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PayloadsAllTheThings/Methodology and Resources/Methodology_and_enumeration.md

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Bug Hunting Methodology and Enumeration

exploitation

Enumerate all subdomains (only if the scope is *.domain.ext)

  • Using Subbrute
git clone https://github.com/TheRook/subbrute
python subbrute.py domain.example.com
  • Using KnockPy with Daniel Miessler’s SecLists for subdomain "/Discover/DNS"
git clone https://github.com/guelfoweb/knock
git clone https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists.git
knockpy domain.com -w subdomains-top1mil-110000.txt
  • Using Google Dorks and Google Transparency Report
site:*.domain.com -www
site:domain.com filetype:pdf
site:domain.com inurl:'&'
site:domain.com inurl:login,register,upload,logout,redirect,redir,goto,admin
site:domain.com ext:php,asp,aspx,jsp,jspa,txt,swf
site:*.*.domain.com

You need to include subdomains ;)
https://www.google.com/transparencyreport/https/ct/?hl=en-US#domain=[DOMAIN]g&incl_exp=true&incl_sub=true
  • Subdomain take over using HostileSubBruteForcer
git clone https://github.com/nahamsec/HostileSubBruteforcer
chmox +x sub_brute.rb
./sub_brute.rb
  • EyeWitness and Nmap scans from the KnockPy and enumall scans
git clone https://github.com/ChrisTruncer/EyeWitness.git
./setup/setup.sh
./EyeWitness.py -f filename -t optionaltimeout --open (Optional)
./EyeWitness -f urls.txt --web
./EyeWitness -x urls.xml -t 8 --headless
./EyeWitness -f rdp.txt --rdp
  • Using Sublist3r
To enumerate subdomains of specific domain and show the results in realtime:
python sublist3r.py -v -d example.com

To enumerate subdomains and enable the bruteforce module:
python sublist3r.py -b -d example.com

To enumerate subdomains and use specific engines such Google, Yahoo and Virustotal engines
python sublist3r.py -e google,yahoo,virustotal -d example.com

python sublist3r.py -b -d example.com
  • Using Aquatone
gem install aquatone

Discover subdomains : results in ~/aquatone/example.com/hosts.txt
aquatone-discover --domain example.com
aquatone-discover --domain example.com --threads 25
aquatone-discover --domain example.com --sleep 5 --jitter 30
aquatone-discover --set-key shodan o1hyw8pv59vSVjrZU3Qaz6ZQqgM91ihQ

Active scans : results in ~/aquatone/example.com/urls.txt
aquatone-scan --domain example.com
aquatone-scan --domain example.com --ports 80,443,3000,8080
aquatone-scan --domain example.com --ports large
aquatone-scan --domain example.com --threads 25

Final results
aquatone-gather --domain example.com

Passive recon

  • Using Shodan (https://www.shodan.io/) to detect similar app

    can be integrated with nmap (https://github.com/glennzw/shodan-hq-nse)
nmap --script shodan-hq.nse --script-args 'apikey=<yourShodanAPIKey>,target=<hackme>'

  • Using The Wayback Machine (https://archive.org/web/) to detect forgotten endpoints,

    look for JS files, old links

  • Using The Harvester (https://github.com/laramies/theHarvester)

    python theHarvester.py -b all -d domain.com

Active recon

  • Basic NMAP

    sudo nmap -sSV -p- 192.168.0.1 -oA OUTPUTFILE -T4
sudo nmap -sSV -oA OUTPUTFILE -T4 -iL INPUTFILE.csv

• the flag -sSV defines the type of packet to send to the server and tells Nmap to try and determine any service on open ports
• the -p- tells Nmap to check all 65,535 ports (by default it will only check the most popular 1,000)
• 192.168.0.1 is the IP address to scan
• -oA OUTPUTFILE tells Nmap to output the findings in its three major formats at once using the filename "OUTPUTFILE"
• -iL INPUTFILE tells Nmap to use the provided file as inputs

  • CTF NMAP This configuration is enough to do a basic check for a CTF VM

    nmap -sV -sC -oA ~/nmap-initial 192.168.1.1

-sV : Probe open ports to determine service/version info
-sC : to enable the script
-oA : to save the results

After this quick command you can add "-p-" to run a full scan while you work with the previous result

  • Aggressive NMAP

    nmap -A -T4 scanme.nmap.org
• -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute
• -T4: Defines the timing for the task (options are 0-5 and higher is faster)

  • NMAP and add-ons

    1. Using searchsploit to detect vulnerable services
    nmap -p- -sV -oX a.xml IP_ADDRESS; searchsploit --nmap a.xml
    1. Generating nice scan report
    nmap -sV IP_ADDRESS -oX scan.xml && xsltproc scan.xml -o "`date +%m%d%y`_report.html"

