id: error-based-sql-injection

info:
  name: Error based SQL injection
  author: geeknik
  severity: critical
  description: Detects potential SQL injection via error strings in 29 database engines. Inspired by https://github.com/sqlmapproject/sqlmap/blob/master/data/xml/errors.xml.
  classification:
    cvss-metrics: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    cvss-score: 9.8
    cwe-id: CWE-89
  tags: sqli,generic,error
  metadata:
    max-request: 1

http:
  - method: GET
    path:
      - "{{BaseURL}}/'"

    matchers-condition: and
    matchers:
      - type: word
        words:
          - "Adminer"
        # False Positive
        part: body
        negative: true

      - type: regex
        regex:
          # MySQL
          - "SQL syntax.*?MySQL"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wmysqli?_"
          - "MySQLSyntaxErrorException"
          - "valid MySQL result"
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your MySQL server version"
          - "Unknown column '[^ ]+' in 'field list'"
          - "MySqlClient\\."
          - "com\\.mysql\\.jdbc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Mysqli_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Mysql"
          - "MySqlException"
          - "SQLSTATE\\[\\d+\\]: Syntax error or access violation"
          # MariaDB
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your MariaDB server version"
          # Drizzle
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your Drizzle server version"
          # MemSQL
          - "MemSQL does not support this type of query"
          - "is not supported by MemSQL"
          - "unsupported nested scalar subselect"
          # PostgreSQL
          - "PostgreSQL.*?ERROR"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wpg_"
          - "valid PostgreSQL result"
          - "Npgsql\\."
          - "PG::SyntaxError:"
          - "org\\.postgresql\\.util\\.PSQLException"
          - "ERROR:\\s\\ssyntax error at or near"
          - "ERROR: parser: parse error at or near"
          - "PostgreSQL query failed"
          - "org\\.postgresql\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Pgsql"
          - "PSQLException"
          # Microsoft SQL Server
          - "Driver.*? SQL[\\-\\_\\ ]*Server"
          - "OLE DB.*? SQL Server"
          - "\\bSQL Server[^<"]+Driver"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(mssql|sqlsrv)_"
          - "\\bSQL Server[^<"]+[0-9a-fA-F]{8}"
          - "System\\.Data\\.SqlClient\\.SqlException\\.(SqlException|SqlConnection\\.OnError)"
          - "(?s)Exception.*?\\bRoadhouse\\.Cms\\."
          - "Microsoft SQL Native Client error '[0-9a-fA-F]{8}"
          - "\\[SQL Server\\]"
          - "ODBC SQL Server Driver"
          - "ODBC Driver \\d+ for SQL Server"
          - "SQLServer JDBC Driver"
          - "com\\.jnetdirect\\.jsql"
          - "macromedia\\.jdbc\\.sqlserver"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Sqlsrv_Exception"
          - "com\\.microsoft\\.sqlserver\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\](Mssql|SqlSrv)"
          - "SQL(Srv|Server)Exception"
          - "Unclosed quotation mark after the character string"
          # Microsoft Access
          - "Microsoft Access (\\d+ )?Driver"
          - "JET Database Engine"
          - "Access Database Engine"
          - "ODBC Microsoft Access"
          - "Syntax error \\(missing operator\\) in query expression"
          # Oracle
          - "\\bORA-\\d{5}"
          - "Oracle error"
          - "Oracle.*?Driver"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(oci|ora)_"
          - "quoted string not properly terminated"
          - "SQL command not properly ended"
          - "macromedia\\.jdbc\\.oracle"
          - "oracle\\.jdbc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Oracle_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\](Oracle|OCI)"
          - "OracleException"
          # IBM DB2
          - "CLI Driver.*?DB2"
          - "DB2 SQL error"
          - "\\bdb2_\\w+\\("
          - "SQLCODE[=:\\d, -]+SQLSTATE"
          - "com\\.ibm\\.db2\\.jcc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Db2_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Ibm"
          - "DB2Exception"
          - "ibm_db_dbi\\.ProgrammingError"
          # Informix
          - "Warning.*?\\Wifx_"
