A curated list of awesome Threat Intelligence resources
A concise definition of Threat Intelligence: *evidence-based knowledge, including context, mechanisms, indicators, implications and actionable advice, about an existing or emerging menace or hazard to assets that can be used to inform decisions regarding the subject’s response to that menace or hazard*.
BruteForceBlocker is a perl script that monitors a server's sshd logs and identifies brute force attacks, which it then uses to automatically configure firewall blocking rules and submit those IPs back to the project site, <ahref="http://danger.rulez.sk/projects/bruteforceblocker/blist.php">http://danger.rulez.sk/projects/bruteforceblocker/blist.php</a>.
<ahref="http://www.ccssforum.org/malware-certificates.php"target="_blank">CCSS Forum Malware Certificates</a>
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The following is a list of digital certificates that have been reported by the forum as possibly being associated with malware to various certificate authorities. This information is intended to help prevent companies from using digital certificates to add legitimacy to malware and encourage prompt revocation of such certificates.
A subset of the commercial <ahref="http://cinsscore.com/">CINS Score</a> list, focused on poorly rated IPs that are not currently present on other threatlists.
The free threat intelligence parsed and aggregated by Critical Stack is ready for use in any Bro production system. You can specify which feeds you trust and want to ingest.
C1fApp is a threat feed aggregation application, providing a single feed, both Open Source and private. Provides statistics dashboard, open API for search and is been running for a few years now. Searches are on historical data.
Cymon is an aggregator of indicators from multiple sources with history, so you have a single interface to multiple threat feeds. It also provides an API to search a database along with a pretty web interface.
The ExoneraTor service maintains a database of IP addresses that have been part of the Tor network. It answers the question whether there was a Tor relay running on a given IP address on a given date.
400+ publicly available IP Feeds analysed to document their evolution, geo-map, age of IPs, retention policy, overlaps. The site focuses on cyber crime (attacks, abuse, malware).
Hail a TAXII.com is a repository of Open Source Cyber Threat Intelligence feeds in STIX format. They offer several feeds, including some that are listed here already in a different format, like the Emerging Threats rules and PhishTank feeds.
HoneyDB provides real time data of honeypot activity. This data comes from honeypots deployed on the Internet using the <ahref="https://github.com/foospidy/HoneyPy"target="_blank">HoneyPy</a> honeypot. In addition, HoneyDB provides API access to collected honeypot activity, which also includes aggregated data from various honeypot Twitter feeds.
I-Blocklist maintains several types of lists containing IP addresses belonging to various categories. Some of these main categories include countries, ISPs and organizations. Other lists include web attacks, TOR, spyware and proxies. Many are free to use, and available in various formats.
Probable Whitelist of the top 1 million web sites, as ranked by Majestic. Sites are ordered by the number of referring subnets. More about the ranking can be found on their <ahref="https://blog.majestic.com/development/majestic-million-csv-daily/"target="_blank">blog</a>.
The DNS-BH project creates and maintains a listing of domains that are known to be used to propagate malware and spyware. These can be used for detection as well as prevention (sinkholing DNS requests).
Metadefender Cloud Threat Intelligence Feeds contains top new malware hash signatures, including MD5, SHA1, and SHA256. These new malicious hashes have been spotted by Metadefender Cloud within the last 24 hours. The feeds are updated daily with newly detected and reported malware to provide actionable and timely threat intelligence.
The Minotaur Project is an ongoing research project by the team at NovCon Solutions (novcon.net). It is being built as a hub for security professionals, researchers and enthusiasts to discover new threats and discuss mitigations. It is a combination of 3rd-party opensource software, local datasets, new analysis tools, and more.
NormShield Services provide thousands of domain information (including whois information) that potential phishing attacks may come from. Breach and blacklist services also available. There is free sign up for public services for continuous monitoring.
OpenPhish receives URLs from multiple streams and analyzes them using its proprietary phishing detection algorithms. There are free and commercial offerings available.
PhishTank delivers a list of suspected phishing URLs. Their data comes from human reports, but they also ingest external feeds where possible. It's a free service, but registering for an API key is sometimes necessary.
The Ransomware Tracker by <ahref="https://www.abuse.ch/"target="_blank">abuse.ch</a> tracks and monitors the status of domain names, IP addresses and URLs that are associated with Ransomware, such as Botnet C&C servers, distribution sites and payment sites.