  • NMAP Scripts

    nmap -sC : equivalent to --script=default

nmap --script 'http-enum' -v web.xxxx.com -p80 -oN http-enum.nmap
PORT   STATE SERVICE
80/tcp open  http
| http-enum:
|   /phpmyadmin/: phpMyAdmin
|   /.git/HEAD: Git folder
|   /css/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.10 (debian)'
|_  /image/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.10 (debian)'

nmap --script smb-enum-users.nse -p 445 [target host]
Host script results:
| smb-enum-users:
|   METASPLOITABLE\backup (RID: 1068)
|     Full name:   backup
|     Flags:       Account disabled, Normal user account
|   METASPLOITABLE\bin (RID: 1004)
|     Full name:   bin
|     Flags:       Account disabled, Normal user account
|   METASPLOITABLE\msfadmin (RID: 3000)
|     Full name:   msfadmin,,,
|     Flags:       Normal user account

List Nmap scripts : ls /usr/share/nmap/scripts/

  • RPCClient

    ╰─$ rpcclient -U "" [target host]
rpcclient $> querydominfo
Domain:		WORKGROUP
Server:		METASPLOITABLE
Comment:	metasploitable server (Samba 3.0.20-Debian)
Total Users:	35

rpcclient $> enumdomusers
user:[games] rid:[0x3f2]
user:[nobody] rid:[0x1f5]
user:[bind] rid:[0x4ba]

  • Enum4all

    Usage: ./enum4linux.pl [options]ip
-U        get userlist
-M        get machine list*
-S        get sharelist
-P        get password policy information
-G        get group and member list
-d        be detailed, applies to -U and -S
-u user   specify username to use (default “”)
-p pass   specify password to use (default “”
-a        Do all simple enumeration (-U -S -G -P -r -o -n -i).
-o        Get OS information
-i        Get printer information
==============================
|   Users on XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX |
==============================
index: 0x1 Account: games	Name: games	Desc: (null)
index: 0x2 Account: nobody	Name: nobody	Desc: (null)
index: 0x3 Account: bind	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x4 Account: proxy	Name: proxy	Desc: (null)
index: 0x5 Account: syslog	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x6 Account: user	Name: just a user,111,,	Desc: (null)
index: 0x7 Account: www-data	Name: www-data	Desc: (null)
index: 0x8 Account: root	Name: root	Desc: (null)

List all the subdirectories and files

  • Using BFAC (Backup File Artifacts Checker): An automated tool that checks for backup artifacts that may disclose the web-application's source code.
git clone https://github.com/mazen160/bfac

Check a single URL
bfac --url http://example.com/test.php --level 4

Check a list of URLs
bfac --list testing_list.txt
  • Using DirBuster or GoBuster
./gobuster -u http://buffered.io/ -w words.txt -t 10
-u url
-w wordlist
-t threads

More subdomain :
./gobuster -m dns -w subdomains.txt -u google.com -i

gobuster -w wordlist -u URL -r -e
  • Using a script to detect all phpinfo.php files in a range of IPs (CIDR can be found with a whois)
#!/bin/bash
for ipa in 98.13{6..9}.{0..255}.{0..255}; do
wget -t 1 -T 3 http://${ipa}/phpinfo.php; done &
  • Using a script to detect all .htpasswd files in a range of IPs
#!/bin/bash
for ipa in 98.13{6..9}.{0..255}.{0..255}; do
wget -t 1 -T 3 http://${ipa}/.htpasswd; done &

Looking for Web vulnerabilities

  • Look for private information in GitHub repos with GitRob
git clone https://github.com/michenriksen/gitrob.git
gitrob analyze johndoe --site=https://github.acme.com --endpoint=https://github.acme.com/api/v3 --access-tokens=token1,token2
  • Explore the website with a proxy (ZAP/Burp Suite)
  1. Start proxy, visit the main target site and perform a Forced Browse to discover files and directories
  2. Map technologies used with Wappalyzer and Burp Suite (or ZAP) proxy
  3. Explore and understand available functionality, noting areas that correspond to vulnerability types
Burp Proxy configuration on port 8080 (in .bashrc):
alias set_proxy_burp='gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http host "http://localhost";gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy.http port 8080;gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode "manual"'
alias set_proxy_normal='gsettings set org.gnome.system.proxy mode "none"'

then launch Burp with : java -jar burpsuite_free_v*.jar &
  • Checklist for Web vulns
[] AWS Amazon Bucket S3  
[] Git Svn insecure files   
[] CVE Shellshock Heartbleed  
[] Open redirect            
[] Traversal directory    
[] XSS injection
[] CRLF injection  
[] CSRF injection          
[] SQL injection            
[] NoSQL injection                 
[] PHP include      
[] Upload insecure files     
[] SSRF injection         
[] XXE injections
[] CSV injection
[] PHP serialization
...

  • Subscribe to the site and pay for the additional functionality to test

  • Launch a Nikto scan in case you missed something

nikto -h http://domain.example.com

Thanks to