          - "Exception.*?Informix"
          - "Informix ODBC Driver"
          - "ODBC Informix driver"
          - "com\\.informix\\.jdbc"
          - "weblogic\\.jdbc\\.informix"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Informix"
          - "IfxException"
          # Firebird
          - "Dynamic SQL Error"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wibase_"
          - "org\\.firebirdsql\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Firebird"
          # SQLite
          - "SQLite/JDBCDriver"
          - "SQLite\\.Exception"
          - "(Microsoft|System)\\.Data\\.SQLite\\.SQLiteException"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(sqlite_|SQLite3::)"
          - "\\[SQLITE_ERROR\\]"
          - "SQLite error \\d+:"
          - "sqlite3.OperationalError:"
          - "SQLite3::SQLException"
          - "org\\.sqlite\\.JDBC"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Sqlite"
          - "SQLiteException"
          # SAP MaxDB
          - "SQL error.*?POS([0-9]+)"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wmaxdb_"
          - "DriverSapDB"
          - "-3014.*?Invalid end of SQL statement"
          - "com\\.sap\\.dbtech\\.jdbc"
          - "\\[-3008\\].*?: Invalid keyword or missing delimiter"
          # Sybase
          - "Warning.*?\\Wsybase_"
          - "Sybase message"
          - "Sybase.*?Server message"
          - "SybSQLException"
          - "Sybase\\.Data\\.AseClient"
          - "com\\.sybase\\.jdbc"
          # Ingres
          - "Warning.*?\\Wingres_"
          - "Ingres SQLSTATE"
          - "Ingres\\W.*?Driver"
          - "com\\.ingres\\.gcf\\.jdbc"
          # FrontBase
          - "Exception (condition )?\\d+\\. Transaction rollback"
          - "com\\.frontbase\\.jdbc"
          - "Syntax error 1. Missing"
          - "(Semantic|Syntax) error [1-4]\\d{2}\\."
          # HSQLDB
          - "Unexpected end of command in statement \\["
          - "Unexpected token.*?in statement \\["
          - "org\\.hsqldb\\.jdbc"
          # H2
          - "org\\.h2\\.jdbc"
          - "\\[42000-192\\]"
          # MonetDB
          - "![0-9]{5}![^\\n]+(failed|unexpected|error|syntax|expected|violation|exception)"
          - "\\[MonetDB\\]\\[ODBC Driver"
          - "nl\\.cwi\\.monetdb\\.jdbc"
          # Apache Derby
          - "Syntax error: Encountered"
          - "org\\.apache\\.derby"
          - "ERROR 42X01"
          # Vertica
          - ", Sqlstate: (3F|42).{3}, (Routine|Hint|Position):"
          - "/vertica/Parser/scan"
          - "com\\.vertica\\.jdbc"
          - "org\\.jkiss\\.dbeaver\\.ext\\.vertica"
          - "com\\.vertica\\.dsi\\.dataengine"
          # Mckoi
          - "com\\.mckoi\\.JDBCDriver"
          - "com\\.mckoi\\.database\\.jdbc"
          - "<REGEX_LITERAL>"
          # Presto
          - "com\\.facebook\\.presto\\.jdbc"
          - "io\\.prestosql\\.jdbc"
          - "com\\.simba\\.presto\\.jdbc"
          - "UNION query has different number of fields: \\d+, \\d+"
          # Altibase
          - "Altibase\\.jdbc\\.driver"
          # MimerSQL
          - "com\\.mimer\\.jdbc"
          - "Syntax error,[^\\n]+assumed to mean"
          # CrateDB
          - "io\\.crate\\.client\\.jdbc"
          # Cache
          - "encountered after end of query"
          - "A comparison operator is required here"
          # Raima Database Manager
          - "-10048: Syntax error"
          - "rdmStmtPrepare\\(.+?\\) returned"
          # Virtuoso
          - "SQ074: Line \\d+:"
          - "SR185: Undefined procedure"
          - "SQ200: No table "
          - "Virtuoso S0002 Error"
          - "\\[(Virtuoso Driver|Virtuoso iODBC Driver)\\]\\[Virtuoso Server\\]"
        condition: or

    extractors:
      - type: regex
        name: MySQL
        regex:
          - "SQL syntax.*?MySQL"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wmysqli?_"
          - "MySQLSyntaxErrorException"
          - "valid MySQL result"
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your MySQL server version"
          - "Unknown column '[^ ]+' in 'field list'"
          - "MySqlClient\\."
          - "com\\.mysql\\.jdbc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Mysqli_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Mysql"
          - "MySqlException"
          - "SQLSTATE[\\d+]: Syntax error or access violation"