The Suspicious Domains Threat Lists by <ahref="https://isc.sans.edu/suspicious_domains.html"target="_blank">SANS ICS</a> tracks suspicious domains. It offers 3 lists categorized as either <ahref="https://isc.sans.edu/feeds/suspiciousdomains_High.txt"target="_blank">high</a>, <ahref="https://isc.sans.edu/feeds/suspiciousdomains_Medium.txt"target="_blank">medium</a> or <ahref="https://isc.sans.edu/feeds/suspiciousdomains_Low.txt"target="_blank">low</a> sensitivity, where the high sensitivity list has fewer false positives, whereas the low sensitivity list with more false positives. There is also an <ahref="https://isc.sans.edu/feeds/suspiciousdomains_whitelist_approved.txt"target="_blank">approved whitelist</a> of domains.<br/>
SSL Blacklist (SSLBL) is a project maintained by abuse.ch. The goal is to provide a list of "bad" SSL certificates identified by abuse.ch to be associated with malware or botnet activities. SSLBL relies on SHA1 fingerprints of malicious SSL certificates and offers various blacklists
Strongarm is a DNS blackhole that takes action on indicators of compromise by blocking malware command and control. Strongarm aggregates free indicator feeds, integrates with commercial feeds, utilizes Percipient's IOC feeds, and operates DNS resolvers and APIs for you to use to protect your network and business. Strongarm is free for personal use.
Project Aspis is a closed collaboration between Talos and hosting providers to identify and deter major threat actors. Talos shares its expertise, resources, and capabilities including network and system forensics, reverse engineering, and threat intelligence at no cost to the provider.
An online tool for sharing, browsing and analyzing web-based malware. Threatglass allows users to graphically browse website infections by viewing screenshots of the stages of infection, as well as by analyzing network characteristics such as host relationships and packet captures.
ThreatMiner has been created to free analysts from data collection and to provide them a portal on which they can carry out their tasks, from reading reports to pivoting and data enrichment.
The emphasis of ThreatMiner isn't just about indicators of compromise (IoC) but also to provide analysts with contextual information related to the IoC they are looking at.
VirusShare.com is a repository of malware samples to provide security researchers, incident responders, forensic analysts, and the morbidly curious access to samples of malicious code. Access to the site is granted via invitation only.
The ZeuS Tracker by <ahref="https://www.abuse.ch/"target="_blank">abuse.ch</a> tracks ZeuS Command & Control servers (hosts) around the world and provides you a domain- and a IP-blocklist.
The Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) is a comprehensive dictionary and classification taxonomy of known attacks that can be used by analysts, developers, testers, and educators to advance community understanding and enhance defenses.
The Cyber Observable eXpression (CybOX) language provides a common structure for representing cyber observables across and among the operational areas of enterprise cyber security that improves the consistency, efficiency, and interoperability of deployed tools and processes, as well as increases overall situational awareness by enabling the potential for detailed automatable sharing, mapping, detection, and analysis heuristics.
The Incident Object Description Exchange Format (IODEF) defines a data representation that provides a framework for sharing information commonly exchanged by Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs) about computer security incidents.
<i>Experimental</i> - The purpose of the Intrusion Detection Message Exchange Format (IDMEF) is to define data formats and exchange procedures for sharing information of interest to intrusion detection and response systems and to the management systems that may need to interact with them.
The Malware Attribute Enumeration and Characterization (MAEC) projects is aimed at creating and providing a standardized language for sharing structured information about malware based upon attributes such as behaviors, artifacts, and attack patterns.
The Structured Threat Information eXpression (STIX) language is a standardized construct to represent cyber threat information. The STIX Language intends to convey the full range of potential cyber threat information and strives to be fully expressive, flexible, extensible, and automatable. STIX does not only allow tool-agnostic fields, but also provides so-called <i>test mechanisms</i> that provide means for embedding tool-specific elements, including OpenIOC, Yara and Snort. STIX 1.x has been archived <ahref="https://stixproject.github.io/"target="_blank">here</a>.
The Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information (TAXII) standard defines a set of services and message exchanges that, when implemented, enable sharing of actionable cyber threat information across organization and product/service boundaries. TAXII defines concepts, protocols, and message exchanges to exchange cyber threat information for the detection, prevention, and mitigation of cyber threats.
The Vocabulary for Event Recording and Incident Sharing (VERIS) is a set of metrics designed to provide a common language for describing security incidents in a structured and repeatable manner. VERIS is a response to one of the most critical and persistent challenges in the security industry - a lack of quality information. In addition to providing a structured format, VERIS also collects data from the community to report on breaches in the Verizon Data Breach Investigations Report (<atarget="_blank"href="http://www.verizonenterprise.com/verizon-insights-lab/dbir/">DBIR</a>) and publishes this database online at <atarget="_blank"href="http://vcdb.org/index.html">VCDB.org</a>.
The Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) free Automated Indicator Sharing (AIS) capability enables the exchange of cyber threat indicators between the Federal Government and the private sector at machine speed. Threat indicators are pieces of information like malicious IP addresses or the sender address of a phishing email (although they can also be much more complicated).
Fidelis Cybersecurity offers free access to Barncat after registration. The platform is intended to be used by CERTs, researchers, governments, ISPs and other, large organizations. The database holds various configuration settings used by attackers.
CRITS is a platform that provides analysts with the means to conduct collaborative research into malware and threats. It plugs into a centralized intelligence data repository, but can also be used as a private instance.
The Collective Intelligence Framework (CIF) allows you to combine known malicious threat information from many sources and use that information for IR, detection and mitigation. Code available on <ahref="https://github.com/csirtgadgets/massive-octo-spice"target="_blank">GitHub</a>.
IntelMQ is a solution for CERTs for collecting and processing security feeds, pastebins, tweets using a message queue protocol. It's a community driven initiative called IHAP (Incident Handling Automation Project) which was conceptually designed by European CERTs during several InfoSec events. Its main goal is to give to incident responders an easy way to collect & process threat intelligence thus improving the incident handling processes of CERTs.
Interflow is a security and threat information exchange platform created by Microsoft for professionals working in cybersecurity.
It uses a distributed architecture which enables sharing of security and threat information within and between communities for a collectively stronger ecosystem.
Offering multiple configuration options, Interflow allows users to decide what communities to form, what data feeds to consume, and with whom.
The Model-based Analysis of Threat Intelligence Sources (MANTIS) Cyber Threat Intelligence Management Framework supports the management of cyber threat intelligence expressed in various standard languages, like STIX and CybOX. It is *not* ready for large-scale production though.
Megatron is a tool implemented by CERT-SE which collects and analyses bad IPs, can be used to calculate statistics, convert and analyze log files and in abuse & incident handling.
The Malware Information Sharing Platform (MISP) is an open source software solution for collecting, storing, distributing and sharing cyber security indicators and malware analysis.
OpenIOC is an open framework for sharing threat intelligence. It is designed to exchange threat information both internally and externally in a machine-digestible format.
OpenTAXII is a robust Python implementation of TAXII Services that delivers a rich feature set and a friendly Pythonic API built on top of a well designed application.
AlienVault Open Threat Exchange (OTX) provides open access to a global community of threat researchers and security professionals. It delivers community-generated threat data, enables collaborative research, and automates the process of updating your security infrastructure with threat data from any source.
The Open Threat Partner eXchange (OpenTPX) consists of an open-source format and tools for exchanging machine-readable threat intelligence and network security operations data. It is a JSON-based format that allows sharing of data between connected systems.
The PassiveTotal platform offered by RiskIQ is a threat-analysis platform which provides analysts with as much data as possible in order to prevent attacks before they happen. Several types of solutions are offered, as well as integrations (APIs) with other systems.
Recorded Future is a premium SaaS product that automatically unifies threat intelligence from open, closed, and technical sources into a single solution. Their technology uses natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning to deliver that threat intelligence in real time — making Recorded Future a popular choice for IT security teams.
Scumblr is a web application that allows performing periodic syncs of data sources (such as Github repositories and URLs) and performing analysis (such as static analysis, dynamic checks, and metadata collection) on the identified results.
Scumblr helps you streamline proactive security through an intelligent automation framework to help you identify, track, and resolve security issues faster.
The basic version of Soltra Edge is available for free. It supports a community defense model that is highly interoperable and extensible. It is built with industry standards supported out of the box, including STIX and TAXII.
Anomali STAXX™ gives you a free, easy way to subscribe to any STIX/TAXII feed. Simply download the STAXX client, configure your data sources, and STAXX will handle the rest.
stoQ is a framework that allows cyber analysts to organize and automate repetitive, data-driven tasks. It features plugins for many other systems to interact with.
One use case is the extraction of IOCs from documents, an example of which is shown <ahref="https://stoq-framework.blogspot.nl/2016/04/operationalizing-indicators.html"target="_blank">here</a>, but it can also be used for deobfuscationg and decoding of content and automated scanning with YARA, for example.
The Threat Analysis, Reconnaissance, and Data Intelligence System (TARDIS) is an open source framework for performing historical searches using attack signatures.
Facebook created ThreatExchange so that participating organizations can share threat data using a convenient, structured, and easy-to-use API that provides privacy controls to enable sharing with only desired groups. This project is still in <b>beta</b>. Reference code can be found at <ahref="https://github.com/facebook/ThreatExchange"target="_blank">GitHub</a>.
