key.
"""
if len(data) > 20:
mac = data[-10:]
data = data[:-10]
expected = hmac.new(key, data, hashlib.sha256).digest()[0:10]
# Double HMAC to prevent timing attacks. hmac.compare_digest() is
# preferable, but only available since Python 2.7.7.
return hmac.new(str(key), expected).digest() == hmac.new(str(key), mac).digest()
else:
return False
def aes_decrypt_and_verify(key, data):
"""
Decrypt the data, but only if it has a valid MAC.
"""
if len(data) > 32 and verify_hmac(key, data):
return aes_decrypt(key, data[:-10])
raise Exception("Invalid ciphertext received.")
def generate_aes_key():
"""
Generate a random new 128-bit AES key using Pycrypto's secure Random functions.
"""
punctuation = '!#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~'
return ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits + '!#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~', 32))
def rc4(key, data):
"""
RC4 encrypt/decrypt the given data input with the specified key.
From: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/29607753/how-to-decrypt-a-file-that-encrypted-with-rc4-using-python
"""
S, j, out = range(256), 0, []
# KSA Phase
for i in range(256):
j = (j + S[i] + ord(key[i % len(key)])) % 256
S[i], S[j] = S[j], S[i]
# PRGA Phase
i = j = 0
for char in data:
i = (i + 1) % 256
j = (j + S[i]) % 256
S[i], S[j] = S[j], S[i]
out.append(chr(ord(char) ^ S[(S[i] + S[j]) % 256]))
return ''.join(out)
class DiffieHellman(object):
"""
A reference implementation of the Diffie-Hellman protocol.
By default, this class uses the 6144-bit MODP Group (Group 17) from RFC 3526.
This prime is sufficient to generate an AES 256 key when used with
a 540+ bit exponent.
Authored by Mark Loiseau's implementation at https://github.com/lowazo/pyDHE
version 3.0 of the GNU General Public License
see ./data/licenses/pyDHE_license.txt for license info
Also used in ./data/agent/stager.py for the Python key-negotiation stager
"""
def __init__(self, generator=2, group=17, keyLength=540):
"""
Generate the public and private keys.
"""
min_keyLength = 180
default_generator = 2
valid_generators = [2, 3, 5, 7]
# Sanity check fors generator and keyLength
if(generator not in valid_generators):
print("Error: Invalid generator. Using default.")
self.generator = default_generator
else:
self.generator = generator
if(keyLength < min_keyLength):
print("Error: keyLength is too small. Setting to minimum.")
self.keyLength = min_keyLength
else:
self.keyLength = keyLength
self.prime = self.getPrime(group)
self.privateKey = self.genPrivateKey(keyLength)
self.publicKey = self.genPublicKey()
def getPrime(self, group=17):
"""
Given a group number, return a prime.
"""
default_group = 17
primes = {
5: 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFC90FDAA22168C234C4C6628B80DC1CD129024E088A67CC74020BBEA63B139B22514A08798E3404DDEF9519B3CD3A431B302B0A6DF25F14374FE1356D6D51C245E485B576625E7EC6F44C42E9A637ED6B0BFF5CB6F406B7EDEE386BFB5A899FA5AE9F24117C4B1FE649286651ECE45B3DC2007CB8A163BF0598DA48361C55D39A69163FA8FD24CF5F83655D23DCA3AD961C62F356208552BB9ED529077096966D670C354E4ABC9804F1746C08CA237327FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF,
14: 0x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
15: 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
16: 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
17:
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
18:
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
}
if group in primes.keys():
return primes[group]
else:
print("Error: No prime with group %i. Using default." % group)
return primes[default_group]
def genRandom(self, bits):
"""
Generate a random number with the specified number of bits
"""
_rand = 0
_bytes = bits // 8 + 8
while(len(bin(_rand))-2 < bits):
try:
# Python 3
_rand = int.from_bytes(random_function(_bytes), byteorder='big')
except:
# Python 2
_rand = int(OpenSSL.rand.bytes(_bytes).encode('hex'), 16)
return _rand
def genPrivateKey(self, bits):
"""
Generate a private key using a secure random number generator.
"""
return self.genRandom(bits)
def genPublicKey(self):
"""
Generate a public key X with g**x % p.
"""
return pow(self.generator, self.privateKey, self.prime)
def checkPublicKey(self, otherKey):
"""
Check the other party's public key to make sure it's valid.
Since a safe prime is used, verify that the Legendre symbol == 1
"""
if(otherKey > 2 and otherKey < self.prime - 1):
if(pow(otherKey, (self.prime - 1)//2, self.prime) == 1):
return True
return False
def genSecret(self, privateKey, otherKey):
"""
Check to make sure the public key is valid, then combine it with the
private key to generate a shared secret.
"""
if(self.checkPublicKey(otherKey) is True):
sharedSecret = pow(otherKey, privateKey, self.prime)
return sharedSecret
else:
raise Exception("Invalid public key.")
def genKey(self, otherKey):
"""
Derive the shared secret, then hash it to obtain the shared key.
"""
self.sharedSecret = self.genSecret(self.privateKey, otherKey)
# Convert the shared secret (int) to an array of bytes in network order
# Otherwise hashlib can't hash it.
try:
_sharedSecretBytes = self.sharedSecret.to_bytes(
len(bin(self.sharedSecret))-2 // 8 + 1, byteorder="big")
except AttributeError:
_sharedSecretBytes = str(self.sharedSecret)
s = hashlib.sha256()
s.update(bytes(_sharedSecretBytes))
self.key = s.digest()
def getKey(self):
"""
Return the shared secret key
"""
return self.key