      - type: regex
        name: MariaDB
        regex:
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your MariaDB server version"

      - type: regex
        name: Drizzel
        regex:
          - "check the manual that (corresponds to|fits) your Drizzle server version"

      - type: regex
        name: MemSQL
        regex:
          - "MemSQL does not support this type of query"
          - "is not supported by MemSQL"
          - "unsupported nested scalar subselect"

      - type: regex
        name: PostgreSQL
        regex:
          - "PostgreSQL.*?ERROR"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wpg_"
          - "valid PostgreSQL result"
          - "Npgsql\\."
          - "PG::SyntaxError:"
          - "org\\.postgresql\\.util\\.PSQLException"
          - "ERROR:\\s\\ssyntax error at or near"
          - "ERROR: parser: parse error at or near"
          - "PostgreSQL query failed"
          - "org\\.postgresql\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Pgsql"
          - "PSQLException"

      - type: regex
        name: MicrosoftSQLServer
        regex:
          - "Driver.*? SQL[\\-\\_\\ ]*Server"
          - "OLE DB.*? SQL Server"
          - "\\bSQL Server[^<"]+Driver"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(mssql|sqlsrv)_"
          - "\\bSQL Server[^<"]+[0-9a-fA-F]{8}"
          - "System\\.Data\\.SqlClient\\.SqlException\\.(SqlException|SqlConnection\\.OnError)"
          - "(?s)Exception.*?\\bRoadhouse\\.Cms\\."
          - "Microsoft SQL Native Client error '[0-9a-fA-F]{8}"
          - "\\[SQL Server\\]"
          - "ODBC SQL Server Driver"
          - "ODBC Driver \\d+ for SQL Server"
          - "SQLServer JDBC Driver"
          - "com\\.jnetdirect\\.jsql"
          - "macromedia\\.jdbc\\.sqlserver"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Sqlsrv_Exception"
          - "com\\.microsoft\\.sqlserver\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\](Mssql|SqlSrv)"
          - "SQL(Srv|Server)Exception"
          - "Unclosed quotation mark after the character string"

      - type: regex
        name: MicrosoftAccess
        regex:
          - "Microsoft Access (\\d+ )?Driver"
          - "JET Database Engine"
          - "Access Database Engine"
          - "ODBC Microsoft Access"
          - "Syntax error \\(missing operator\\) in query expression"

      - type: regex
        name: Oracle
        regex:
          - "\\bORA-\\d{5}"
          - "Oracle error"
          - "Oracle.*?Driver"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(oci|ora)_"
          - "quoted string not properly terminated"
          - "SQL command not properly ended"
          - "macromedia\\.jdbc\\.oracle"
          - "oracle\\.jdbc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Oracle_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\](Oracle|OCI)"
          - "OracleException"

      - type: regex
        name: IBMDB2
        regex:
          - "CLI Driver.*?DB2"
          - "DB2 SQL error"
          - "\\bdb2_\\w+\\("
          - "SQLCODE[=:\\d, -]+SQLSTATE"
          - "com\\.ibm\\.db2\\.jcc"
          - "Zend_Db_(Adapter|Statement)_Db2_Exception"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Ibm"
          - "DB2Exception"
          - "ibm_db_dbi\\.ProgrammingError"

      - type: regex
        name: Informix
        regex:
          - "Warning.*?\\Wifx_"
          - "Exception.*?Informix"
          - "Informix ODBC Driver"
          - "ODBC Informix driver"
          - "com\\.informix\\.jdbc"
          - "weblogic\\.jdbc\\.informix"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Informix"
          - "IfxException"

      - type: regex
        name: Firebird
        regex:
          - "Dynamic SQL Error"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wibase_"
          - "org\\.firebirdsql\\.jdbc"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Firebird"