The X-Force Exchange (XFE) by IBM XFE is a free SaaS product that you can use to search for threat intelligence information, collect your findings, and share your insights with other members of the XFE community.
ActorTrackr is an open source web application for storing/searching/linking actor related data. The primary sources are from users and various public repositories. Source available on <ahref="https://github.com/dougiep16/actortrackr"target="_blank">GitHub</a>.
AIEngine is a next generation interactive/programmable Python/Ruby/Java/Lua packet inspection engine with capabilities of learning without any human intervention, NIDS(Network Intrusion Detection System) functionality, DNS domain classification, network collector, network forensics and many others. Source available on <ahref="https://bitbucket.org/camp0/aiengine"target="_blank">Bitbucket</a>.
APT Groups, Operations and Malware Search Engine. The sources used for this Google Custom Search are listed on <ahref="https://gist.github.com/Neo23x0/c4f40629342769ad0a8f3980942e21d3"target="_blank"this</a> GitHub gist.
Cuckoo Sandbox is an automated dynamic malware analysis system. It's the most well-known open source malware analysis sandbox around and is frequently deployed by researchers, CERT/SOC teams, and threat intelligence teams all around the globe. For many organizations Cuckoo Sandbox provides a first insight into potential malware samples.
GoatRider is a simple tool that will dynamically pull down Artillery Threat Intelligence Feeds, TOR, AlienVaults OTX, and the Alexa top 1 million websites and do a comparison to a hostname file or IP file.
IOC (Indicator of Compromise) Extractor is a program to help extract IOCs from text files. The general goal is to speed up the process of parsing structured data (IOCs) from unstructured or semi-structured data
Jager is a tool for pulling useful IOCs (indicators of compromise) out of various input sources (PDFs for now, plain text really soon, webpages eventually) and putting them into an easy to manipulate JSON format.
LookUp is a centralized page to get various threat information about an IP address. It can be integrated easily into context menus of tools like SIEMs and other investigative tools.
Machinae is a tool for collecting intelligence from public sites/feeds about various security-related pieces of data: IP addresses, domain names, URLs, email addresses, file hashes and SSL fingerprints.
A set of configuration files to use with EclecticIQ's OpenTAXII implementation, along with a callback for when data is sent to the TAXII Server's inbox.
The goal of this project is to facilitate distribution of Threat Intelligence artifacts to defensive systems and to enhance the value derived from both open source and commercial tools.
Open-source ruby project to handle the storage and linking of open-source intelligence (ala Maltego, but free as in beer and not tied to a specific / proprietary database).
Allows you to test your TAXII environment by connecting to the provided services and performing the different functions as written in the TAXII specifications.
ThreatAggregrator aggregates security threats from a number of online sources, and outputs to various formats, including CEF, Snort and IPTables rules.
Threatelligence is a simple cyber threat intelligence feed collector, using Elasticsearch, Kibana and Python to automatically collect intelligence from custom or public sources. Automatically updates feeds and tries to further enhance data for dashboards. Projects seem to be no longer maintained, however.
An extension for Chrome that creates hover popups on every page for IPv4, MD5, SHA2, and CVEs. It can be used for lookups during threat investigations.
ThreatScanner by Fidelis Cybersecurity runs a script to hunt for IOCs or YARA rules on a single machine and automatically generates a report that provides details of suspicious artifacts.
TIH is an intelligence tool that helps you in searching for IOCs across multiple openly available security feeds and some well known APIs. The idea behind the tool is to facilitate searching and storing of frequently added IOCs for creating your own local database of indicators.
A great collection of sources regarding <i>Advanced Persistent Threats</i> (APTs). These reports usually include strategic and tactical knowledge or advice.
Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK™) is a model and framework for describing the actions an adversary may take while operating within an enterprise network. ATT&CK is a constantly growing common reference for post-access techniques that brings greater awareness of what actions may be seen during a network intrusion. MITRE is actively working on integrating with related construct, such as CAPEC, STIX and MAEC.
<ahref="http://www.activeresponse.org/building-threat-hunting-strategy-with-the-diamond-model/"target="_blank">Building Threat Hunting Strategies with the Diamond Model</a>
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Blogpost by Sergio Caltagirone on how to develop intelligent threat hunting strategies by using the Diamond Model.
<ahref="https://car.mitre.org/wiki/Main_Page"target="_blank">Cyber Analytics Repository by MITRE</a>
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The Cyber Analytics Repository (CAR) is a knowledge base of analytics developed by MITRE based on the Adversary Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK™) threat model.
