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added wcd exploit description and demonstrative image
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Web Cache Deception/Images/wcd.jpg
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# Web Cache Deception
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> Web Cache Deception (WCD) is a security vulnerability that occurs when a web server or caching proxy misinterprets a client's request for a web resource and subsequently serves a different resource, which may often be more sensitive or private, after caching it.
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## Summary
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## Exploit
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1. Browser requests a resource such as `http://www.example.com/home.php/non-existent.css`.
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2. Server returns the content of `http://www.example.com/home.php`, most probably with HTTP caching headers that instruct to not cache this page.
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3. The response goes through the proxy.
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4. The proxy identifies that the file has a css extension.
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5. Under the cache directory, the proxy creates a directory named home.php, and caches the imposter "CSS" file (non-existent.css) inside.
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Example of Web Cache Deception:
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Imagine an attacker lures a logged-in victim into accessing `http://www.example.com/home.php/non-existent.css`
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1. The victim's browser requests the resource `http://www.example.com/home.php/non-existent.css`
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2. The requested resource is searched for in the cache server, but it's not found (resource not in cache).
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3. The request is then forwarded to the main server.
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4. The main server returns the content of `http://www.example.com/home.php`, most probably with HTTP caching headers that instruct not to cache this page.
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5. The response passes through the cache server.
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6. The cache server identifies that the file has a CSS extension.
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7. Under the cache directory, the cache server creates a directory named home.php and caches the imposter "CSS" file (non-existent.css) inside it.
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8. When the attacker requests `http://www.example.com/home.php/non-existent.css`, the request is sent to the cache server, and the cache server returns the cached file with the victim's sensitive `home.php` data.
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![WCD Demonstration](Images/wcd.jpg)
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### Methodology - Caching Sensitive Data
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@ -35,7 +44,7 @@
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5. The content of the cache is displayed
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Video of the attack by Omer Gil - Web Cache Deception Attack in PayPal Home Page
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[![DEMO](https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/674856618.jpg)](https://vimeo.com/249130093)
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[![DEMO](https://i.vimeocdn.com/video/674856618-f9bac811a4c7bcf635c4eff51f68a50e3d5532ca5cade3db784c6d178b94d09a-d)](https://vimeo.com/249130093)
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**Example 2** - Web Cache Deception on OpenAI
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1. Attacker crafts a dedicated .css path of the `/api/auth/session` endpoint.
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@ -92,6 +101,7 @@ CloudFlare has a list of default extensions that gets cached behind their Load B
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| CLASS | EXE | JS | PICT | SWF | XLS | XLSX |
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## Labs
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* [PortSwigger Labs for Web cache deception](https://portswigger.net/web-security/all-labs#web-cache-poisoning)
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