      - type: regex
        name: SQLite
        regex:
          - "SQLite/JDBCDriver"
          - "SQLite\\.Exception"
          - "(Microsoft|System)\\.Data\\.SQLite\\.SQLiteException"
          - "Warning.*?\\W(sqlite_|SQLite3::)"
          - "\\[SQLITE_ERROR\\]"
          - "SQLite error \\d+:"
          - "sqlite3.OperationalError:"
          - "SQLite3::SQLException"
          - "org\\.sqlite\\.JDBC"
          - "Pdo[./_\\\\]Sqlite"
          - "SQLiteException"

      - type: regex
        name: SAPMaxDB
        regex:
          - "SQL error.*?POS([0-9]+)"
          - "Warning.*?\\Wmaxdb_"
          - "DriverSapDB"
          - "-3014.*?Invalid end of SQL statement"
          - "com\\.sap\\.dbtech\\.jdbc"
          - "\\[-3008\\].*?: Invalid keyword or missing delimiter"

      - type: regex
        name: Sybase
        regex:
          - "Warning.*?\\Wsybase_"
          - "Sybase message"
          - "Sybase.*?Server message"
          - "SybSQLException"
          - "Sybase\\.Data\\.AseClient"
          - "com\\.sybase\\.jdbc"

      - type: regex
        name: Ingres
        regex:
          - "Warning.*?\\Wingres_"
          - "Ingres SQLSTATE"
          - "Ingres\\W.*?Driver"
          - "com\\.ingres\\.gcf\\.jdbc"

      - type: regex
        name: FrontBase
        regex:
          - "Exception (condition )?\\d+\\. Transaction rollback"
          - "com\\.frontbase\\.jdbc"
          - "Syntax error 1. Missing"
          - "(Semantic|Syntax) error \\[1-4\\]\\d{2}\\."

      - type: regex
        name: HSQLDB
        regex:
          - "Unexpected end of command in statement \\["
          - "Unexpected token.*?in statement \\["
          - "org\\.hsqldb\\.jdbc"

      - type: regex
        name: H2
        regex:
          - "org\\.h2\\.jdbc"
          - "\\[42000-192\\]"

      - type: regex
        name: MonetDB
        regex:
          - "![0-9]{5}![^\\n]+(failed|unexpected|error|syntax|expected|violation|exception)"
          - "\\[MonetDB\\]\\[ODBC Driver"
          - "nl\\.cwi\\.monetdb\\.jdbc"

      - type: regex
        name: ApacheDerby
        regex:
          - "Syntax error: Encountered"
          - "org\\.apache\\.derby"
          - "ERROR 42X01"

      - type: regex
        name: Vertica
        regex:
          - ", Sqlstate: (3F|42).{3}, (Routine|Hint|Position):"
          - "/vertica/Parser/scan"
          - "com\\.vertica\\.jdbc"
          - "org\\.jkiss\\.dbeaver\\.ext\\.vertica"
          - "com\\.vertica\\.dsi\\.dataengine"

      - type: regex
        name: Mckoi
        regex:
          - "com\\.mckoi\\.JDBCDriver"
          - "com\\.mckoi\\.database\\.jdbc"
          - "<REGEX_LITERAL>"

      - type: regex
        name: Presto
        regex:
          - "com\\.facebook\\.presto\\.jdbc"
          - "io\\.prestosql\\.jdbc"
          - "com\\.simba\\.presto\\.jdbc"
          - "UNION query has different number of fields: \\d+, \\d+"

      - type: regex
        name: Altibase
        regex:
          - "Altibase\\.jdbc\\.driver"

      - type: regex
        name: MimerSQL
        regex:
          - "com\\.mimer\\.jdbc"
          - "Syntax error,[^\\n]+assumed to mean"

      - type: regex
        name: CrateDB
        regex:
          - "io\\.crate\\.client\\.jdbc"

      - type: regex
        name: Cache
        regex:
          - "encountered after end of query"
          - "A comparison operator is required here"

      - type: regex
        name: RaimaDatabaseManager
        regex:
          - "-10048: Syntax error"
          - "rdmStmtPrepare\\(.+?\\) returned"

      - type: regex
        name: Virtuoso
        regex:
          - "SQ074: Line \\d+:"
          - "SR185: Undefined procedure"
          - "SQ200: No table "
          - "Virtuoso S0002 Error"
          - "\\[(Virtuoso Driver|Virtuoso iODBC Driver)\\]\\[Virtuoso Server\\]"

# Enhanced by CS 03/27/2023