Describes the elements of cyber threat intelligence and discusses how it is collected, analyzed, and used by a variety of human and technology consumers. Further examines how intelligence can improve cybersecurity at tactical, operational, and strategic levels, and how it can help you stop attacks sooner, improve your defenses, and talk more productively about cybersecurity issues with executive management in typical <i>for Dummies</i> style.
The DML model is a capability maturity model for referencing ones maturity in detecting cyber attacks.
It's designed for organizations who perform intel-driven detection and response and who put an emphasis on having a mature detection program.
The maturity of an organization is not measured by it's ability to merely obtain relevant intelligence, but rather it's capacity to apply that intelligence effectively to detection and response functions.
<ahref="https://www.threatconnect.com/wp-content/uploads/ThreatConnect-The-Diamond-Model-of-Intrusion-Analysis.pdf"target="_blank">The Diamond Model of Intrusion Analysis</a>
This paper presents the Diamond Model, a cognitive framework and analytic instrument to support and improve intrusion analysis. Supporting increased measurability, testability and repeatability
The Guide to Cyber Threat Information Sharing (NIST Special Publication 800-150) assists organizations in establishing computer security incident response capabilities that leverage the collective knowledge, experience, and abilities of their partners by actively sharing threat intelligence and ongoing coordination. The guide provides guidelines for coordinated incident handling, including producing and consuming data, participating in information sharing communities, and protecting incident-related data.
This publication discusses intelligence preparation of the battlespace (IPB) as a critical component of the military decision making and planning process and how IPB supports decision making, as well as integrating processes and continuing activities.
<ahref="http://www.lockheedmartin.com/content/dam/lockheed/data/corporate/documents/LM-White-Paper-Intel-Driven-Defense.pdf"target="_blank">Intelligence-Driven Computer Network Defense Informed by Analysis of Adversary Campaigns and Intrusion Kill Chains</a>
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The intrusion kill chain as presented in this paper provides one with a structured approach to intrusion analysis, indicator extraction and performing defensive actions.
This publication by the U.S army forms the core of joint intelligence doctrine and lays the foundation to fully integrate operations, plans and intelligence into a cohesive team. The concepts presented are applicable to (Cyber) Threat Intelligence too.
<ahref="http://download.microsoft.com/download/8/0/1/801358EC-2A0A-4675-A2E7-96C2E7B93E73/Framework_for_Cybersecurity_Info_Sharing.pdf"target="_blank">Microsoft Research Paper</a>
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A framework for cybersecurity information sharing and risk reduction. A high level overview paper by Microsoft.
<ahref="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-dulaunoy-misp-core-format-00"target="_blank">MISP Core Format (draft)</a>
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This document describes the MISP core format used to exchange indicators and threat information between MISP (Malware Information and threat Sharing Platform) instances.
The Nippon-European Cyberdefense-Oriented Multilayer threat Analysis (NECOMA) research project is aimed at improving threat data collection and analysis to develop and demonstratie new cyberdefense mechanisms.
As part of the project several publications and software projects have been published.
The Pyramid of Pain is a graphical way to express the difficulty of obtaining different levels of indicators and the amount of resources adversaries have to expend when obtained by defenders.
This report by MWR InfoSecurity clearly describes several different types of threat intelligence, including strategic, tactical and operational variations. It also discusses the processes of requirements elicitation, collection, analysis, production and evaluation of threat intelligence. Also included are some quick wins and a maturity model for each of the types of threat intelligence defined by MWR InfoSecurity.
<ahref="https://aisel.aisnet.org/wi2017/track08/paper/3/"target="_blank">Threat Intelligence Sharing Platforms: An Exploratory Study of Software Vendors and Research Perspectives</a>
A systematic study of 22 Threat Intelligence Sharing Platforms (TISP) surfacing eight key findings about the current state of threat intelligence usage, its definition and TISPs.
The Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) is a set of designations used to ensure that sensitive information is shared with the correct audience. It employs four colors to indicate different degrees of sensitivity and the corresponding sharing considerations to be applied by the recipient(s).
<ahref="https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/analyst/who-039-s-cyberthreat-intelligence-how-35767"target="_blank">Who's Using Cyberthreat Intelligence and How?</a>
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A whitepaper by the SANS Institute describing the usage of Threat Intelligence including a survey that was performed.
The WOMBAT project aims at providing new means to understand the existing and emerging threats that are targeting the Internet economy and the net citizens. To reach this goal, the proposal includes three key workpackages: (i) real time gathering of a diverse set of security related raw data, (ii) enrichment of this input by means of various analysis techniques, and (iii) root cause identification and understanding of the phenomena under scrutiny.
